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Import Excel

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling

The example demonstrates the import of a symmetrical network model using the Excel Import interface.

The example covers the following use cases and illustrates stepwise:

 Import of data for a basic network model that supports power flow (module PF), operating point (module LP) and short circuit (module SC) calculations as well as the
thermal destruction analysis (module TDA) in the short circuit mode.

 Import to extend the network model with additional equipment to demonstrate the stepwise ("layered") creation of a network model in case multiple sources provide
data in sequential order that need to be imported over time

 Import to extend the network model with a protection system containing several protection devices and functionalities as well as with measuring devices to enable the
protection simulation (modules OC and SZ), protection security assessment (module PSA), thermal destruction analysis (module TDA) in the protection mode. In
addition, the load assignment (module LA) is applicable.

 Updating the network model with load data, measurement values and equipment states (on/off)

The Excel Import functionality offers two modes, the import of new equipment as network elements or the update of parameters of existing network elements.

The following steps show the workflow for stepwise import of the network model and its update. In addition, the specific preparation and execution of the referenced modules
is explained.

The network model shown is based on the publication of CIGRE Task Force C6.04.02: "Benchmark Systems for Network Integration of Renewable and Distributed Energy
Resources", 2014. Small adaptations as the default switch state (open ring operation) as well as added assumptions for the thermal short circuit current limits of the equipment
are implemented.

The chapter Excel Import contains the documentation of all functions and.

Network model

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel

The network model (Example Imp Excel) is provided with the installation package of PSS SINCAL and can be used to follow this sample documentation.

Note: The network model contains no equipment in the beginning.

Import Data - Step 1

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel

The provided tabular data for equipment and the basic network structure (busbars, lines, loads) and their graphic data are imported in step 1.

Initial Import of the network model

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

At first, the network model Example Imp Excel is opened.

File - Import - Excel... starts the import workflow in the user interface via.

Note: Dependent on the installed version of Excel an additional software component (ACE drives) is necessary to handle 32bit Excel installations. The download
link is listed in+ the documentation.

Data files and configurations for the import are provided in the network model directory Example Imp Excel files/ Import-Data/

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Data file: data_1_import.xlsx

The tabular data (Excel sheet „Line") can be opened to control and edit the input file before importing using the button.

The different sheets contain the equipment data as well as the graphic data. The structure of the data to be imported in tables follows the relation data model of PSS SINCAL.

Order and name of the parameters contained by the columns of each table is flexible and bound to the network model attributes by the configuration.

The necessary colunns for an identification are shaded in grey in the workbook for this example.

Configuration file: conf_1_import.xml

Next leads to the configuration step. Now the configuration can be analyzed and adapted. The configuration file is already prepared for the input, no changes are necessary.

Next leads to the general Import Options.

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In the first step, no options need to be activated. The test of the configuration starts with Test Import.

Afterwards the import starts clicking on Finish.

Network model and network graphic

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

The network model has been imported and is visualized.

Besides the basic modelling of the equipment the following properties of the network model (extending or deviating from the benchmark model in a few aspects) are
mentioned:

Network Graphic:

 Two separate views, View 1 and View 2.

 Assignment of graphic elements to graphic layers and object types is configurable in the import, however not shown here to reduce complexity.

Note: The example shows the import of colors and line properties for graphic elements. This is not required as else the default settings Extras - Options - View -
Default (Import Options, ...) apply.

Network Elements:

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 Three switches with parameters for short circuit rating as the attributes: remote control, normal open

 Two different load modelling approaches: Loads and customer loads with customer data.

 Operating points for loads L4 - L9

 Transformer taps for T1

Workspace

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

Depending on the configuration of the user interface, the settings and visualization options the import of a workspace after the import of data to avoids manual configuration
efforts.

The import of a workspace is performed via File - Import - Workspace...

The example provides a preconfigured workspace in the network model directory Example Imp Excel_files/_Import-Workspace/

Workspace: Example Imp Excel - Workspace.xml

All settings are activated and imported by OK.

The import adapts the following settings:

 Annotation and Filters: Shown parameter, units, shown digits of the texts in the network graphic

 Settings, e.g., for the views

 Tabular View: Shown columns and their order

 Calculation parameter: relevant for the next steps which execute calculations and simulations directly without necessary configuration

Calculate Power Flow (PF)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

The power flow calculation does not need further configuration and is started with Calculate - Power Flow - Standard.

Note: The result view provides a pre-configured result compilation including filters for the power flow result evaluation.

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Calculate Operating Points (LP)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

Besides the power flow calculation based on the input data as well different operating points have been imported in this step.

The calculation of the network state for the operating points in is possible without further settings or adaptions with Calculate - Power Flow - Operating Points.

In case a specific operating point shall be considered in the default power flow, this is activated in the calculation settings with Consider Operating Point.

Calculate Short Circuit (SC)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

The calculation of the 3-phase short circuit needs no additional calculation parameters to be set and is started via Calculate - Short Circuit ... - 3-phase short circuit - OK.

Perform Thermal Destruction Analysis (TDA)

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Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 1

The calculation of the Thermal Destruction Analysis uses the preset parameters of the network model can is started via Calculate - Thermal Destruction Analysis....

Note: Based on the short circuit calculations potential thermal destruction is detected. After the import of the protection system in the next steps, its function with
respect to shorter clearing time will be considered in the analysis.

The detailed documentation for the Thermal Destruction Analysis is provided within the example for TDA and in the module documentation for TDA.

Import Data - Step 2

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel

Step 2 imports decentralized energy resources to the network model to demonstrate how the extension with additional equipment can be performed independently from step 1.

Note: Steps 1 and 2 can be combined by keeping all data in one workbook and using a configuration covering both sets.

Extend the network model by import (1)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 2

The import follows the same workflow as described in step 1 using the following files:

Data file: data_2_extend_equipment.xlsx

Configuration file: conf_2_extend_equipment.xml

After the import, the added network elements can be analyzed in more detail:

Network Elements:

 Converters to represent decentralized energy resources based on inverters (like PV)

 Synchronous machines to represent (decentralized) energy resources with direct coupling (like CHP)

 Using the Establishment Date Ti (to model the date of planned commissioning) of one of the converters. It will not be considered as long as the date of calculation is set
to be before. Future equipment (network elements) is colorized in a different manner.

Calculate Power Flow (PF), Short-Circuit (SC) and Thermal Destruction Analysis (TDA)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 2

After the extension of the network model the following calculation modules are executed again (without changes in the settings) to study the impact of the additional energy
resources for the system.

 Power Flow via Calculate - Power Flow - Standard. The power balance changes according to the infeed. The network model provides an additional graphical layer
containing a supplementary graphical text element with a direct query on the power balance to visualize that directly in the network graphic.

 3-phase short circuit via Calculate - Short Circuit ... - 3-phase short circuit - OK > Note: Only one converter shows a short-circuit contribution to reduce model
complexity in this example. A standard short circuit calculation according to IEC 60909/2016 needs an adaption of the modelling of the other converters as well.

 View Date: Not all network elements are in service for the initial set View Date and Time. The Calculation Setting for View Date and Time sets the date and time for
the base case. If this is set for example to 2035 and the calculation is repeated afterwards, the converter is considered as well in the respective method.

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Import Data - Step 3

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel

Step 3 extends the network model with the following aspects

 Measuring devices

 Models of the protection system components

to enable the protection security assessment (PSA) and the related the protection coordination (OC and SZ) function as well as the load assignment (LA).

Extending the network model by import (2)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 3

The import follows the same workflow as described in step 1 using the following files:

Data file: data_3_extend_prot_meas.xlsx

Configuration file: conf_3_extend_prot_meas.xml

After the import, the additional imported network elements, and additional elements (as the measuring and protection devices) are shown in the network graphic and can be
used within further modules.

Calculate Load Assignment (LA)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 3

Besides the power flow based on the fixed power values for the individual loads (after import of measuring devices and values) the automatic load assignment can be
activated in the power flow. Participating load power values are then adapted automatically to fulfill the power balance of the measurement values at the measuring device
terminals.

The following extension have therefore been imported:

 Three Measuring Devices (at a load, a transformer in the substation and along a line within a feeder)

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 The „Participation" flags of the Loads and Converters have already been imported in step 1

The adaption of power values during power flow is activated with the Calculation Setting - Common - Network Model - Extended Network Model - Consider Load
Assignment.

Afterwards the power flow is started with Calculate - Power Flow - Standard.

For example, Load L12 shows, that not the input power is used but it has been reduced to match the power balance at the measuring device with its value.

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Perform Protection Security Assessment (PSA)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 3

The network model contains measurement equipment and protection devices with distinct functions after the import:

 CTs, VTs

 OC, DI, DIFF and Voltage protection functions

 Interlock

Note: The differential protection (DIFF) is modelled based on the simplified approach (independently from the equipment rating).

Note: The distance protection (DI) uses only current based pickup in the example.

The holistic check of the functionality of the protection system can be performed directly with the protection analysis (as part of the protection security assessment).

The workflow is started via Calculate - Protection Coordination - Protection Analysis. The parameters are pre-configured, Next, and OK runs the simulation and analysis.

Results are presented in the network graphic and the result view.

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Note: The parameter settings of the protection functions in the example are chosen to support the analysis of different switching configurations of the network
model (can be changed using Edit - Switch mode or switching with the context menu function at a switch element).

The detailed documentation for the Protection Analysis is provided within the example for PSA and in the module documentation of PSA.

Perform Protection Simulations (OC, SZ)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 3

The execution of specific protection (sequence) simulations can be started out of the fault location matrix of the result view using Calculate in the context menu.

As an alternative or for more detailed studies, a fault observation can be placed in the model.

Using Insert - Insert Mode - Fault Observation those can be inserted manually in the network graphic clicking on the respective network element (in this sample in the
middle along a line) or node.

The simulation is started with Calculate - Protection Coordination - Protection Simulation - Short Circuit ....

Results are shown at the protection devices in the network graphic.

The detailed documentation for the Protection Simulation is provided within the example for protection simulation and in the module documentation for protection simulation.

For the distance protection devices, the protection route calculation is offered. It is started (in the example in the left feeder at device B1_L1_2DI with a right click in the
context menu on Calculation at Device - Protection Route Calculation.

Results are presented in the network graphic and the result browser.

The detailed documentation for the Protection Simulation is provided within the example for protection routes and in the function documentation for the protection routes.

Perform Thermal Destruction Analysis (TDA)

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Import Data - Step 3

The calculation of the Thermal Destruction Analysis is repeated now choosing the Calculation Mode "Protection".

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Update Data

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel

Besides the import of new or additional network elements as well the (regular) update of existing elements and their parameters is supported.

Update the network model

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Update Data

In contrast to the import mode, the update mode overwrites existing parameter values of existing network elements.

Note: A mixed mode is not offered - either new network elements / data is imported, or existing ones are updated. In case an Excel workbook shall be used for
both use cases, this is possible using different configurations (and adequate import options).

The update uses following files:

Data file: data_4_update_attributes.xlsx

Configuration file: conf_3_import.xml

Next leads to the Import Options.

To update, the option Update data only for existing network elements is activated.

It is recommended to activate Extended messages for import as well.

The identification of existing network elements in the example is demonstrated in three ways:

 Using the name, the connection node and network level for the loads

 Using the MRID (unique ID) of the measuring devices

 Using the name of the protection devices / functions

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To use the identification based on MRIG, activate Use Master Resource IDs.

The update is evaluated with Test Import before starting it.

Finish starts the import (in this case the update).

The following updates are performed (according to the data and the configuration):

 Update power values of loads

 Update power / current values of measuring devices

 Update of selected protection settings

 Set a line out of service

Calculation Methods

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Update Data

All calculations and simulations shown so far can now be repeated with the update settings.

Repeat the steps of the sections before to do so.

Station Modelling and Feeder determination

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel - Update Data

The feeder determination is activated with Tools - Feeder and the determination is started in the network browser. This is supported as the (simplified) station model for the
primary substation has been imported with step 1.

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The creation of a station graphic is possible in the Insert - Substation dialogue.

API-Functions

Examples Electric Networks - Power System Modeling - Import Excel

The Import can be configured and executed using the API of the user interface.

Note: A sample script ImportExcel.py is provided in the directory PSS Files/Samples Auto.

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