INDEX

Sl.No Index Page

no.
Introduction 7-8
Develop and execute the following programs using HTML, PERL/PHP. Create
database using MYSQL wherever necessary.
1. a) Program to display various Server 9-10
Information like Server Name, Server
Software, Server protocol, CGI Revision etc.

b) Program to accept UNIX command from a 11-12

HTML form and to display the output of the
command executed.
2. a) Program to accept the User Name and 13-15
display a greeting message

b) Program to keep track of the number of 16-17

visitors visited the webpage and display the
counter with proper headings.
3. Program to display a greeting based on the 18-20
access time of the Web server. Also to verify
whether the webmaster is currently logged in.
4. Program to display a digital clock which 21
displays the current time of the server.
5. Program to display the current contents of the 22-23
table in a database.
6. Program, to insert new name and age 24-25
information entered by the user into the
database.
7. Program to query the data base and to display 26-27
the result on a webpage.
8. Program to accept book information viz. 28-31
Accession number, title, authors, edition and
publication from a webpage and to store those
 in a database.
9. Program to search a book for a title given by 32-34
the user on a webpage and display the search
results with proper headings
Develop and execute the following programs using HTML, JAVA Servlets.
10. a) Program to accept username and display 37-38
a greeting message.

b) Program to change the background color 39-40

of the page based on the color selected by
the user.
11. Program to display a greeting based on the 41-43
access time of the server.
12. Program to create and display a cookie. 44-46
13. Program to create a session and display 47-48
session information viz, session ID, creation
time and last accessed.
14. Program to request server information viz. 49-50
Request Method, URI, Protocol and Remote
address.
15. Program to accept Username and address 51-54
and display web pages parameter.
 Introduction
Web programming involves creating dynamic and interactive web applications.
It encompasses various technologies such as HTML for structure, CSS for
styling, JavaScript for interactivity, and server-side languages like PHP, Perl,
and Java. Here's a brief overview of the programs mentioned:
These web programming tasks provide a comprehensive approach to server
management, user interaction, and database manipulation using HTML,
PERL/PHP, MySQL, and Java Servlets. Programs like Server Information
Display and UNIX Command Execution focus on retrieving server details and
executing commands, enabling administrators to monitor and manage server
configurations. User Interaction Programs include greeting messages and visitor
counters, which enhance user engagement by providing personalized
experiences and tracking visitor counts. The Time-based Greeting and Login
Check program introduces dynamic responses based on the server access time,
while the Digital Clock Display offers real-time time tracking. The Database
Content Display and Insert Data programs demonstrate fundamental database
interactions, allowing users to view, add, and query data from MySQL
databases directly through a web interface. The Book Information Management
program exemplifies data collection and storage, a crucial feature for managing
library or inventory systems, while Search Book by Title facilitates data
retrieval by user-provided keywords.

The programs using Java Servlets extend functionality by incorporating

dynamic page customization, cookie management, and session handling. User
Interaction and Page Customization allows personalized greetings and enables
users to change the page's background color, showcasing the flexibility of Java
Servlets in client-side customization. Cookie Management and Session
Management programs illustrate the importance of user data retention and
stateful interactions, critical for maintaining seamless user experiences across
sessions. Request Server Information and User Information Display programs
demonstrate data retrieval methods for both server details and user input,
highlighting essential concepts in web client-server communication.
Collectively, these programs provide a practical overview of essential web
programming concepts, including server-side scripting, database management,
session tracking, and user interface customization, forming a strong foundation
for developing dynamic and interactive web applications.
1.a) Program to display various Server Information like Server Name,
Server Software, Server protocol, CGI Revision etc.
1a.html
<html>
<!-- path to perl file -->
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/1a.pl">
<center>
<input type=submit value=Show_Server_Info />
</center>
</form>
</html>
1a.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
#this is a here-document
print<<here;
Content-type:text/html\n\n
<html>
<center>
<table border=1>
<tr>
<th>ENV_VARIABLES</th><th>Value</th>
</tr>
here
#end of here document
#display values in a table
foreach $i(sort keys %ENV)
{
print "<tr><td>$i</td><td>$ENV{$i}</td></tr>";
}
print<<here
</table>
</center>
</html>";
here
Output
 1. b) Program to accept UNIX command from a HTML form and to
display the output of the command executed.
1b.html
<html>
<!-- path to perl file -->
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/1b.pl">
<!-- input command name -->
Command:<input type=text name=com>
<input type=submit value=submit />
</form>
</html>
1b.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use CGI':standard';
#the following line is used for displaying the output of the script in the browser
print "Content-type:text/html\n\n";
#take the input command from the browser and store in the variable
$c=param('com');
#process the command
system($c);
exit(0);
Output
 2. a) Program to accept the User Name and display a greeting message.
2a.html
<html>
<!-- path to perl file -->
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/6a.pl">
<center>
<!-- input -->
<h2>Enter your name:</h2>
<input type=text name=name />
<input type=submit value=submit />
</center>
</form>
</html>
2a.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
#load CGI standard routines
use CGI':standard';
#take input and store in local variable
$cmd=param('name');
#define various greeting messages
@greet=("Hello","Hai","Nice meeting you","Have a nice day");
#choose a message based on the length of the input
$index=int rand scalar @greet;
print<<here;
Content-type:text/html\n\n
<html>
 <center>
<h2>$cmd, $greet[$index]</h2>
</center>
</html>
here
?>
Output
2. b) Write a Perl program to keep track of the number of visitors visiting
the web page and to display this count of visitors, with proper headings.
2b.html
<html>
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/6b.pl">
<center>
<input type=submit value=Show_no_of_visitors />
</center>
</form>
</html>
2b.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
#load CGI standard routines
use CGI':standard';
print "Content-type:text/html\n\n";
#open a file called count.txt to store values of number of views
open(FILE,'<count.txt');
#contents of file are copied to the variable
$count=<FILE>;
close(FILE);
$count++;
#append the new incremented value to the beginning of the file
open(FILE,'>count.txt');
print FILE "$count";
print "This page has been viewed $count times";
Output
3. Program to display a greeting based on the access time of the Web
server. Also to verify whether the webmaster is currently logged in.
3.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/3.pl" method="post">
<center>
<input type="submit" value="Show Greeting" />
</center>
</form>
</html>
3.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use CGI ':standard';
use POSIX 'strftime';

# Print HTTP header

print header;

# Get the current server time in hours

my $hour = strftime("%H", localtime);

# Determine greeting based on time

my $greeting;
 if ($hour < 12) {
$greeting = "Good Morning!";
} elsif ($hour < 18) {
$greeting = "Good Afternoon!";
} else {
$greeting = "Good Evening!";
}

# Check if the webmaster (admin) is logged in

# This is a basic simulation. Adjust it according to your actual login
verification method.
# In a real scenario, you might check session or authentication data.
my $is_webmaster_logged_in = 1; # Set to 1 to simulate the
webmaster being logged in, or 0 otherwise.
my $login_status = $is_webmaster_logged_in ? "The webmaster is
currently logged in." : "The webmaster is not logged in.";

# Output HTML content

print start_html("Greeting and Login Check"),
h1("Greeting Based on Access Time"),
p($greeting),
h2("Webmaster Login Status"),
p($login_status),
end_html;
Output
 4. Program to display a digital clock which displays the current time of
the server.
4.html
<html>
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/4.pl">
<center>
<input type=submit value=Click_to_display_time>
</center>
</form>
</html>
4.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use CGI':standard';
#refresh the display every second
print "Refresh:1\n";
print "Content-type:text/html\n\n";
($s,$m,$h)=localtime(time);
print br "The current server time is $h:$m:$s";
print br "In words,the time is- $h hours, $m minutes and $s seconds";
Output
 5. Program to display the current contents of the table in a database.
5.html
<html>
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/5.pl">
Name:<input type=text name=name><br>
Age:<input type=text name=age><br>
<input type=submit value=submit />
</form>
</html>
5.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use CGI':standard';
#import database module
use DBI;
#take inputs and store in local variables
$nm=param('name');
$age=param('age');
#connect takes parameter driver_name:database_name
#this creates a database handle & stores it in $db
$db=DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:test");
#query
$str=("insert into info values('$nm',$age)");
#compiles the query and returns an object reference which is called statement
handle
$q=$db->prepare($str);
#execute the query using statement handle
$q->execute();
$q=$db->prepare("select * from info");
$q->execute();
print<<1;
Content-type:text/html\n\n
<html>
<table border=1>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
1
#obtain all the rows with matching patterns
while(($nm,$age)=$q->fetchrow()) {
print "<tr><td>$nm</td><td>$age</td></tr>";
}
print "</table></html>";
#release the statement handle & database handle
$db->disconnect;
$q->finish;
Output
 6. Program, to insert new name and age information entered by the user
into the database.
6.html
<html>
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/5.pl">
Name:<input type=text name=name><br>
Age:<input type=text name=age><br>
<input type=submit value=submit />
</form>
</html>
6.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use CGI':standard';
#import database module
use DBI;
#take inputs and store in local variables
$nm=param('name');
$age=param('age');
#connect takes parameter driver_name:database_name
#this creates a database handle & stores it in $db
$db=DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:test");
#query
$str=("insert into info values('$nm',$age)");
#compiles the query and returns an object reference which is called statement
handle
$q=$db->prepare($str);
#execute the query using statement handle
$q->execute();
$q=$db->prepare("select * from info");
$q->execute();
print<<1;
Content-type:text/html\n\n
<html>
<table border=1>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
1
#obtain all the rows with matching patterns
while(($nm,$age)=$q->fetchrow()) {
print "<tr><td>$nm</td><td>$age</td></tr>";
}
print "</table></html>";
#release the statement handle & database handle
$db->disconnect;
$q->finish;
Output
 7. Program to query the data base and to display the result on a
webpage.
7.html
<html>
<form action="http://localhost/cgi-bin/5.pl">
Name:<input type=text name=name><br>
Age:<input type=text name=age><br>
<input type=submit value=submit />
</form>
</html>
7.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use CGI':standard';
#import database module
use DBI;
#take inputs and store in local variables
$nm=param('name');
$age=param('age');
#connect takes parameter driver_name:database_name
#this creates a database handle & stores it in $db
$db=DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:test");
#query
$str=("insert into info values('$nm',$age)");
#compiles the query and returns an object reference which is called statement
handle
$q=$db->prepare($str);
#execute the query using statement handle
$q->execute();
$q=$db->prepare("select * from info");
$q->execute();
print<<1;
Content-type:text/html\n\n
<html>
<table border=1>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
1
#obtain all the rows with matching patterns
while(($nm,$age)=$q->fetchrow()) {
print "<tr><td>$nm</td><td>$age</td></tr>";
}
print "</table></html>";
#release the statement handle & database handle
$db->disconnect;
$q->finish;
Output
8. Program to accept book information viz. Accession number, title,
authors, edition and publication from a webpage and to store those in a
database.
8.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Book Information</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Enter Book Information</h1>
<form action="save_book.php" method="POST">
<label>Accession Number:</label>
<input type="text" name="accession_number"
required><br><br>

<label>Title:</label>
<input type="text" name="title" required><br><br>

<label>Author:</label>
<input type="text" name="author" required><br><br>

<label>Edition:</label>
<input type="text" name="edition" required><br><br>

<label>Publication:</label>
<input type="text" name="publication" required><br><br>

<input type="submit" value="Save Book">

</form>
</body>
</html>

save_book.php

<?php
// Database connection
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$dbname = "library";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,
$dbname);

// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// Get form data

$accession_number = $_POST['accession_number'];
$title = $_POST['title'];
$author = $_POST['author'];
$edition = $_POST['edition'];
$publication = $_POST['publication'];

// SQL query to insert data

$sql = "INSERT INTO books (accession_number, title, author,
edition, publication)
VALUES ('$accession_number', '$title', '$author', '$edition',
'$publication')";

if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "New book record created successfully";
}
else {
echo "Error: " . $sql . "<br>" . $conn->error;
}

$conn->close();
?>
 MySQL Database Table:

CREATE DATABASE library;

USE library;

CREATE TABLE books ( id INT(6) UNSIGNED

AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, accession_number
VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
author VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, edition VARCHAR(30) NOT
NULL, publication VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL );

Output

(on successful entry)

9. Program to search a book for a title given by the user on a webpage
and display the search results with proper headings.
9. html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Search Book</title></head>
<body>
<h1>search book by title</h1>
<form action="9.php" method="GET">
<label> Enter Book Title</label>
<input type="text" name="title" required><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="search">
</form>
</body>
</html>
9.php

9.php
<?php
$servername="localhost";
$username="root";
$password=" ";
$dbname="library";

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,

$dbname);

if($conn->connect_error){
die("connection failed:".$conn->connect_error);
}
$title=$_GET['title'];
 $sql="SELECT accession_number,title,author,edition,publication
FROM books where title LIKE %title%";
$result=$conn->query($sql);

if($result->num_rows>0){
echo "<h2>Search Results</h2>";
echo "<table border='1'><tr><th>Accession
Number</th><th>Title</th><th>Author</th><th>Edition</th><th>Public
ation</th></tr>";
while($row=$result->fetch_assoc()){
echo
"<tr><td>".$row["accession_number"]."</td><td>".$row["title"]."</td><t
d>".$row["author"]."</td><td>".$row["edition"]."</td><td>".$row["publi
cation"]."</td></tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else{
echo "No books found with title '$title'";
}
$conn->close();
?>

Output
 (on success)

(on fail)
10. a) Program to accept username and display a greeting message.
index.html

<html>
<body>
<h2>Enter Your Username</h2>
<form action="GreetingServlet" method="GET">
Username: <input type="text" name="username">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

GreetingServlet.java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/GreetingServlet")
public class GreetingServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");

response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<html><body>");
out.println("<h1>Hello, " + username + "! Welcome to our
website.</h1>");
out.println("</body></html>");
 }
}
Output:
10b) Program to change the background colour of the page based on the
colour selected by the user.
color.html

<html>
<head>
<title>Select Color</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Select a Background Color</h2>
<form action="ColorServlet" method="GET">
<label for="color">Choose a color:</label>
<select id="color" name="color">
<option value="red">Red</option>
<option value="blue">Blue</option>
<option value="green">Green</option>
<option value="yellow">Yellow</option>
</select>
<input type="submit" value="Apply">
</form>
</body>
</html>

ColorServlet.java

package com.example;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ColorServlet extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,

 HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
IOException {
String color = request.getParameter("color");

response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<html><body style='background-color:" + color +
"'>");
out.println("<h1>The background color is " + color + "</h1>");
out.println("</body></html>");
}
}
Output:
11. Program to display a greeting based on the access time of the server.
Index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Greeting Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to the Greeting Page</h1>
<form action="GreetingTimeServlet" method="get">
<button type="submit">Get Greeting</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>

TimeBasedGreetingServlet.java
package com.example;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class GreetingTimeServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

LocalTime now = LocalTime.now();

String greeting;

if (now.isBefore(LocalTime.NOON)) {
 greeting = "Good Morning!";
} else if (now.isBefore(LocalTime.of(18, 0))) {
greeting = "Good Afternoon!";
} else {
greeting = "Good Evening!";
}

out.println("<html><body>");
out.println("<h1>" + greeting + "</h1>");
out.println("</body></html>");
}
}
Output:
12. Program to create and display a cookie.

cookie.html

<html>
<head>
<title>Cookie Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Enter Your Favorite Language</h2>
<form action="CookieServlet" method="POST">
<label for="lang">Favorite Programming Language:</label>
<input type="text" id="lang" name="lang">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

CookieServlet.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/CookieServlet")
public class CookieServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
IOException {
String lang = request.getParameter("lang");
 Cookie cookie = new Cookie("language", lang);
cookie.setMaxAge(60 * 60 * 24); // 1 day expiry
response.addCookie(cookie);
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<html><body>");
out.println("<h1>Favorite Language Cookie Created: " + lang +
"</h1>");
out.println("</body></html>");
}
}

Output:
13. Program to create a session and display session information viz, session
ID, creation time and last accessed.

Sessioninfo.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Session Information</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Check Session Information</h2>
<form action="SessionInfoServlet" method="get">
<input type="submit" value="Get Session Info">
</form>
</body>
</html>

SessionInfoServlet.java

package com.example;

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.util.Date;

public class SessionInfoServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String sessionId = session.getId();
Date creationTime = new Date(session.getCreationTime());
Date lastAccessTime = new Date(session.getLastAccessedTime());

out.println("<html><body>");
out.println("<h2>Session Information</h2>");
out.println("<p>Session ID: " + sessionId + "</p>");
 out.println("<p>Creation Time: " + creationTime + "</p>");
out.println("<p>Last Accessed Time: " + lastAccessTime + "</p>");
out.println("</body></html>");
}
}
Output:
14. Program to request server information viz. Request Method, URI,
Protocol and Remote address

serverinfo.html

<html>
<head>
<title>Server Information</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Check Server Information</h2>
<form action="ServerInfoServlet" method="get">
<input type="submit" value="Get Server Info">
</form>
</body>
</html>

ServerInfoServlet.java

package com.example;
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class ServerInfoServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

String method = request.getMethod();

String uri = request.getRequestURI();
String protocol = request.getProtocol();
String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
 out.println("<html><body>");
out.println("<h2>Server Information</h2>");
out.println("<p>Request Method: " + method + "</p>");
out.println("<p>Request URI: " + uri + "</p>");
out.println("<p>Protocol: " + protocol + "</p>");
out.println("<p>Remote Address: " + remoteAddr + "</p>");
out.println("</body></html>");
}
}
Output:
15.Program to accept Username and Address and display the webpage by
passing parameters

userinfo.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Submit User Info</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Enter your details</h2>
<form action="UserInfoServlet" method="post">
<label for="username">Username:</label>
<input type="text" id="username"
name="username"><br><br>

<label for="address">Address:</label>
<input type="text" id="address" name="address"><br><br>

<input type="submit" value="Submit">

</form>
</body>
</html>

UserInfoServlet.java

package com.example;
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class UserInfoServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {

// Retrieve parameters from the HTML form

String username = request.getParameter("username");
 String address = request.getParameter("address");

// Set response content type

response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

// Display user info on the webpage

out.println("<html><body>");
out.println("<h2>User Information</h2>");
out.println("<p>Username: " + username + "</p>");
out.println("<p>Address: " + address + "</p>");
out.println("</body></html>");
}
}
Output:
display_query.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use DBI;
use CGI qw(:standard);

# Database connection parameters

my $dsn = "DBI:mysql:database=yourdbname;host=localhost";
my $db_user = 'root';
my $db_password = 'password';

# Connect to the database

my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $db_user, $db_password, {
RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1 })
or die "Couldn't connect to database: " . DBI->errstr;

# Prepare the SQL query

my $sth = $dbh->prepare("SELECT accession_number, title, author,
edition FROM books");
$sth->execute();

# Output HTML content

print header, start_html("Query Result"), h1("Book Information");

# Display the query result

print "<table border='1'><tr><th>Accession
Number</th><th>Title</th><th>Author</th><th>Edition</th></tr>
";
while (my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array) {
print
"<tr><td>$row[0]</td><td>$row[1]</td><td>$row[2]</td><td>$ro
w[3]</td></tr>";
}
print "</table>";
 # End the HTML page
print end_html;

# Clean up
$sth->finish();
$dbh->disconnect();

Output: