SQL INTERVIEW BASED CONCEPTS
TOPIC 6 : FUNCTIONS
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS:
Used to perform calculations on multiple rows of data and return a single
summarized result.
1) Count()
Returns the number of rows that match a given condition
Query:
SELECT COUNT(*) AS TotalRecords FROM Employee;
2) SUM()
Calculates the total sum of a numeric column.
Query:
SELECT SUM(Salary) AS TotalSalary FROM Employee;
3) AVG()
Calculates the average of a numeric column.
Query:
SELECT AVG(Salary) AS AverageSalary FROM Employee;
4) MIN() and MAX()
SELECT MAX(Salary) AS HighestSalary FROM Employee;
SELECT MIN(Salary) AS LowestSalary FROM Employee;
For Date,Time,String functions content ,refer
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/sql-date-functions/
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS:
1)Find the Age when Date of birth is given
2)Concate firstname and lastname
SELECT CONCAT('John', ' ', 'Doe') AS FullName;
3) How do you extract the year from a date
SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM hire_date) AS hire_year FROM
employees;
4) How do you convert a date to display the month name
5) How do you get the first 3 letters of a name
SELECT SUBSTR(first_name, 1, 3) AS short_name FROM employees;
6) How do you change lowercase names to uppercase in a column
SELECT UPPER(first_name) FROM employees;
7) How do you find records created in the last 7 days
SELECT * FROM users
WHERE created_date >= SYSDATE - 7;
8) How do you get the length of a string
SELECT LENGTH(first_name) FROM employees;
9) How do you replace part of a string
SELECT REPLACE('abc123', '123', 'XYZ') FROM dual;
10) How do you get today's date without the time part
SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE) AS today_date FROM dual;