Unit 1: Conditional Statements and Looping
What is an 'if' statement in Python?
Used to check a condition. If it's true, the code inside runs.
Example:
if x > 0:
print("Positive")
What is an 'if-else' statement?
Checks a condition. Runs one block if true, another if false.
Example:
if x > 0:
print("Positive")
else:
print("Not Positive")
What is an 'elif' statement?
Stands for 'else if'. Used for multiple conditions.
Example:
if x > 0:
print("Positive")
elif x == 0:
print("Zero")
else:
print("Negative")
What is a nested if statement?
An if inside another if block.
Example:
if x >= 0:
if x == 0:
print("Zero")
What is a while loop?
Repeats code while the condition is true.
Example:
i=1
while i <= 5:
print(i)
i += 1
What is a for loop?
Used to loop over a sequence.
Example:
for i in range(5):
print(i)
What does 'break' do?
Exits the loop immediately.
Example:
for i in range(5):
if i == 3:
break
What does 'continue' do?
Skips current loop iteration.
Example:
for i in range(5):
if i == 2:
continue
What is a nested loop?
A loop inside another loop.
Example:
for i in range(2):
for j in range(2):
print(i, j)
Unit 2: Strings and Functions
What is a string in Python?
A string is a sequence of characters in quotes. Example: "Hello" or 'Python'
What is string slicing?
Accessing parts of a string using indexes. Example: s[0:3]
What are string functions?
Built-in methods like upper(), lower(), find(), replace().
Example: 'hello'.upper() returns 'HELLO'
What is a function?
A reusable block of code. Defined using def.
Example:
def greet():
print("Hi")
What are built-in functions?
Functions already provided by Python. Example: print(), len(), type()
What are user-defined functions?
Functions created by the user using def keyword.
What is the difference between return and print?
return sends back a value; print just displays it on screen.
What is function argument?
Input passed to a function. Example:
def add(a, b):
return a + b
Unit 3: Lists, Tuples, Sets, Dictionaries
What is a list?
A collection of ordered, changeable items. Written in []. Example: [1, 2, 3]
What is a tuple?
An ordered, unchangeable collection. Written in (). Example: (1, 2, 3)
What is a set?
An unordered, unique items collection. Written in {}. Example: {1, 2, 3}
What is a dictionary?
A collection of key-value pairs. Example: {'name': 'John', 'age': 25}
What are list functions?
append(), remove(), sort(), etc. Example: mylist.append(4)
What are tuple functions?
count(), index(). Example: mytuple.count(2)
What are set functions?
add(), remove(), union(), intersection()
What are dictionary functions?
get(), keys(), values(), update(). Example: mydict.get('name')
Unit 4: Object Oriented Programming
What is Object-Oriented Programming?
A way to structure code using classes and objects.
What is a class?
A blueprint for creating objects.
Example:
class Dog:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
What is an object?
An instance of a class. Example: d = Dog('Tommy')
What is the __init__ method?
The constructor that runs when an object is created.
What are self and attributes?
'self' refers to the instance. Attributes are variables inside the class.
What are methods in a class?
Functions defined inside a class. They usually take self as first argument.
What is inheritance?
When a class takes properties from another class.
Example:
class Animal:
class Dog(Animal):
