P425/1

PURE MATHEMATICS
MAY 2025

UGANDA ADVANCED CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION

SET 10

Paper 1

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
➢ Answer all the eight questions in section A
and only five questions in section B.
➢ Any additional question(s) will not be
marked.
➢ All working must be shown clearly.
➢ Graph paper is provided.
➢ Silent non-programmable scientific
calculators and mathematical tables with a
list of formulae may be used.
➢ Clearly indicate the questions you have
attempted on the answer scripts as
illustrated, DO NOT hand in the question
paper.

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1
 SECTION A (40 MARKS)

1. Given that a = log5 35 and b = log9 35 , show that log5 21 = 1 (2ab − 2b + a ) .

2b
(5 marks)

2. Solve the inequality: x − 2  3 2 x + 1 . (5 marks)

1 5 4
3. Prove that: tan −1 − cos ec −1 = cos −1 . (5 marks)
2 2 5

1 1
4. Expand up to the term in x 2 and by letting x = , show that
1+ x 4
256
5 . (5 marks)
115
5.

A, B, C and P are four points such

that 3AP = 2AB + AC , show that B, P and C are collinear and that P is the

point of trisection of the line BC . (5 marks)

−x
Given that y = e x − e − x , show that d 2y + 2 y dy = 0 .
x 2
6. (5 marks)
e +e dx dx

7. Find the volume of the solid generated by rotating the area bounded by the
1
curve y = cos x from x = 0 to x =  about the x − axis.
2
(5 marks)

dy
8. Solve the d.e given cos x − 2 y sin x = 1 . (5 marks)
dx

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2
 SECTION B: (60 MARKS)
10

Evaluate the coefficient of x in the expansion of  x + 2  . (5marks)

2
9a)
 x 

n
1 3 2n + 1
b) Prove by Mathematical induction that: r
r=2
2
= −
− 1 4 2n(n + 1)
.

(7 marks)

3
10a) Prove the identity: cos6 x + sin 6 x = 1 − sin 2 2 x . (6marks)
4

b) Solve the equation: 4 sin 2 x + 8 cot 2 x = 5 cos ec 2 x for 0  x  2 . (6marks)

4 + 3x − x 2
11. Sketch the curve y = , clearly find the nature of the turning
x −8
points and state their asymptotes. (12marks)

 5  5
12a) The points P 5 p,  and Q 5q,  lie on the rectangular hyperbola
 p  q
xy = 25 . Find the equation of the tangent at P and hence deduce the
equation of the tangent at Q .
b) The tangents at P and Q meet at point N , show that the coordinates of N
 10 pq 10 
are  ,  , hence find the locus of N given that pq = − 1 .
 p+q p+q
(12marks)

13a) Given that z(5 + 5i ) = a(1 + 3i ) + b(2 − i ) where a and b are real numbers and

that arg z = and z = 7 , find the values of a and b . (6marks)
2

b) Describe the locus of the complex number z when it moves in the argand
 z −3  
diagram such that arg  = . (6 marks)
 z − 2i  4

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 


3
14a) Evaluate: 0
x sin 3x dx (6 marks)

4 1
 cos ec x dx = In3
3
b) Prove that: (6 marks)
2

15a) Find the point of intersection between the plane r . (2i − j + k ) = 4 and the

line passing through the point (3, 1, 2) and is perpendicular to this plane.

(5 marks)

b) Find the perpendicular distance of the point (4, − 3, 10) to the line

x −1 z−3
=2− y= . (7 marks)
3 2

16. A liquid is being heated in an oven maintained at a constant temperature of

180o C . It is assumed that the rate of increase in the temperature of the
liquid is proportional to (180 −  ) , where  o C is the temperature of the
liquid at time t minutes . If the temperature of the liquid rises from 0 o C to
120o C in 5 minutes , find the temperature of the liquid after a further
5 minutes . (12marks)

SET 10 MARKING GUIDE 2025

1. a = log5 35 = log5 (5  7 ) = 1 + log5 7 , log5 7 = a − 1

log5 35 a a
b = log9 35 = = , log5 3 =
log5 9 2 log5 3 2b

log5 21 = log5 7 + log5 3 = a − 1 +

a
=
1
(2ab − 2b + a )
2b 2b
2. ( )
(x − 2)2  9(2x + 1)2 , x 2 − 4 x + 4  9 4 x 2 + 4 x + 1 , 7 x 2 + 8 x + 1  0
(7 x + 1)(x + 1)  0

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 1 1
x  − 1 −1  x  − x−
7 7
(7 x + 1) − − + solution
(x + 1) − + +
sign + − +
1
−1  x  −
7
3. 1 5 1 5
Let tan −1 = A , cos ec −1 = B thus tan A = and cos ecB = ,
2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1
sin A = , cos A = , sin B = , cos B =
5 5 5 5
A − B = cos (cos( A − B ))
−1

A − B = cos−1 (cos A cos B + sin A sin B )

 2 1 1 2   4
A − B = cos−1   +   A − B = cos−1   as required.
 5 5 5 5 5
4.   1  1  
  −  − − 1 
  1  x 2 + . . .
= (1 + x ) 2 = 1 +  −  x + 
1 −
1
2  2

1+ x   2 2! 
 
x 3
= 1 − + x2 + . . .
2 8
2
1 1  1  1   3  1 
For x = ,  1 −    +   
4 1  2  4   8  4 
1+
4
4 115 2 115 256
  ,  , so 5 
5 128 5 128 115
5. and AP = AC + CP
AP = AB + BP
But 2AP = 2AB + 2BP ...(i) and AP = AC + CP ...(ii)
So eqn(i) + eqn(ii), 3AP = 2AB + 2BP + AC + CP
 2BP = − CP = PC thus, BP is parallel to PC and P is the common
point so B, P and C are collinear and P is the point of
trisection of the line BC .
dy (e x + e − x )(e x + e − x ) − (e x − e − x )(e x − e − x ) dy (e x + e − x ) (e x − e − x )
2 2
6.
= , = −
dx (e x + e − x )2 dx (e x + e − x )2 (e x + e − x )2
2
dy d2y
=1 − y2 , 2
dy
= − 2y , so d 2y + 2 y dy = 0
dx dx dx dx dx
7.

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  1
V =   cos2 x dx
0 2
 
x + sin x0

V=  (1 + cos x ) dx V=
2 0 2
 2
V= (( + sin  ) − (0)) V= cubic units
2 2
8. dy
cos x − 2 y sin x = 1
dx
dy
− 2 y tan x = sec x
dx
I .F R = e −2  tan x dx = e 2 In cos x = cos2 x

So,
d
dx
( )
y cos2 x = cos2 x .
1
cos x
thus d (y cos2 x ) = cos x .dx
y cos x = sin x + c ,
2

thus y = tan x sec x + c sec2 x

9a)  2
r

Cr (x )  2  = Ax , A = C r 2 , and (x)
10 − r 10 − r − 2 r
10 10 r
= x1
x 
 10 − 3r = 1 , thus r = 3
10  9  8  7! 3
A = 10C3 23 =  2 = 960
7!  3  2  1
b) 1 1 1 1 3 2n + 1
+ + + ... + 2 = −
3 8 15 n − 1 4 2n(n + 1)
1 1 1 1 3 2n + 1
+ + + ... + 2 = −
3 8 15 n − 1 4 2n(n + 1)
1 3 5 1
For n = 2 , L.H.S = = − = = R.H.S For n = 3 ,
3 4 12 3
11 3 7 11
L.H.S = = − = = R.H.S
24 4 24 24
1 1 1 1 3 2k + 1
For n = k , we have + + + . . . + 2 = −
3 8 15 k − 1 4 2k (k + 1)
For n = k + 1 , the L.H.S is
1 1 1 1 1
+ + + ... + 2 +
3 8 15 k − 1 (k + 1)2 − 1
3 2k + 1 1
= − +
4 2k (k + 1) (k + 1)2 − 1
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 3 2k + 1 1
= − +
4 2k (k + 1) k (k + 2)
3 1  2k 2 + 5k + 2 − 2k − 2 
= −  
4 k  2(k + 1)(k + 2) 
3 1  2k 2 + 3k 
= −  
4 k  2(k + 1)(k + 2)
3  2k + 3 
= − which is true for n = k + 1 for the
4  2(k + 1)(k + 2)
R.H.S, therefore if its true for n = 2, 3, . . . , n = k , n = k + 1
then the proof holds for all n  2 .
cos6 x + sin 6 x = (cos2 x ) + (sin 2 x )
3 3
10a)
= (cos2 x + sin 2 x )(cos4 x − cos2 x sin 2 x + sin 4 x )
= (cos4 x + sin 4 x − cos2 x sin 2 x )
(
= (cos2 x + sin 2 x ) − 2 cos2 x sin 2 x − cos2 x sin 2 x
2
)
(
= 1 − 3 cos2 x sin 2 x )
2
1  3
= 1 − 3 sin 2 x  = 1 − sin 2 2 x
2  4
2
b) 8 cos x 5
4 sin 2 x + 2
=
sin x sin 2 x
4 sin 4 x + 8(1 − sin 2 x ) = 5 , 4 sin 4 x − 8 sin 2 x + 3 = 0 ,
4 sin 4 x − 2 sin 2 x − 6 sin 2 x + 3 = 0
2 sin 2 x(2 sin 2 x − 1) − 3(2 sin 2 x − 1) = 0
(2 sin 2 x − 3)(2 sin 2 x − 1) = 0
sin 2 x = (Discarded)
3
2
1 1  3 4 7
sin 2 x = , sin x =  , x= , , ,
2 2 4 4 3 4
11. −x−5
x − 8 − x 2 + 3x + 4
− x 2 + 8x
4 + 3x − x 2
− 36
y= , − 5x + 4 y=− x−5+
x −8 x −8
− 5 x + 40
− 36

Intercepts: x = 0, y = − so  0, − 
1 1
2  2
y = 0 , 4 + 3x − x 2 = 0 , x 2 − 3x − 4 = 0 , (x − 4)(x + 1) = 0 , x = 4, x = − 1 ,
so, (4, 0) and (− 1, 0) .
Vertical asymptotes: As y →  , x → 8 , so x = 8
As x →  , y → − x − 5 , so y = − x − 5 is the slanting asymptote.
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 y = − x − 5 + − 36(x − 8) .
−1

= − 1 + 36(x − 8) = − 1 +
dy −2 36 36
for t.p − 1 + =0
dx ( x − 8) 2
(x − 8)2
(x − 8)2 = 36 , (x − 8) =  6 , x = 14, x = 2
x = 2 , y = − 1 so (2, − 1) min , x = 14 , y = − 25 so (14, − 25) max
L x=2 R L x = 14 R
Sign of − + + −
dy
dx

Region table
x  −1 −1  x  4 4 x8 x8
4 + 3x − x 2
− + − −
x −1 − − − +
y + − + −

12a) 25 dy 25  5  dy 25 1
y= , = − 2 at P 5 p,  , =− 2
=− 2
x dx x  p  dx 25 p p
5
y−
p 1
Equation of the tangent is =− 2
x − 5p p
p 2 y − 5 p = − x + 5 p , x + p 2 y = 10 p hence equation of
tangent at Q is x + q 2 y = 10q .
b) x + p 2 y = 10 p …(i) x + q 2 y = 10q …(ii)

( p 2 − q 2 )y = 10( p − q ) , y = ( p10+ (qp)(−p q−)q ) = ( p10+ q )

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 10 p 2 10 p 2 + 10 pq − 10 p 2 10 pq
x = 10 p − = =
( p + q) ( p + q) ( p + q)
 10 pq 10 
Thus N  , 
 p+q p+q
x
= pq = − 1 , thus locus is x + y = 0
y
13a)   
z = 7 cos + i sin  = 7i
 2 2
7i(5 + 5i ) = a(1 + 3i ) + b(2 − i )
− 35 + 35i = (a + 2b) + i(3a − b)
a + 2b = − 35 …(i) 3a − b = 35 …(ii)
6a − 2b = 70 a = 5 and b = − 20
b)  z −3   
arg  = . arg( z − 3) − arg( z − 2i ) = , for z = x + iy ,
 z − 2i  4 4

arg(( x − 3) + iy ) − arg( x + i ( y − 2 )) =
4
 y   y − 2 
tan −1   − tan −1  = , let
 x − 3  x  4
 y   y − 2
tan −1   = A, tan −1  =B
 x − 3  x 
y y−2
−
 x−3
tan ( A − B ) = tan = 1 , thus
x
=1
4  y  y − 2 
1 +   
 x − 3  x 
xy − xy + 2 x + 3 y − 6 x 2 − 3x + y 2 − 2 y
= ,
x(x − 3) x(x − 3)
x 2 + y 2 − 5x − 5 y + 6 = 0
5 5
(x − 52 )2 + ( y − 52 )2 = 264 , thus the locus is a circle with the centre  , 
2 2
26
and radius units.
2
14a)  u = x, dv
= sin 3x

3 dx
x sin 3x dx
0 du
dx
= 1, v = − 13 cos 3x


 x  3  1
 x sin 3x dx = − cos 3x −  3 − cos 3x dx
3
0
 3 0 0 3
 
 x  3 1  3
= − cos 3x  −  sin 3x
 3 0 9 0
  1 1  
= −  cos − 0  −  sin  − sin 0  =
9  9 9  9

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 4 1 x 2t
b)
 Let sin = , t = tan 14 x, dt = 14 sec2 14 xdx
3
dx
sin x 2 1+ t 2
2
3 1 4dt x= 4
, t =1
1  2t  . 1 + t 2
3

x = , t = 3
 
2 
1 + t 
2
31

1 t
dt = 2Int 1
3
( )
2 In 3 − In1 = In3

15a) Cartesian equation of plane is 2 x − y + z = 4

Parametric equations are, x = 3 + 2t , y = 1 − t , z = 2 + t
Thus 2(3 + 2t ) − (1 − t ) + (2 + t ) = 4 , 6 + 4t − 1 + t + 2 + t = 4 , 6t = − 3 ,
1
t=−
2
, z = so point is  2, ,  or 2i + j + k
3 3 3 3 3 3
x = 2, y =
2 2  2 2 2 2
b) If N (x, y, z ) is the foot of the perpendicular from the point
x −1 z−3
P(4, − 3, 10) to the line =2− y= , then the parametric
3 2
equation of N : x = 1 + 3k , y = 2 − k , z = 3 + 2k
3
 
The direction vector d =  − 1 , PN . d = 0
2
 
 x−4  3 
   
 y + 3  .  − 1 = 0 , 3 x − 12 − y − 3 + 2 z − 20 = 0 , 3 x − y + 2 z = 35
 z − 10   2 
   
3(1 + 3k ) − (2 − k ) + 2(3 + 2k ) = 35 , 3 + 9k − 2 + k + 6 + 4k = 35 , k = 2
 3 
 
So x = 7, y = 0, z = 7 , PN =  3  , thus,
 − 3
 
PN = 32 + 32 + (− 3) = 3 3 units
2

ALT
Given the point P(4, − 3, 10) and A(1, 2, 3) is a point on the line, the
3
 
direction vector d =  − 1
2
 
AP  d
Distance D = ,
d
i j k
AP  d = 3 − 5 7 = (− 10 + 7 )i − (6 − 21)j + (− 3 + 15)k
3 −1 2

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 AP  d = − 3i + 15j + 12k , AP  d = (− 3)2 + 152 + 122 = 3 42

3 42
D= = 3 3 units
14
16. d
The rate of increase in the temperature of the liquid is
dt
d
 = k (180 −  ) , where k is constant
dt
1
Re-arranging,  180 −  d =  kdt 
−1
 180 −  d = −  kdt
Thus for   180, In (180 −  ) = −kt + c
 180 −  = e − kt + c writing e c = A
we get  = 180 − Ae − kt
let t = 0 when  = 0 ; thus 0 = 180 − A
  = 180(1 − e − kt )
Since  = 120 when t = 5 , then 120 = 180(1 − e −5k )
i.e e −5k = 13
Hence when t = 10 ,  = 180(1 − e −10k )
= 180(1 − e −5k  )
2

= 180(1 − 13 ) = 160

2

Thus the temperature of the liquid after a further 5 minutes is 160oC.

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