1. What is BI?

Business intelligence is a technology-driven method. It helps you to

analyze data and to provide actionable information which helps corporate
executives, business managers, and other users to take decisive business
decisions.
2. What is a Power BI?
Power BI is a Business Intelligence and Data Visualization tool which helps
you to convert data from the various data source into interactive
dashboards and BI reports. It provides multiple software connectors and
services.
3. Why use Power BI?
Here are four primary reasons for using Power BI tool:
 Pre-built dashboards and reports for SaaS Solutions.
 Power BI allows real-time dashboard updates.
 Offers Secure and reliable connection to your data sources in the
cloud or on-premises
 Power BI offers fast deployment, hybrid configuration, and secure
environment.
 Helps you in data exploration using natural language query

4. What are the important components of Power BI?

Important components of Power BI are: 1) Data Integration, 2) Data
Processing, and 3) Data Presentation
5. What is Dax Function?
It is a formula expression language called (DAX) that can be used with
various visualization tools like Power BI. It is also known as a functional
language, where the full code is kept inside a function.
6. What are the data types of Dax?
Data types of Dax are: 1) Numeric, 2) Boolean, 3) DateTime, 4) String, and
5) Decimal.
7. What are the essential applications of the Power BI?
Power BI is mainly used by:
 PMO – Project Management Office
 Business & Data Analyst
 Developer & Database Administrator
 IT Team, IT Professional
 Consumer for End User Report
 Data Scientist
8. What are the drawbacks of using Power BI?
Here, are the main drawbacks of Power BI:
 Dashboards and reports only shared with users having identical
email domains.
 Power Bl does not mix imported data, which is accessed from real-
time connections.
 Power BI can’t accept file size larger than 1 GB.
 Dashboard does not accept or pass user, account, or other entity
parameters.
9. Name out three important Power BI tools
Three important power BI tool are:
 Power BI Desktop—It is used for desktop computers
 Power BI service—It is an online software as a service tool
 Mobile Power BI apps—They are used for iOS and Android devices.
10. What are the important components of the Power BI toolkit, and
what do they do?
 Power Query: It allows you to discover, access, and consolidate
information from different sources.
 Power Pivot: A modeling tool.
 Power View: It is a presentation tool for creating charts, tables, and
more.
 Power Map: Helps you to create geospatial representations of your
data.
 Power Q&A: Allows you to use natural language to get answers to
questions.
11. What types of data types are available in Power BI?
Important Data sources used in Power BI Desktop are:
 All
 File
 Database
 Power BI
 Azure
 Online Services
 Other
12. What is grouping? How can you use it?
Power BI Desktop allows you to group the data into small chunks. For
grouping, you should use Ctrl + click to select multiple elements in the
visual. Right-click one of those elements which appear in groups window.
13. Explain the term responsive slicers.
On a report page, you can easily resize a responsive slicer to various sizes
and shapes, and the data contained in it should be rearranged according to
it. In case if the visual becomes too small to be useful, an icon representing
the visual ability to take its place, thus saving the space on the report page.
14. Define the term ‘M language.”
It is a programming language used in Power Query. It’s a functional, case-
sensitive language which is similar to other programming languages and
easy to use.
15. What information is required to create a map in Power Map?
Power Map can display visualizations which are geographical in nature.
That’s why some kind of location data is needed, for example, city, state,
country or latitude and longitude.
16. What are the important features of Power BI dashboard?
 It allows you to drill through the page, bookmarks, and selection
pane.
 It allows you to create various tiles like web content, images, textbox,
and integrate URLs.
 Allows you to set report layout to mobile view.
17 What are the steps to go to Data Stories Gallery in Power Bi
communities?
Steps to go to Data Stories Gallery:
 First, open PowerBI.com in a favorite browser.
 By hovering on Learn
 Click on Community
 Scroll down little, and you will find Data Stories Gallery.
 Anyone can submit her or his Data Story as well.
18. Where incremental licensing refresh feature is accessible?
Incremental refresh feature mainly used for high-end scalability of data by
publishing only on that workspace in Power BI Service where Premium
capacity is needed.
19. How can you analyze Power BI reports data in excel?
You need to follow the below-given steps:
 Open Power BI Admin portal, go to tenant settings and select ->
Analyze.
 Check that Power BI Administrator has enabled Excel option or not.
 Then at the upper right corner, click settings to download and install
Excel updates.
 Next, go to the left-hand side navigation pane, go to the workspace,
click on the dataset, click on Eclipses (three dots) and select Analyze
in Excel.
 Download ODC file, save, and double click on it.
 After that needs to provide power BI user id and password.
20. What is Power Pivot, and what are the filter writes in Power BI?
Power Pivot is an in-memory component which offers highly compressed
data storage. It helps you to build a data model, creating formulas,
relationship, calculated columns from various resources.
Filters are applicable in:
 Visualization level
 Page Level
 Report Level
21. How can you perform Dynamic filtering in Power BI?
Dynamic Filtering in Power BI is done using the following steps:
 Once all the data are set up, publish a detail report to Power BI.
 Publish it to group workspace.
 Create a filter link
 Create a DAX calculated column.
 Public overview report
22. What is Power Pivot Data Model?
It is a model that contains data writes, tables, sections, and table relations.
These data tables help you to develop for holding data for a business
substance.
23. What is Power Query?
Power query is an ETL tool which helps you to clean, shape, and modify
data utilizing instinctive interfaces without doing anything.
24. Which programming language is used in Power Query?
M-code is a new programming language that is used in power query. It is
similar to other programming languages and easy to use.
25. List out benefits of using Variables in DAX.
Here, are benefits of using DAX function:
 By declaring and evaluating a variable, the variable can be reused
multiple times in a DAX expression, which helps you to avoid
additional queries of the source database.
 Variables can make DAX expressions more useful and logical.
 Variables is only scoped, which should be measure or query which
can’t be among measures.
25. What are Tiles in Power BI?
Tile is an important feature of power BI services and can be said as a
picture of the data which can be pinned to the dashboard.
26. What is on-premise gateway?
On-premise gateway acts as a bridge which helps you to transfer the data,
which is on-premise (not on the cloud) safely and securely.
27. Name two types of connectivity modes in Power BI?
Two types of connectivity modes used in Power BI are:
 Import
  Direct Query
28. Explain the term data alerts.
Alert works on data that is refreshed, Power BI looks for an alert, and it
reaches the alert threshold or the limit then the alter will be triggered.
29. What is the calculated column?
It is a calculating expression of DAX which allows calculation on data
stored in a new column.
30. What is query collapsing?
The process of converting the steps in power query editor to SQL and
executing it by the source database is called query collapsing.
31. Explain data source filter.
It is a parameter to filter the data into machines.
32. What is content packs?
These are pre-built solutions build for popular services as a major part of
the Power BI experience.
33. What are the types of filters available in Power BI Reports?
Important filters of Power BI reports are:
 Visual-level Filters
 Page-level Filters
 Report-level Filters
34. What is Bookmark?
Bookmark in Power BI helps you to capture the configured view of a report
page in a specific time. This includes filter and state of visual which can use
a short cut to come back to the report that you can add as a bookmark.
35. What are the advantages of using a variable in Power BI?
Variables help you to create more logical Queries and which should be
used for multiple DAX functions.
36. Why use selection pane in Power BI?
Selection Pane helps you to take control over visuals which require to be
displayed and which should not be displayed. It allows you to combine
multiple visual pages in the group and is also used in bookmarking.
37. How to handle Many to Many relationships in Power BI?
You can use Crossfiltering option in Power BI to address the Many to Many
relationships.
38. Explain x-velocity in memory.
It is the main engine which is used in power pivot. It allows you to load the
large set of data into Power BI data.
39. Explain the term Custom Visuals.
Graphs or visual which are not included in Power BI desktop are imported
for better visualization.
40. Is it possible to have created multiple active relationships in
Power BI?
No, we can’t set multiple active relationships in Power BI.
41. State the main difference between District() and Values() in DAX?
The only difference between two functions is that with District help you to
calculate the null values.
42. State the major differences between MAX and MAXA functions
If you want to calculate numeric values, then use MAX. However, if it is for
non numeric values, then you should use MAXA.
43. Is on-premise access possible in Power BI?
No, it is not possible to access Power BI services on private or internal
service cloud. However, by using Power BI desktop, you can connect with
the on-premises data sources.
44. What is the major difference between the old version and a new
version of Power BI tool?
The latest version has more robust features, and it is famous with the name
Power BI Desktop. This is an all in one solution for Power View, Power
Pivot, and Power Query in the backend. Power BI offers many add-ins for
Excel, which is useful for better visualizations.
45. Explain the term incremental refresh?
Increment refresh is a newly added data so that there is no need to
truncate or load the entire data.
46. Is the Power BI tool available for free?
You can access Power BI for free. However, if you wish to use all the
feature of Power BI, then you can use its pro subscription account. The
subscription account offers an enhanced version of several features that
are available with Power Bi free account.
47. What kind of data can you store in Power BI?
In Power BI, you can store mainly two types of data.
Fact Tables:
The central table in a star schema of a data warehouse is a fact table that
stores quantitative information for analysis, which is not normalized in most
cases.
Dimension Tables:
It is a table in the star schema which helps you to store attributes and
dimensions which describe objects that are stored in a fact table.
48. State the main difference between Filter and Slicer.
If you are using the normal filter user cannot interact with the dashboard.
On the other hand, slicer allows users to have an interaction with Reports
as well as Dashboards.
49. What is the Embed Code?
Power BI online contains an option for publishing on web that will generate
a link address for the Power BI report. You can share these links to others,
which is called embed code.
50. What are the method to hide and unhide a specific report in Power
BI?
To hide and unhide specific report, you have to go to selection Pane in the
menu bar, and press hides/unhide toggle button to bookmark.
51. How can you compare Target and Actual Value from a Power BI
report?
You need to use Gauge chart to compare two different measure.
52. Can you create multiple dynamic connections between two
tables?
No, we can’t create more that one multiple dynamic connections.
53. What is the use of Power BI designer?
Power BI Designer allows users to create intuitive reports and dashboards,
easily and quickly. It also helps users to change visual views of their data at
fingertips for better analytics and informed decision-making.
54. Can you refresh Power BI reports after they are published to the
cloud?
Yes, it is possible. Gateways can be used to do so.
 For SharePoint: Data Management Gateway
 For Powerbi.com: Power BI Personal Gateway
55. What is Custom Visuals?
Custom Vizual are those visual which are not available in BI desktop, which
are imported from the market for the purpose of better visualization.
56. What are the gateways that available in Power BI?
The two gateway method available in Power BI are:
 On-premises information door
 On- premises information door ( personal mode)
57. What is natural language search choice?
The natural language search choice is language-based learning for
communicating with information as a part of Power BI suite for Office 365
advertising.
58. Can you join two unique information source in the same Power BI
dashboard?
Yes, we can join two unique information source in the same Power Bi
dashboard. We can also merge comparable reports in your Power Bi
account into using single dashboard.
59. Why is TOP N not accessible for the Page and Report Level Filter?
ToP N is not accessible for the Page and Report Level Filters because their
channels are associated with different visuals.
60. Explain the collect function.
Collect function excludes null value. It does aggregate spatial values. You
can’t transform data to another format.
61. How can you differ COVAR and COVARP?
The main difference between the two is that: COVAR directly gives the
same co-variance, whereas COVARP is the population covariance.
62. How can you assign SSRS with Power BI?
Here are the steps to integrate SSRS with Power BI:
 SSRS Report Items like charts can be pinned to Power BI
dashboards.
 A subscription is created to keep the snapshot of data in dashboard
refreshed.
 Power BI reports will soon able to publish to SSRS portal.
63. Explain z-order in Power BI?
Z-order is a design strategy which is used for arranging visual over shapes.
It can be defined as an implementation method which can be applied
whenever reports have multiple elements.
64. What is the only prerequisite for connecting to a database in
Azure SQL Database?
The only prerequisite for before connecting to a database is that the user
need to configure firewall setting to allows remote connections.
65. Name out some important DAX functions used in Power BI.
Sum, Max, AVG, Distinct, Count, Calculate, Datediff are some important
widely used DAX functions.
66. What is X-speed in-memory investigation motor used for Power
Pivot?
The primary motto behind power turn is the x Velocity in-memory analytics
engine. It allows dealing with the various measures of information as it
stores data in the columnar database.
67. Name widely recognized information forming systems.
The most widely recognized information forming systems are:
 Removing columns and rows
 Adding indexes
 Applying for a sort order
68. What happens by clicking on a single information point in one of
the various visual in a report?
When you click on single information point data gets select and copied to
the clipboard. Moreover, the copied data can be pasted in any place
according to your requirement.
69. What is CORR function? When we use it?
CORR is a correlation function. It gives a correlation between two
variables. It mostly ranges from -1 to 1.
70. State the difference between Count and CounD function.
Count function returns to count, excluding NULL values whereas Countd
returns distinct values which exclude NULL values.
71. Explain DATEDD function in Power BI.
DATEDD function helps you to convert any input to a date format. This
input can number, string, or a data type input.
72. What does DATENAME function do?
DATENAME function shows the name of the specific part of the date that is
given.
73. What is the DATEPART function?
It returns date function as an integer. However, DATENAME function does
the same thing, except it returns the name of the part of the date.
74. What does DATEDIFF function do?
This function gives a difference between 2 dates based on the specified
Date part.
75. What is the use of ENDSWITH function?
ENDSWITH function helps you to return the logical result to the given
string. In case If the sub-string is available at the end of the sub string, then
it returns TRUE.
76. What is IFNULL function?
If the value is not NULL iFNULL function result is the first expression, if it is
not, then it will return the second expression.
77. What is the use of INDEX Function in Power BI?
INDEX function helps you to retrieve the index of the respective row.
78. What is the main difference between LTRIM and RTRIM?
LTRIM function helps you to remove the white space from the LEFT of the
string. RTRIM helps you to remove it from the right the last index.
79. What is the use of MID function?
MID function returns the string character from the specified index position.
80. How can you apply percentile function in Power BI?
PERCENTILE function allows you to returns the data value of the specific
percentile number.
81. What is the SIGN function?
Sign function returns the direction of the values. If it returns 1, if positive
then 1, if 0 then 0.
82. What is the use of statewith function?
This function returns the logical answers TRUE if the sub-string is the
starting string for the superstring. If it is not, it will return false.
83. What is the use of split function?
SPLIT function is used to split the string database on the given delimiter.
84. What is the need of signing up with business email?
Power BI is not supporting, the email address given by telecommunications
or consumer email service providers. Thus, there is need for signing up
with work email.
85. Name the market place where you can download the Power BI
mobile apps.
 App store
 Google Play
 Window Store
86. In which year Microsoft invented Power BI Embedded?
In, the year 2016 Microsoft discharged new administration which is named
as Power BI Embedded.
87. What area do you go to change and reshape data in Power BI?
Data Editing helps you to change and reshape data in Power BI.
88. Data Category settings should be used for mapping information to
geographic areas in Power BI?
Scope and Longitude (e.g. 47.6080, – 122.3351)
89. What do you use as a consolidate inquiry in Power BI?
Join Queries are used as a consolidate inquiries in Power BI
90. What is the option to unpivot data in the question proofreader?
Unpivot line is a choice to unpivot any data in the question proofreader.
91. What is the process to refresh Power BI reports when it is
uploaded into the cloud?
Power BI, reports can be refresh using Data management, gateway, and
Power BI Personal Gateway.
92. What visual would you need to use to show solitary esteem?
Disseminate Plat is a visual you should use to show solitary esteem.
93. Which of the following Power BI memberships allows you the right
permit to see Power BI content with the various Power BI
applications?
Power BI Premium P1 is an application which gives this type of solutions
for you.
94. Which field composes can be added to the Field well of a Slicer
visual?
Computing segments should be made with a DAX articulation.
95. What is the M dialect capacity to sort a segment in inquiry
supervisor?
The command for this purpose is Sort-> Table
96. Which Power in BI visual is ideal for estimating execution against
an objective?
Projectile Power Bi visual is most fitting for this purpose.
97. What context style is allowed by Power BI DAX?
Power BI DAX content style is both Row and Filter.
98. In, Power Bi, where do you discover the Q&A highlight?
You will get at the highest point of a report in the Power BI benefit.
99. How can you dynamically change the value measure to show
multiple measures?
You can do this by using harvesting measure and switch function.
100. What is self-service business intelligence?
Self-service Business Intelligence SSBI is a method to deal with data
investigation which empowers business clients to channel, fragment, and
break down their data, without top to the bottom specific information.
101. What is Power BI DAX style?
It is both Row and Filter Context
102. How can I purchase Power BI suite?
You can purchase Power BI licenses version directly from their
website www.powerbi.com.

Power BI Gateway?
Ans. Power BI Gateway is a software that is used to access data
situated in an on-premises network from the cloud. Gateways act
as a gatekeeper for the on-premises data source. If anyone needs
to access on-premises data from a cloud or web-based app, the
request goes through the gateway. All the connection requests
are attended by the gateway and access is granted based on the
user’s authentication and requirements.
Gateways do not transfer data from the on-premises source to
the client platform. It only connects that platform directly to the
on-premises data source for the clients to directly access data
from it. Gateways are used to facilitate connections between a
single data source or multiple data source to the on-premises
data source.

Bidirectional cross-filtering in Power BI?

Ans. The bidirectional cross-filtering feature enables a free flow
of filtering conditions between data tables. In Power BI, some
data models are simple, with a star schema type association.
Whereas some data models are complex having tables with many
to many relationships. Thus, by using the bidirectional cross-
filtering feature, a modeler can let the filtering conditions be
applied on both sides of a relationship or association. The filters
have a certain direction and can be applied to values in different
tables according to the relationship that the tables share with
each other. Bidirectional cross-filtering gives a lot of flexibility to
the data modelers to create models and apply filtering conditions
on data tables with many to many relationships.

Power Pivot

Power Pivot is an Excel add-in which is used to collect data from

multiple data sources, create datasets and use that data for
analysis and drawing insights for business and decision
making. We can perform a lot of activities in Power Pivot:
 Import millions of rows of data into a single Excel workbook.
 Create relationships between heterogeneous data tables and
rows.
 Create calculated columns and measures by using queries
and formula.
 Build PivotCharts and PivotTables.
The charts and tables created in Power Pivot can be used in
Power BI for further analysis and report making.

Query folding” in Power Query.

Ans. Query folding is the process of converting or translating the
code in Power Query Editor into SQL. Query folding is needed
when codes or queries are getting executed by the source
database instead of the client machine. This happens when there
are limited resources on the client machine. It also helps
in performance optimization and scaling.

What do you know about the transformation in Power

Query Editor?
Ans. The Power Query Editor enables us to import data from
multiple sources and transform it in many ways as per our
requirements. Some general data transformation practices in
Power Query Editor are:
 Change data types of columns.
 Rename columns.
 Replace values.
 Fix errors in Any Column group.
 Working with the nested data in Structured Column groups.
 Add custom columns, conditional columns, add measures, etc.
 Run R Queries directly on Power BI Query Editor by using
Run R Script function.

Why should we use SQL code in Power Query editor?

Ans. It is good to use SQL codes in Power Query editor along
with M-code when we need to explain complex logic or want to
add some additional processes in the query. SQL
statements simplify the M function and pass on a bug-free, an
easy-to-read query to the source database from the client
machine.

Why do we need Power Query when we already have

Power Pivot to import data?
Ans. Power Query is a self-service Excel add-in, which is used
to import data from different sources, transform or manipulate it
and then load it into Excel. It is a typical ETL tool which is loaded
with functionalities and tools to extract, transform and load data
from different kinds of data sources to create single datasets.
Whereas Power Pivot is also an Excel add-in, but it does not
focus on data transformation and preparation. Rather, Power
Pivot is more about loading data, creating data models and
visualizing the data to gain important business insights. In Power
Query, you can connect to many different data sources and
manipulate the data instantly before loading it to any other
platform.

What are the different types of data refreshes in Power

BI?
In Power BI, data of published reports can be refreshed in four
ways; Package refresh, Model refresh, Tile refresh, and Visual
container refresh.
 Package refresh – The package refresh will refresh the
report by updating the data from SharePoint Online or
OneDrive. Package refreshing does not refresh data from the
source but from its cloud location.
 Model or Data refresh – This type of refreshing refreshes
data in a report from its original data source. Model or data
refresh is done within the Power BI Service with the help of
gateway permission for on-premises data sources. This
method uses Refresh now, or Schedule refresh options.
 Tile refresh – Tile refresh refreshes the cache data of all the
tiles on a dashboard. It occurs in every 15 minutes
automatically. If it does not happen, we can select
the Refresh dashboard tiles option from
the ellipses(…) icon on the dashboard.
 Visual container refresh – This refresh refreshes the cache
of all the visuals containers of a Power BI report.

In what ways can you shape or organize data in Power BI?

Ans. There are three common data shaping techniques in Power

BI:
 Removing the columns and rows from a data table.
 Adding indexes for the data tables.
 Applying a Sort Order on the values of a data table.

How can we refresh Power BI reports after publishing

them to the cloud?
Ans. We can refresh the Power BI reports after they are
published on the cloud using gateways. If we want to refresh the
data of a report published on SharePoint, then Data Management
Gateway is used. And if the report is published on the Power BI
website then Power BI Personal Gateway is used for data
refreshing.

What are the prerequisites of installing a gateway in your

system?
The following requirements are necessary for installing a
gateway in our systems:

 .NET 4.5 Framework

 Windows 7 (64-bit version)/ Windows Server 2008 R2 or later
 8 core CPU
 8 GB memory
 Windows 2012 R2 (64-bit)