1

4024/11/O/N/19

1
O
a
A b NOT TO
SCALE
B

C D
P

In the diagram, B is the midpoint of OD and OA : AC = 1 : 3.

OA = a and OB = b .

(a) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b

(i) OC ,

OC = ................................................... [1]

(ii) CD.

CD = ................................................... [1]
3
(b) P is the point on CD where CP = CD .
4
(i) Express AP , as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b.

AP = ................................................... [2]

(ii) Find AP : BD.

......................... : ......................... [1]

(iii) What special type of quadrilateral is ABDP?

.................................................... [1]
 2

4024/12/O/N/19

p
O
q

The diagram shows points O and C and the vectors p and q.

(a) Given that OA = 2p , mark and label the point A on the diagram. [1]

(b) Given that OB = p - 2q , mark and label the point B on the diagram. [1]

(c) Express OC in terms of p and q.

.................................................... [2]
 3

3
y

A B
NOT TO
SCALE

Q
O x

12
In the diagram, OB = e o .
6

1
(a) Show that the gradient of OB = .
2

[1]
p
(b) AP is parallel to OB and AP = e o .
2
(i) Find the value of p.

p = ................................................... [1]
AP
(ii) Write down the value of .
OB
.................................................... [1]

(c) AQ is perpendicular to OB.

(i) Write down the gradient of AQ.

.................................................... [1]
3
(ii) Given that AQ = e o , find the value of q.
q

q = ................................................... [1]
 4

4024/21/M/J/19

4 (a)
Q

NOT TO
SCALE
P
U

R
T

In the diagram, PQ = 4p , QR = 3q and PT = p + 2q .

2 2
QU = QR and PT = PS .
3 3
(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q,

(a) PS ,

PS = ................................................... [1]

(b) SR.

SR = ................................................... [2]

(ii) State the name of the special quadrilateral PQRS.

Using vectors, give a reason for your answer.

................................... because ..................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Find, in its simplest form, the ratio PQ | SR .

......................... : ......................... [2]

 5

3 6 -7
(b) AB = e o BC = e o CD = e o
2 -2 -3

(i) Find AD.

AD = f p [1]

(ii) Find BC .

.................................................... [2]

(iii) Given that E is the midpoint of BC, find AE .

AE = f p [2]
 6

4024/22/M/J/19

4 1
5 (a) f=e o g =e o
-3 -5
(i) Find g - 2f.

f p [1]

(ii) Petra writes f 2 g.

Show that Petra is wrong.

[3]

(b)
A

a
P
NOT TO
SCALE
Q
O
R

O, A and B are points with OA = a and OB = b .

1
P is the point on OA such that OP = OA .
3
O, Q and R lie on a straight line and Q is the midpoint of PB.

(i) Find PB in terms of a and b.

PB = ................................................... [1]
 7

(ii) Find OQ in terms of a and b.

Give your answer in its simplest form.

OQ = ................................................... [2]

(iii) QR = 2OQ.

Show that AR is parallel to PB.

[3]
 8

4024/11/O/N/18

6
6p
A B

8q

D C

In the diagram, ABCD is a parallelogram.

X is the point on BC such that BX | XC = 3 | 1 .
AB = 6p and AD = 8q .

(a) Express BX in terms of p and/or q.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) Express AX in terms of p and/or q.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(c) Y is the point such that CY = 3p + q .

(i) Express AY in terms of p and/or q.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Find the ratio AX | AY .

Answer .................... : .................... [1]

 9

4024/12/O/N/18

7 In the diagram, ADB and A

ACF are straight lines.

BC intersects DF at E.

3p + 5q
D
p

B C
AC : CF = 2 : 1 . 3q E 2q

DB = p , BE = 3q , EC = 2q and AC = 3p + 5q .

(a) Express AB in terms of p. F

Answer AB = ................................ [1]

(b) Express CF in terms of p and/or q.

Answer CF = ............................... [1]

(c) Express EF in terms of p and/or q.

Answer EF = ................................. [1]

(d) EF = kDE .

Find k.

Answer k = .................................... [2]

 10

4024/21/O/N/18

-4 6
8 The position vector, OA, of point A is c m and AB = c m.
7 -3
(a) Find the position vector, OB, of point B.

Answer OB = f p [1]

(b) Find AB .

Answer ........................................... [2]

(c) Given that AB = 3 CB , find the coordinates of point C.

Answer (................... , .................. ) [2]

 11

(d) Line L is parallel to AB and passes through the point (–2, 5).

(i) Find the equation of line L.

Answer ........................................... [3]

(ii) Line M is perpendicular to line L and passes through the origin.

Find the equation of line M.

Answer ........................................... [1]

4024/11/M/J/18

J3N J- 4N
9 p = KK OO q = KK OO
L4 P L 3P

(a) Write 3p - q as a column vector.

Answer f p [1]

(b) R is the point (11, −2) and O is the point (0, 0).
The vector OR can be written in the form p + nq , where n is an integer.

Find the value of n.

Answer n = .................................... [2]

 12
4024/22/M/J/18

10
Y

A B

O C

OYC is a triangle.
A is a point on OY and B is a point on CY.
AB is parallel to OC.
AC and OB intersect at X.

(a) Prove that triangle ABX is similar to triangle COX.

Give a reason for each statement you make.

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) OA = 3a and OC = 6c and CB : BY = 1 : 2 .

Find, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or c

(i) AB,

Answer AB = ................................. [1]

(ii) CY .

Answer CY = ................................ [2]

 13

(c) Find, in its simplest form, the ratio

(i) OX : XB,

Answer .................... : .................... [2]

(ii) area of triangle COX : area of triangle ABX,

Answer .................... : .................... [1]

(iii) area of triangle AYB : area of trapezium OABC.

Answer .................... : .................... [1]

4024/11/O/N/17

11

E D
F

2b

A C
6a B

In the diagram, ABC and AFE are straight lines.

AB = 6a and BF = 2b.

(a) Express AF in terms of a and b.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) AE = 9a + kb.

(i) Find k.

Answer k = .................................... [1]

 14

(ii) ED is parallel to BC, CD is parallel to BF and BC = AB.

Find, in terms of a and/or b,

(a) CD,

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) DE .

Answer .......................................... [1]

12
y

Q T
P

O x
J- 3N J2N
In the diagram, OP = KK OO PQ = KK OO .
L 4P L0P

(a) Find OP + PQ .

Answer .......................................... [3]

(b) T is the point where PT = kPQ .

(i) Express OT as a column vector in terms of k.

Answer [1]
J24N
(ii) M is the point such that O, T and M lie on a straight line and OM = KK OO .
L16P
Find the value of k.
4024/21/O/N/17 15

13 The diagram shows triangle PRS.

Q is the midpoint of PR.

J6N J 8N
PQ = KK OO and PS = KK OO .
L3P L- 2P

(i) Find SR.

J N
K O
Answer K O [2]
K O
(ii) T is the point on SR such that ST : TR = 1 : 3. L P

Find PT .

J N
K O
Answer K O [2]
K O
L P
4024/11/O/N/16 16
14

O
a b

The diagram shows the points O and R and the vectors a and b.

(a) Given that OP = 2a, mark and label the position of P on the grid. [1]

(b) Given that OQ = 2b – a, mark and label the position of Q on the grid. [1]

(c) Express OR in terms of a and b.

Answer OR = ............................... [2]

 17

15 (a)
B
D

6b
C

O A
3a

ACB and OCD are straight lines.

AC : CB = 1 : 2 .
OA = 3a and OB = 6b .

(i) Express AB in terms of a and b.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Express AC in terms of a and b.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(iii) BD = 5a - b .

Showing your working clearly, find OC : CD .

Answer ................... : ................... [4]

 18
4024/11/M/J/16

16
A

p q
Y X

Z C B

In the diagram,
1
X is the point on AB where AX = AB ,
4
1
Y is the point on AC where AY = AC ,
3
Z is the point on BC produced where CZ = 2BC.

AY = p and AX = q .

(a) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and q,

(i) XY ,

Answer XY = ............................................. [1]

(ii) BC ,

Answer BC = ............................................. [1]

(iii) XZ .

Answer XZ = ............................................. [2]

(b) Hence find XY : YZ.

Answer ................ : ............... [1]

 19
4024/21/M/J/16

17 (a) TriangleABChasverticesA(2,2),B(3,5)andC(4,1).
Triangle AlBlC l hasvertices Al (–4,4), Bl (–3,7)andC l (–2,3).

  WritedownthecolumnvectorofthetranslationthatmapstriangleABContotriangle AlBlC l .
J N
K O
Answer  K O [1]
KK OO
L P
(b) PQRSisaparallelogram.
J- 4N
ThepositionvectorofPrelativetoOisgivenbyOP = K O .
L 2P Q
J4N
ThepositionvectorofQrelativetoOisgivenbyOQ= K O .
L6P

P
R

(i) Express PQasacolumnvector. S

J N
K O
Answer  K O [2]
KK OO
(ii) Find RS . L P

J N
K O
Answer  K O [1]
KK OO
(iii) Find RS . L P

Answer ...................................units[2]
 20
4024/22/M/J/16

J2N J 4N J- 1N
18 (a) JK = K O KL = K O LM = K O
L5P L- 2P L 3P

(i) Find JM .

Answer [1]

(ii) Calculate KL .

Answer .......................................... [2]

(b)
O a
A E

b
C
B

In the diagram, OA = a and OB = b .

C is the point such that OAC is a straight line and AC = 2OA.
D is the midpoint of OB.
E is the point such that EC = OD .

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and b,

(a) AD,

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) EB.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Find EB : AD .

Answer .................... : ................... [1]

 21
4024/11/O/N/15

19
B C

A 5 E D

ABCD is a parallelogram.
BEF and CDF are straight lines.
AB = 4 cm, DF = 2 cm and AE = 5 cm.

(a) Show that triangles ABE and CFB are similar.

Give reasons for each of your statements.

[2]

(b) Calculate BC.

Answer .................................. cm [2]

(c) Triangle DFE is also similar to triangle ABE.

Given that the area of triangle DFE is x cm2, find the area of ABCD in terms of x.

Answer ................................. cm2 [2]

 22
4024/21/O/N/15

20 (a) Thediagramshowsthevectors PQandQR.

a
PQ = c m and QR = c m.
5
  Q
2 b

    
(i) Findaandb.

Answer a=............... b=...............[2]

(ii) Calculate PQ .


Answer ............................................ [2]

(b) OACBisaparallelogram. A C
OA = a, OB = b andDisthepointsuchthat2OB = BD .
EisthemidpointofCD.
a E
F

D
O b B

(i) ExpressCE ,assimplyaspossible,intermsofaandb.

Answer ............................................ [1]

(ii) Express OE ,assimplyaspossible,intermsofaandb.

Answer ............................................ [1]

(iii) FisapointonBCsuchthatOF = kOE .

Find BF:FC.

Answer .....................:....................[2]
 23
4024/22/O/N/15

21 (a)

B G C

E D
H
A

ABCDE is a pentagon.
AFB, AHE and BGC are straight lines.

J6N
(i) AE = K O .
L1P

Calculate AE .

Answer ................................... units [1]

J 2 N
(ii) H is the midpoint of AE, and FH = K O.
L- 3. 5P
Find AF .

Answer [2]

(iii) G divides BC in the ratio 1 : 2.

J2.5N J- 1N
BG = K O and CD = K O .
L0P L- 7P

(a) Find GD.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) Explain why GD is parallel to FH.

[1]
 24

(iv) B is the point (3, 10).

Find the coordinates of D.

Answer (................... , ...................) [1]

4024/12/M/J/15

22
C

A
a

O B D
b

1
 Inthediagram,AisthemidpointofOCandBisthepointonODwhereOB = OD.
3
 OA = a andOB = b .

 (a) Express,assimplyaspossible,intermsof aandb

  (i) AB,

 Answer�������������������������������������������� [1]

  (ii) CD.

 Answer............................................ [1]

 (b) EisthepointonCDwhereCE:ED=1:2.

  (i) Express BE ,assimplyaspossible,intermsofaand/orb.

 Answer�������������������������������������������� [2]

  (ii) WhatspecialtypeofquadrilateralisABEC?

 Answer�������������������������������������������� [1]
 25
4024/21/M/J/15

11 (a) ABCDE isapentagon. B c G C

AFB,AHEandBGC arestraightlines.
FisthemidpointofAB.
HisthemidpointofAE.
G dividesBCintheratio1:2.
  AH = a, AF = a - b, BG = ED = c .
F

a-b
E c D
H
a
 A

(i) Find FH .

Answer ............................................ [1]

(ii) Usingvectors,showthatGD isparalleltoFH.

 [2]
4 1
(iii) Itisgiventhat c = a + b .
5 5
(a) Express DC intermsofaandb.

 Answer ............................................ [2]

(b) Find AF : DC .


 Answer ..................... :.....................[1]

 26
4024/11/O/N/14

24(b)
P p
O

In the diagram, OP = p and OQ = q .

R is the point on PQ such that PR : RQ = 1 : 2 .

(i) Express PQ, as simply as possible, in terms of p and q.

Answer ......................................... [1]

(ii) Express OR, as simply as possible, in terms of p and q.

Answer ......................................... [1]

(iii) T is a point such that TR = 2 OP .

Express OT , as simply as possible, in terms of p and q.

Answer ......................................... [2]

4024/22/O/N/14 27

25 (a)
B

A b E C

In the triangle ABC, D divides AB in the ratio 3 : 2, and E divides AC in the ratio 3 : 2 .
AD = a and AE = b.

(i) Show, using vectors, that DE is parallel to BC.

[3]

(ii) Find the ratio Area of triangle ADE : Area of triangle ABC.

Answer .................... : ....................[2]

 28

4024/21/M/J/14

1 -2
26 (a) p = c m q =c m
-3 0

(i) Find p .

Answer .................................................... [1]

(ii) On the unit grid below, draw and label the vector p − q.

[2]

(iii) The vector r is shown on the unit grid below.

It is given that r = ap + bq .

Find the values of a and b.

Answer a = ..............................................

b = .............................................. [2]
 29
4024/22/M/J/14

27 (a) In this question you may use the grid below to help you.
J4N J 8N
K O
The point P has position vector K O and the point Q has position vector KK OO .
2 -3
L P L P
(i) Find PQ.

J N
K O
Answer K O [1]
KK OO
L P
(ii) Find PQ .

Answer .................................................... [1]

(iii) Find the equation of the line PQ.

Answer .................................................... [2]

(iv) Given that Q is the midpoint of the line PR, find the coordinates of R.

Answer ( ...................... , ...................... ) [2]

 30

(b)
D

B
b

O C
a A

In the diagram triangles OAB and OCD are similar.

OA = a , OB = b and BC = 4a - b .

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b

(a) AB,

Answer .................................................... [1]

(b) AC ,

Answer .................................................... [1]

(c) CD.

Answer .................................................... [2]

(ii) Find, in its simplest form, the ratio

(a) perimeter of triangle OAB : perimeter of triangle OCD,

Answer ......................... : ........................ [1]

(b) area of triangle OAB : area of trapezium ABDC.

Answer ......................... : ........................ [1]

 31
4024/21/M/J/13

28
B
C
A

BADandCAEarestraightlinesandBCisparalleltoED.
1 12
BA = c m, ED = c m and BA = 1 BD .
-2 -3 4
DescribefullythesingletransformationthatmapstriangleABContotriangleADE.

Answer..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

Calculate BA .

Answer  ............................................... [1]

FindCD.

FisthemidpointofBD.
Answer
  [2]

Find EF .

Answer
  [2]
4024/22/M/J/13 32

29 (a) ABCD is a parallelogram.

J- 4N J1N
AB = K O and BC = K O .
L 2P L4P
(i) Find BD.

(ii) Calculate AC .
Answer
  [1]

Answer ................................................ [2]

(iii) The parallelogram ABCD is mapped onto the parallelogram PBQR.

J- 12N J 3N
PB = K O and BQ = K O .
L 6P L12P
(a) Describe fully the single transformation that maps the parallelogram ABCD onto
the parallelogram PBQR.

Answer ......................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]
 33
(b) S is the midpoint of PQ.

Find SR.

Answer
  [2]

4024/11/M/J/12

30
A 8 B

D Y
C 4

In the diagram, ABCD is a parallelogram.

X is a point on BC.
AXY and DCY are straight lines.
AB = 8 cm, AX = 7 cm, AD = 9 cm and CY = 4 cm.

(a) Show that triangles ABX and YDA are similar.

Give the reason for each of your statements.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................[2]
 34

(b) Calculate AY.

Answer ............................... cm [2]

(c) Calculate CX.

Answer ............................... cm [2]

 35

31 ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with centre O.

A B

F C
O

E D

(a) (i) Find AÔ B.

Answer ......................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why AO = BC.

Answer ......................................................................................................................... [1]

→ →
(b) OA = a and OB = b.

G is the point on AB such that AG : GB is 1 : 3.

H is the midpoint of BC.

A G B

H
a b
F C
O

E D

Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and b,

→
(i) AB ,

Answer ......................................... [1]

→
(ii) FB ,

Answer ......................................... [1]

 36

→
(iii) OG ,

Answer ......................................... [2]

→
(iv) OH ,

Answer ......................................... [1]

→
(v) GH .

Answer ......................................... [2]

 37
4024/22/M/J/12

32 OAB is a triangle and OBDC is a rectangle where OD and BC intersect at E.

3
F is the point on CD such that CF = 4 CD.
OA = a, OB = b and OC = c.
A
a

b
O B

c
E

C F D

(a) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of one or more of the vectors a, b and c,

(i) AB ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) OE ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

(iii) EF .

Answer ........................................ [2]

3 2
(b) G is the point on AB such that OG = 5 a + 5 b.

(i) Express AG in terms of a and b.

Give your answer as simply as possible.

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) Find AG : GB.

Answer .................. : ................. [1]

(iii) Express FG in terms of a, b and c.

Give your answer as simply as possible.

Answer ........................................ [2]

 38

4024/22/M/J/11

33 (a)
A Y B
r

C
F
q X

E 2p D

In the diagram, ABCDEF is a hexagon with rotational symmetry of order 2.

→ → →
ED = 2p, EF = q and AF = r.
X is the midpoint of CD and Y is the point on AB such that AY : YB is 3 : 1.

(i) How many lines of symmetry does ABCDEF have?

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of one or more of the vectors p, q and r,
→
(a) EA ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

→
(b) FC ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

→
(c) FY ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

→
(d) YX .

Answer ........................................ [1]

 39
4024/12/M/J/10

34
D C

3q X

A B
2p

ABCD is a parallelogram.
X is the point on BC such that BX : XC = 2 : 1.
→ →
AB = 2p and AD = 3q.

Find, in terms of p and q,

→
(a) AC ,

→
Answer (a) AC = ............................ [1]
→
(b) AX ,

→
Answer (b) AX = .......................... [1]
→
(c) XD .

→
Answer (c) XD = ........................... [1]
 40

Question Answer Questions Answer

1(a)(i) a 7(a) 3p

1(a)(ii) 2 b – 4a 7(b) 1
( 3p + 5q ) oe
2

1(b)(i) 7(c) 1
( 3p + 9q ) oe
3 2
b
2 7(d) 1.5 oe
8(a)  2
 
 4

1(b)(ii) 3 : 2 oe 8(b) 6.71 or 6.708…

1(b)(iii) Trapezium 8(c) (0, 5)

8(d)(i) 1
y = − x + 4 oe final answer
2(a) A positioned correctly 2
8(d)(ii) y = 2x oe

9(a)  13 
 
9

9(b) n = −2

2(b) B positioned correctly 8(a) ∠BAX = ∠OCX, alternate [angles]

∠ABX = ∠COX, alternate [angles]
∠AXB = ∠CXO, [vertically]
opposite
10(b)(i) 4c
10(b)(ii) 9a – 6c or 3(3a – 2c)
10(c)(i) 3:2
10(c)(ii) 9:4
2(c) 2 q – p oe 1-0(c)(iii) 4:5
11(a) 6a + 2b oe
3(a) 6
Using gradient =
12 11(b)(i) 3

3(b)(i) 4 11(b)(ii)(a) 3 b; or FT kb
11(b)(ii)(b) –3 a
3(b)(ii) 1
oe
3 12(a) 7

3(c)(i) –2 12(b)(i)  −3 + 2 k 
  oe
 4 
3(c)(ii) –6
12(b)(ii) 4 12 oe
6(a) 6 q oe
13(b)(i)  4
6(b) 6 p + 6q isw  
8
6(c)(i) 9 p + 9q oe 13(b)(ii) 9
 
6(c)(ii) 2 : 3 oe 0
 41

Question Answer Questions Answer

14 (a) the point P marked correctly (iii) λ:3λ
(b) the point Q marked correctly 21(a)(i) 6.08
(c) –a – 2b oe (ii) 1
 
15(a)(i) 6b − 3a oe isw  4
(ii) 2b − a oe isw  4 
(iii)(a)  
(iii) 2 : 3 cao NB www − 7
16(a)(i) p –q (b) GD = 2 FH stated
(ii) 3p – 4q (iv) (9.5, 3)
(iii) 9p – 9q 22a)(i) b –a
(b) 1:8
(ii) 3b – 2a
 −6  4
17(a)   (b)(i) a
2 3
 
(ii) trapezium
8
(b) (i)  
 4 23(a)(i) b
 −8  (ii) b correctly obtained
(ii)   ft 8 8
−4
  (iii)(a) a– b
5 5
(iii) 8.94 or 8.94 to 8.95 8
or √80 oe (b) 1 : oe
5
18(a)(i) 5 24(b)(i) q–p
 
6 (ii) 2 p+ 1 q
3 3

(ii) 4.47 – 4.473 or 4.5 or √20 or 2√5 (iii) 1

3 q– (4 3 ) p, or FT their(ii) – 2p
(b) (i) 1 1 25(a)(i) Convincing argument
(a) b – a or (b – 2a) or
2 2
(ii) 9 : 25 oe
equivalent two term answers

3 1
26(a)(i) 3.16 to 3.163 or 10
(b) b – 3a or 3( b – a
2 2  3
(ii) vector   drawn
equivalent two term answers  − 3
(ii) 3 : 1 cao (iii) = 2, b
19(a) Two corresponding pairs of angles
 4
equated, with reasons, from 27(a)(i)  
ˆ = FCB
BAE ˆ opp. angles of a parm.  − 5
ˆ = CFB ˆ alternate angles (ii) 6.4(0) to 6.41 or 41 cao
ABE
ˆ = CBF
ˆ alternate angles (iii) y = –1.25x + 7 oe
AEB
(iv) (12, –8)
(b) 7.5 oe
(b)(i) (a) b–a
(c) 12x
2-0(a)(i) a = 1, b = –3 (b) 3a cao
(ii) 5.38 to 5.39 or 29
(c) 4(b – a)
1 1
.(b)(i) b – a or (2b − a )
2 2 (ii) (a) 1:4
1 1
(ii) 2b + a or (a + 4b )
2 2 (b) 1 : 15
 42
Question Answer Question Answer
28(i) Enlargement
Scale factor –3, Centre A 33(a) (i) 2
(ii)(a) q –r
(ii) 2.2 to 2.24 or 5
(b) 2p – q – r
(iii)  0  (c) 1½p–r
 
− 7 (d) ½p–q+½

(iv) 10  34(a) 2p + 3q

 
(b) 2p + 2q
1
(c) –2p + q
29(a)(i) 5

 2

(ii) 45 or 6.7 to 6.71

(iii) (a) Enlargement

Scale Factor 3 Centre B

 7.5 
(b)  
 3 

30(a) Similar triangles justified

(b) 10.5 oe
(c) 3

31(a)(i) 60o

(ii) AOB and OBC are equilateral

triangles oe

(b)(i) b–a

(ii) 2b – a

3 1
(iii) a+ b
4 4
1
(iv) b– a
2
3 5
(v) b– a
4 4
32(a) (i) b–a
1
(ii) (b + c)
2
1 1 1
(iii) b + c or their (aii) – b
4 2 4
(b) (i) 2 2
b– a
5 5
(ii) 2 : 3 oe

3 7
(iii) a– b–c
5 20