MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MGIT)

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN (B.Tech-ECE VI-Semester)

Unit-1
1. a). Define Embedded system? And compare embedded system with General purpose system.
b). Write short note on history of embedded systems.
2. Explain different applications of embedded systems with example.
3. Explain the classifications of embedded systems with examples.
4. Explain different purposes of embedded systems with suitable examples.
5. Explain different characteristics of embedded systems in detail.
6. What is operational quality attribute? And explain the important operational quality attributes
to be considered in any embedded system design?
7. What is non-operational quality attribute? And explain the important non-operational quality
attributes to be considered in any embedded system design?

Unit-2
1. Explain the components of typical embedded system in de tail.
2. Explain different core modules that can be used in embedded system design in detail.
3. Explain the difference between Microprocessors and Microcontrollers.
4. Explain the difference between
a). RISC and CISC
b). Harvard and von-Neumann processor/controller architectures.
c). Big-endian and Little-endian.
5. What is Programmable Logic Device (PLD)? What are the different types of PLDs explain in
detail? And what are the advantages of PLD’s over fixed logic device?
6. What are the different types of memories used for program storage in embedded system
design?
7. What are the different types RAM (Data) memories used in embedded system design?
8. a). What are the advantages of FLASH over other program storage memory in e mbedded
system design?
b). what is memory shadowing? What its advantage?
9. Explain the operation of SRAM& DRAM Cells? And list out merits and limitations of each.
10. How to choose memory for an embedded system? Explain.
11. write short note on Sensors and Actuators (LDR, Thermistor, Photo- Transistor, LED, Relay,
Stepper motor)
12. Explain about different on-board communication interfaces (SPI, I2C, and UART) in detail?
13. Explain the different external communication interfaces (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zig-bee and
USB) in detail?
 Unit-3
1. Explain the following (other system components)
a). Reset Circuit b).Brown out protection circuit.
c). Oscillator Unit. d). Real Time Clock e).Watchdog Timer
2. Write about the following Embedded Firmware Design Approaches. a). Super
loop/conventional procedural based design.
b). Embedded Operating System (OS) based design.
3. What are the different embedded firmware development languages? And explain in detail.
4. a). Explain advantages and limitations of Assembly Language Based embedded firmware
design. b). Explain advantages and limitations of High Level Language Based embedded
firmware design.
5. Give the examples for situations demanding mixing of assembly and high level language. And
explain techniques for mixing of assembly and high level languages.

Unit-4
1. What is an Operating System? Where it is used? And explain primary functions of it (OS).
2. Define Kernel Space and User Space? Explain about Monolithic and Microkernel.
3. Explain the difference between Hard& Soft real-time systems with examples.
4. Explain the difference between General Purpose Operating System (GPOS) & Real-Time
Operating System (RTOS) with examples.
5. Explain functions of Real Time Kernel (OS).
6. Define process in Operating System context? Draw and explain the structure and memory
organization of process.
7. Define process life cycle and Process Control Block (PCB). Draw and explain Process State
Diagram.
8. Define thread in Operating System context? And explain how multi threading concept
improves the system performance.
9. a). Explain the multiprocessing, multitasking concept and explain different types of
multitasking methods.
b). Explain Context Switching, Context Saving and Context Retrieval in multitasking.
10. What is task scheduling in OS context? Explain various factors to be considered for the
selection of scheduling criteria & Explain different queues associated with process scheduling.
11. Explain the different types of non-preemptive scheduling algorithms. List out merits and
demerits of each.
12. Explain the different types of preemptive scheduling algorithms. List out merits and demerits
of each.
13. Explain starvation in process scheduling context. Explain how starvation can be tackled.
 Unit-5
1. Explain message passing technique for inter process communication in detail.
2. Explain concept of shared memory in task communication.
3. Explain task communication/synchronization issues encountered in Inter Process
Communication (IPC) in detail.
4. Explain various task communication/synchronization methods.
5. What is priority inversion? What are different techniques adopted for handling priority
inversion?
6. What is the role of device driver? Explain architecture it (device driver) in an embedded
system.
7. Explain how to choose an operating system?