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Seismic Acquisition & Processing Reservoir Geophysics, Multi-Physics

This document discusses key challenges in seismic acquisition and processing, reservoir geophysics, and multi-physics geophysics. It summarizes trends toward acquiring more and different types of geophysical data simultaneously and processing data automatically. A major challenge is improving vertical resolution for reservoir modeling by developing new methods to deploy sources and sensors closer to the reservoir. This involves changes in data analysis techniques and sensor technologies. Integrating multiple geophysical data types through joint inversion is also discussed as an important area of work.

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Djibril Idé Alpha
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224 views32 pages

Seismic Acquisition & Processing Reservoir Geophysics, Multi-Physics

This document discusses key challenges in seismic acquisition and processing, reservoir geophysics, and multi-physics geophysics. It summarizes trends toward acquiring more and different types of geophysical data simultaneously and processing data automatically. A major challenge is improving vertical resolution for reservoir modeling by developing new methods to deploy sources and sensors closer to the reservoir. This involves changes in data analysis techniques and sensor technologies. Integrating multiple geophysical data types through joint inversion is also discussed as an important area of work.

Uploaded by

Djibril Idé Alpha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Seismic Acquisition & Processing Reservoir Geophysics, Multi-Physics

Panos G. Kelamis EXPEC Advanced Research Center - Geophysics Technology

EXPEC ARC Focus Areas


EXPEC ARC Focus Areas Seismic Advanced
Acquisition & Near Surface Depth Processing Imaging Reservoir Quality Basin Modeling & Simulation* Fluid and Migration & Productivity Carbon Storage

Reservoir Geophysics

Non-Seismic

Reservoir Architecture

Productivity Advanced Tight Gas Enhancement Completions

Multiphase Metering

Artificial lift

Smart Fluids

Extended Slim Hole Reach Drilling Drilling

Advanced Drilling Drilling Fluids Components

Alternative Cutting Methods

Parallel Reservoir Simulation

Basin Modeling & Simulation*


Deep Diagnostics

Advanced Scientific Computing


Pore-scale Physics

Massive Real Time Visualization Simulation

EOR

In-situ Sensing

Smart Waterflood

Trends in Data Acquisition & Processing


More Data
Proper 3D Sampling
Wide-Azimuth, Rich-Azimuth Receiver domain 500,000 channels Shot domain Blended Seismics Monitoring Repetitive Surveys
A-20 A-33 A-48 A-65

More Data of Different Types


10 m

100 m

5 m

Seismic, EM, Gravity


Integration Joint Inversion Multi-Physics

30 m

80 m 117 m

35 m

400 m

Seismic Value Chain

Acquisition
Challenges Huge amounts of data Data Integration Seismic Electromagnetics Gravity

Processing

Interpretation

Time
manage

Automation
Cost

Quality

Acquisition: Conventional Sources


Acquisition Time

Acquisition: Simultaneous Sources


Acquisition Time

Acquisition: Simultaneous Sources


Blended Data Deblended Data

Acquisition: Simultaneous Sources

Faults

Structure

Depth

Conv Sources

Sim Sources

Processing: Key Challenges


Near Surface Description Multiples Advanced Imaging

Automation

Velocity Analysis

Interpretation

Near-Surface: Challenges

Near-Surface: Challenges

Processing: Near-Surface Description


First Arrival Picking

Manual picker

Autopicker

Processing: Near-Surface Description


First Arrival Picking

2009

2010

Manual picking of 7% of the data (800 km2 - 2 months)

Automatic picking of 100% of the data (800 km2 - 3 days)

Processing: Near-Surface Description


First Arrival Picking

2009

2010

Manual picking of 7% of the data (800 km2 - 2 months)

Automatic picking of 100% of the data (800 km2 - 3 days)

Land Internal Multiples: ISS


Stack

Luo et al, 2011

Land Internal Multiples: ISS


Primaries

Luo et al, 2011

Land Internal Multiples: ISS


Multiples

Luo et al, 2011

Processing: Automatic Velocity Analysis


Manual Picking Manual Velocity 1 km x 1 km grid

Automated Velocity 25m x 25m grid

For 800 km2 from 8k manual to 1bil automatic picks @ 20x

Processing: Automatic Velocity Analysis


Automatic Velocity Analysis
Manual Velocity Analysis

Imaging: Full Waveform Inversion


Automatic - data driven velocity depth model generation and imaging

Km/sec Depth (km)

After 320 iterations

Depth (km)

Interpretation: 3D Automatic Flattening

GeoTime Time

Time Horizon slice

Interpretation: 3D Automatic Flattening


Before After

Reservoir Geophysics: Challenges


Key Issue: Vertical Resolution
Reservoir Simulation (Building Models) Current Practice Interpolate between the wells, use geostatistics

Target-Vision High resolution direct measurements between wells (Seismic, EM, Gravity)
Higher vertical resolution at reservoir level High-fidelity data to extract reservoir properties (porosity, saturation, fractures) Geophysics-based reservoir monitoring

Reservoir Geophysics: Challenges


Near surface creates noise & kills signal

S
Near surface

R S R

99% Noise

Signal

Proximity of Geophysics Impacts Resolution


Seismic
Surface geophysics
low fidelity

Exploration

Development
Bury receivers in shallow subsurface

Bury receivers and sources in deeper subsurface

Reservoir applications

Sources and receivers in a single borehole Deep diagnostics (sensing around wells)

Logging
Logging
high fidelity

Surface

Proximity to reservoir

Near

High

Resolution

Low

Reservoir Geophysics: Challenges


Buried Seismic Experiment: Paradigm Shift

New methods of data analysis


(joint inversion, integration, FWI)

Cheap drilling
(multilateral, coil tubing, jet, laser)

Technology development

Sensor/Source deployment
(U-shaped, coil tubing, drill pipe)

Smart sensors
(MEMS, fiber-optic, MAS)

Slim seismic sources


(redeployable, permanent)

Multi-Physics Technology

Bouguer anomaly (CBA_160)

3698

3618

3538

3458

3378

3298

3218

3138

3058

2978

2898

2818

2738

2658

2578

2498

2418

2338
-47.000 -47.500 -48.000 -48.500 -49.000 -49.500

Low-density
Stations CBA_160

-50.000 -50.500 -51.000

CBA (mGal)

High-density

Electromagnetics, Precision Gravity & Seismic

TIME LAPSE

2010

2012

Multi-Physics Technology
Near surface: Seismic & Gravity
Bouguer anomaly (CBA_160)

3698

3618

3538

3458

3378

3298

3218

3138

3058

2978

2898

2818

2738

2658

2578

2498

2418

Gravity anomaly (Bouguer)

2338
-47.000 -47.500 -48.000 -48.500 -49.000 -49.500 -50.000 -50.500 -51.000

Stations CBA_160

CBA (mGal)

Low-density feature

Seismic

Seismic & Gravity

Multi-Physics Technology
Near surface: Seismic & EM
Magnetotelluric resistivity section
Low-density feature

Saudi Aramco Seismic-EM Joint Inversion Industry standard inversion

Multi-Physics Technology
Conventional Inversion
EM (MT, CSEM) Seismic Gradiometry

Inversion Resistivity Model

Inversion

Inversion

Velocity Model

Density Model

Conventional Multi-Geophysics Interpretation

Multi-Physics Technology
Simultaneous Joint Inversion
EM (MT, CSEM) Seismic Gradiometry

Joint Inversion

Velocity Model

Interpretation consistent with all available data

In SummaryKey Challenges in Geophysics


Automation
Data Acquisition Data Processing & Interpretation

Reservoir Geophysics
Bringing Geophysics closer to Reservoir

Buried Sources/Receivers
New Paradigms in Data Processing

A-20

A-33

A-48

A-65

Multi-Physics
Seismic, EM, Gravity Data Fusion - Inversion

100 m

5 m

10 m 30 m

80 m 117 m

35 m

400 m

Integration Simultaneous Joint Inversion

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