Document Object Model DOM
Document Object Model DOM
1. Introduction
The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for web documents. It represents the
structure of a document (usually HTML or XML) as a tree of objects, allowing programming languages
like JavaScript to interact with, modify, or manipulate the document dynamically.
In simple terms, the DOM connects web pages to scripts or programming languages by providing a
structured representation of the page elements and exposing them as objects that can be modified
through code.
2. Explanation of DOM
The DOM treats every part of a document-elements, attributes, text, comments-as a node in a
hierarchical tree structure. Through the DOM, developers can:
It is platform- and language-independent, although most commonly used with JavaScript in web
development.
The DOM represents a document as a tree of nodes, also called the DOM tree. Each node in this tree
is an object representing a part of the document.
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Document
■■■ html
■■■ head
■ ■■■ title → "Page Title"
■■■ body
Types of Nodes:
4. Types of DOM
A. Core DOM
- The Core DOM is a standard model for representing any structured document.
- Defines the base structure and common objects used across document types.
B. XML DOM
- Useful in applications like data exchange, configuration files, and web services.
C. HTML DOM
- A specialized form of the Core DOM for working with HTML documents.
5. Importance of DOM
- Enhanced interactivity: Create rich user interfaces (e.g., dynamic menus, live forms).
6. Conclusion
The Document Object Model is a fundamental concept in web development. It provides a structured and
accessible way to interact with web documents. Whether manipulating content, handling user events,
or creating dynamic interfaces, the DOM is essential for creating modern, interactive web
applications. Its tree-like structure and node-based design make it powerful and flexible for
developers.