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COS202 Lecture 3b

The document provides a lecture on Java arrays, including practical examples for calculating averages, finding maximum values, and entering elements at runtime. It also introduces multidimensional arrays and demonstrates how to access and loop through them using both nested and for-each loops. An assignment is included, requiring students to write a Java program to print numbers in a 4 by 3 matrix.

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2 views4 pages

COS202 Lecture 3b

The document provides a lecture on Java arrays, including practical examples for calculating averages, finding maximum values, and entering elements at runtime. It also introduces multidimensional arrays and demonstrates how to access and loop through them using both nested and for-each loops. An assignment is included, requiring students to write a Java program to print numbers in a 4 by 3 matrix.

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wwwtope947
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ACHIEVERS UNIVERSITY, OWO

COLLEGE OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES


DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
COS 202 – COMPUTER PROGRAMMING II – 3 UNITS

LECTURER IN CHARGE - MR. ADEPOJU, S. E.

LECTURE 3

JAVA ARRAY
Continuation
To demonstrate a practical example of using arrays, let's create a program that calculates the
average of different scores.
Example 3.5
1​ public class Main {
2​ public static void main(String[] args) {
3
4​ int[] scores = {45, 21, 63, 56, 70, 18, 57, 82};
5​
6​ float avg, sum = 0;
7
8​ int arrayLength = scores.length;
9​
10​ for (int score : scores) {
11​ sum += score;
12​ }
13​
14​ avg = sum / arrayLength;
15​ System.out.println("The average score is: " + avg);
16​
17​ }
18​ }

In example 3.6, we create a program that finds the maximum age among different ages.
Example 3.6
1​ public class Main {
2​ public static void main(String[] args) {
3
4​ int[] ages = {17, 50, 22, 35, 65, 18, 43, 38};
5​
6​ int arrayLength = ages.length;
7
8​ int maxAge = ages[0];
9​
10​ for (int age : ages) {
11​ if (age >= maxAge) {
12​ maxAge = age;
13​ }
14​ }
15​
16​ System.out.println("The maximum age in the array is: " + maxAge);
17​ }
18​ }

In order to enter elements into an array at runtime, example 3.7 shows the size of elements that
can be entered into the array and also display the result.
Example 3.7
1​ import java.util.Scanner;
2
3​ public class Main {
4​ public static void main(String[] args) {
5​ int[] numbers = new int[3]; ​ ​ ​ // Array to hold 3 integers
6​ Scanner myInput = new Scanner(System.in);
7​
8​ // Taking input
9​ System.out.println("Enter 3 numbers:");
10​ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
11​ numbers[i] = myInput.nextInt();
12​ }
13​
14​ // Displaying the array elements
15​ System.out.println("You entered:");
16​ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
17​ System.out.println(numbers[i]);
18​ }
19​
20​ myInput.close();
21​ }
22​ }

Multidimensional Array
A multidimensional array is an array of arrays. Multidimensional arrays are useful when you
want to store data as a tabular form, like a table with rows and columns. To create a
two-dimensional array, add each array within its own set of curly braces.
Syntax
​ dataType[][] variableName = { {value0, … valuek}, { value0, … valuek } };
To access the elements of the variableName array, specify two indexes: one for the array, and
one for the element inside that array. Example 3.8 accesses the third element [2] in the second
array [1] of justNum:
Example 3.8
1​ public class Main {
2​ public static void main(String[] args) {
3
4​ int[][] justNum = {{3, 8, 11, 4, 15, 0} {5, 12, 1, 6}};
5​
6​ System.out.println(justNum[1][2]);
7​ }
8​ }

Loop through a multidimensional array


You can use a nested for-loop to get the elements of a two-dimensional array (we still have to
point to the two indexes)
Example 3.9
1​ public class Main {
2​ public static void main(String[] args) {
3
4​ int[][] justNum = {{3, 8, 11, 4, 15, 0} {5, 12, 1, 6}};
5​
6​ for (int i = 0; i < justNum.length; ++i) {
7​ for (int j = 0; j < justNum [i].length; ++j) {
8​ System.out.println(justNum [i][j]);
9​ }
10​ }
11​ }
12​ }

Or you could just use a for-each loop, which is considered easier to read and write as shown in
example 3.10.
Example 3.10
1​ public class Main {
2​ public static void main(String[] args) {
3
4​ int[][] justNum = {{3, 8, 11, 4, 15, 0} {5, 12, 1, 6}};
5​
6​ for (int[] row : justNum) {
7​ for (int i : row) {
8​ System.out.println(i);
9​ }
10​ }
11​ }
12​ }
ASSIGNMENT
Using a nested for loop statement, write a Java program to print numbers in a 4 by 3 matrix

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