An array in Java is a collection of elements of the same type, stored in contiguous memory locations and indexed starting from zero. The document explains how to declare, instantiate, and initialize an array, along with an example program that finds the maximum number in an array. Additionally, it describes Java Strings, their creation methods, and the difference between using string literals and the new keyword.
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Array in Java
An array in Java is a collection of elements of the same type, stored in contiguous memory locations and indexed starting from zero. The document explains how to declare, instantiate, and initialize an array, along with an example program that finds the maximum number in an array. Additionally, it describes Java Strings, their creation methods, and the difference between using string literals and the new keyword.
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Array in Java:
Array is a collection of elements of same type. For example an int
array contains integer elements and a String array contains String elements.
The elements of Array are stored in contiguous locations in the
memory. Arrays in Java are based on zero-based index system, which means the first element is at index 0.
This is how an array looks like:
int number[] = new int[10]
Declaration, Instantiation and Initialization of Array in Java
This is how we declare, instantiate and initialize an array. I have covered this in separate tutorial as well: Declaration and initialization of an Array.
//int []a = {23,20,10,11,18}; Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter size of an array"); int []a=new int [sc.nextInt()]; int size = a.length; for(int i=0;i<size;i++) { System.out.println("Enter elements in an array"); a[i] = sc.nextInt(); } int max = a[0]; for(int i=0;i<size;i++) { if(a[i]>max) { max=a[i]; } } System.out.println("Enter maxno in an array =>"+max);
} }
Java Strings:
In Java, a String is the type of object that can store a sequence of
characters enclosed by double quotes, and every character is stored in 16 bits. A string acts the same as an array of characters. Java provides a robust and flexible API for handling strings, allowing for various operations such as concatenation, comparison, and manipulation.
Ways of Creating a Java String
There are two ways to create a string in Java: String Literal Using new Keyword
1. String literal (Static Memory) To make Java more memory efficient (because no new objects are created if it exists already in the string constant pool).
Example:
String demoString = “GeeksforGeeks”;
2. Using new keyword (Heap Memory)
String s = new String(“Welcome”);
In such a case, JVM will create a new string object in normal
(non-pool) heap memory and the literal “Welcome” will be placed in the string constant pool. The variable s will refer to the object in the heap (non-pool)