Module 3

Module 3
Creation of Healthy and caring relationships

➢ Building communication skills

➢ Friends and friendship – education
➢ The value of relationships and communication
➢ Relationships for Better or worsening of life
➢ Understanding of basic instincts of life (more than
biology)
➢ Changing health behaviours through social engineering
 Building communication skills
(Listening and speaking)
➢Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and
attitudes from one person to another.
➢It’s the process of meaningful interaction among human beings.
➢It means expression of thoughts and emotions through words and
actions
➢It’s a personal process
➢Occurs between people
➢Involves change in behaviour
➢Means to influence others
➢Tool for controlling and motivating people
➢It’s a social and emotional process
 The communication process

➢Sender : the person who conceptualizes the idea and wants it delivered to
the recipient
➢Encoding: the way the information is described or translated into a
message
➢Message: the idea, fact or opinion that the sender wants to communicate
➢Channel: the method of delivering the message
➢Noise or distraction: hinders successful communication.
➢Receiver: the target audience of the message
➢Decoding: the interpretation of the message
➢Feedback: the response or action a receiver takes after decoding the
message
 Goals of communication

➢To change behaviour

➢To get action
➢To ensure understanding
➢To persuade : to reinforce or change a belief about a topic
➢To get and give information : you are providing and receiving
information for use in decision making
Barriers of communication
➢Semantic barriers –
➢Language barriers,
➢poor quality or clarity of message,
➢poor communication skills
➢Organisational barrier – due to structure, rules and regulations in the
organisation like superior/subordinate relationships where free flow of
communication is not possible
➢Cultural barriers – a term that can be harmless in one culture may be
considered as a slang in another
➢Physical barriers –
➢faulty equipment,
➢noise,
➢cabins and closed doors
➢Pyschological and attitudinal barriers:
➢No interest in communication
➢Jumping to conclusions without waiting for the whole message
➢Inability to listen to others
➢Lack of transparency and trust
➢Fear of offending the other person by expressing your opinions
➢Feeling of discomfort to share opinions with other person
➢Gender barriers
➢Interpersonal barriers
 How to improve communications

➢the key to communication is UNDERSTANDING

➢understanding requires ACTIVE LISTENING
➢Speak up your thoughts and ideas
➢Try not to make assumptions
➢Practice self awareness especially during tough conversations
➢Don’t be accusatory when raising an issue
➢Be brief and clear
➢Eye contact
Friends and Friendship in Education
Friend – “a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection,
typically one exclusive of sexual or family relations”

➢Strong liking
➢Trust
➢Help
➢Support
➢Unconditional relationship
Friendship
➢Relationship of mutual affection between people.
➢Stronger form of interpersonal bond than an acquaintance or an
association, such as classmate, neighbour or colleague
➢Dyadic relationship – involves a series of interactions between two
individuals known to each other
➢Recognised by both members in relationship
➢Bond or tie of reciprocated affection
➢Non obligatory
 Characteristics of friendship
➢Egalitarian – all are equal in nature
➢Same power and same authority
➢Companionship
➢Shared activities
➢Emotional support
➢Self disclosure
➢Intimacy
Qualities of a true friend
➢Faithful
➢Sure anchor
➢Honest
➢Loves you for being yourself
➢Unconditional
➢Gives more than take
➢Compromise
➢Forgives without apology
➢Believe in you
➢Make time for you
➢Respect you
➢Thoughtful
➢Stick around you
Nature of friendship
➢It has 3 components
➢Enjoy each others company
➢Useful to each other
➢Share common commitment to the good

It’s a relationship built upon the whole person and aims at psychological
intimacy and freedom.
Friendship in education
➢Provide support and resources that can encourage or discourage
academic achievements
➢Positive sense of well being
➢Encourage learning and interpersonal skills
➢Promoting overall health
➢Development of social skills
➢Better Cooperation
➢Better Problem solving abilities
➢Better Communication
➢Better academic outcomes
 Communication is key to healthy relationships

➢Share feelings, opinions and expectations

➢Get to know each other
➢Avoid misunderstanding
➢Set clear expectations
How to improve communication in a relationship?
➢Talk about sensitive issues face to face, avoid texting
➢Be open and honest
➢Find right time, don’t be abusive or aggressive
➢Calm and relaxed conversations
➢Quiet and comfortable environment for conversations
➢Positive body language
➢Choose language carefully
The value of relationships and communication

Bad communication Good communication

➢ Belittling each other
➢ Openly giving cold ➢ Giving full attention
shoulder ➢ Giving space when needed
➢ Becoming defensive in ➢ Face to face communication
heated discussions ➢ Honesty and openness
➢ Faulty assumptions ➢ Never sleep over an argument
➢ Arguments never resolved ➢ Talk about little things in life
➢ No compromise
➢ Few attempts to connect
Relationships for Better or worsening of life
Satisfying relationships Unhelathy relationships
Makes us happy Stress

Long term health Loneliness

Enough sleep Irritable and retards progress in life

No addictions No trust and respect

Stronger heart Negative behaviours

Healthier brain No satisfactory life

Basic instincts of life – More than biology….

Three Basis instincts of Human Life

➢ Self-Preservance
➢ Sexual Instinct
➢Social Instinct
 Self-Preservance
Focused on enhancing and protecting
➢personal safety
➢security
➢comfort
Priorities:
➢ Physical well-being
➢ financial security
➢ mental health
Characteristics:
➢ self-sufficient
➢ disciplined
➢ devoted to self-improvement.
Example: Investing in the future.
Weaknesses: An unbalanced self-preservation instinct can lead to a
➢preoccupation with financial and other forms of security
➢obsessive relationship with diet and exercise.
 Sexual Instinct
Sexual instinct is the drive to extend into the environment and
through generations to come.
Priorities:
➢Intimacy
➢Connection
➢Excitement
Characteristics: The instinct drives them to create truly intimate
connections with those they love and to connect with love itself.
Weaknesses: Sexual types practice an exploratory approach to life that
can lead to a
➢lack of focus
➢Neediness
➢promiscuity
 Social Instinct
➢Social Instinct : Focused on creating and maintaining relationships to
build
➢sense of personal value
➢accomplishment
➢community
➢Priorities:
➢interpersonal relationships
➢group participation
➢Characteristics: Healthy social types typically
➢maintain many friendships
➢feel a strong sense of social responsibility
➢work to protect the group
➢Weaknesses: Social types may develop an antisocial “us against them”
attitude in an effort to determine who’s on their side.
Changing behaviours through social engineering
 Examples of social engineering
➢Wearing seat belts – active measure an individual undertakes
➢Opening of airbags – passive measures
➢Banning certain drugs like heroin and cocaine
➢Regulating the release of toxic wastes
➢Age restrictions for smoking and alcohol consumption – minimize
marketing of tobacco and alcohol
➢Providing purified water
➢Making legislations for better environment
➢Media can be used for making healthier food choices
➢Facilitating public places like park and encourage people to exercise
➢Provide cheaper organic foods, fruits and vegetables