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Python Dictionaries Sets

The document provides an overview of Python dictionaries and sets, detailing their definitions and various functions and methods. It includes examples for key operations such as adding, removing, and retrieving elements in both data structures. Additionally, it explains how to perform set operations like union, intersection, and subset checks.

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4 views2 pages

Python Dictionaries Sets

The document provides an overview of Python dictionaries and sets, detailing their definitions and various functions and methods. It includes examples for key operations such as adding, removing, and retrieving elements in both data structures. Additionally, it explains how to perform set operations like union, intersection, and subset checks.

Uploaded by

aanachoudhary8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Dictionaries and Sets - Functions and Methods

Dictionaries in Python
A dictionary is a collection of key-value pairs. It is defined using {}.
dict.keys()
Returns all the keys in the dictionary.
Example: student.keys()
dict.values()
Returns all the values in the dictionary.
Example: student.values()
dict.items()
Returns key-value pairs as tuples.
Example: student.items()
dict.get(key)
Returns the value for the given key.
Example: student.get("name")
dict.update(new_dict)
Updates the dictionary with another dictionary.
Example: student.update({"marks": 90})
dict.pop(key)
Removes a key and returns its value.
Example: student.pop("age")
dict.popitem()
Removes the last key-value pair.
Example: student.popitem()
dict.clear()
Removes all items from the dictionary.
Example: student.clear()

Examples:
student = {"name": "John", "age": 16, "marks": 85}
print(student.keys()) # dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'marks'])
print(student.values()) # dict_values(['John', 16, 85])
print(student.items()) # dict_items([('name', 'John'), ('age', 16), ('marks', 85)])
Sets in Python
A set is a collection of unique elements. It is defined using {}.
set.add(value)
Adds an element to the set.
Example: numbers.add(5)
set.remove(value)
Removes an element from the set.
Example: numbers.remove(3)
set.discard(value)
Removes an element (no error if missing).
Example: numbers.discard(7)
set.pop()
Removes a random element.
Example: numbers.pop()
set.clear()
Removes all elements from the set.
Example: numbers.clear()
set.union(set2)
Returns a new set with elements from both sets.
Example: A.union(B)
set.intersection(set2)
Returns common elements in both sets.
Example: A.intersection(B)
set.difference(set2)
Returns elements in the first set but not in the second.
Example: A.difference(B)
set.issubset(set2)
Checks if the first set is a subset of the second.
Example: A.issubset(B)
set.issuperset(set2)
Checks if the first set is a superset of the second.
Example: A.issuperset(B)

Examples:
numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4}
numbers.add(5)
print(numbers) # {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
print(numbers.union({6, 7})) # {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
print(numbers.intersection({3, 4, 5})) # {3, 4, 5}

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