Two Marks Questions with Answers

Q.1 What is an exception? Give example.

Ans: Exception is a mechanism which is used for handling unusual situation that
may occur in the program. For example -

ArithmeticException: This exception is used to handle arithmetic exceptions such

as divide by zero,

IOException: This exception occurs when an illegal input/output operation is

performed.

Q.2 What will happen if an exception is not caught?

Ans. An uncaught exception results in invoking of the uncaughtException()

method. As a result eventually the program will terminate in which it is thrown.

Q.3 What is the benefit of exception handling?

Ans. When calling method encounters some error then the exception can be
thrown. This avoids crashing of the entire application abruptly.

Q.4 What is the difference between error and exception in java?

Ans. Errors are mainly caused by the environment in which an application is

running. For example, OutOfMemoryError happens there is shortage of memory.
Where as exceptions are mainly caused by the application itself. For example,
NullPointerException occurs when an application tries to access null object.

Q.5 What is compile time and run time error?

Ans;

1.The errors that are detected by the Java compiler during the compile time are
called compiler time errors.

2. The runtime errors are basically the logically errors that get caused due to wrong
logic.
Q.6 What is the use of try, catch keywords?

Ans. : try - A block of source code that is to be monitored for the exception.

catch - The catch block handles the specific type of exception along with the try
block.

Q.7 What is the difference between throw and throws?

Ans. :

1. The throw keyword is used to explicitly throw an exception.

2. The throws keyword is used to declare an exception.

Q.8 What is ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException?

Ans. When we use an array index which is beyond the range of index then
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException occurs.

Q.9 What is the need of multiple catch?

Ans.:

• There may be the situations in which different exceptions may get raised by a
single try block statements and depending upon the type of exception thrown it
must be caught.

• To handle such situation multiple catch blocks may exist for the single try block

statements.

Q.10 There are three statements in a try block - statement1, statement2 and
statement3. After that there is a catch block to catch the exceptions occurred
in the try block. Assume that exception has occurred in statement2. Does
statement3 get executed or not?

Ans. No. Once a try block throws an exception, remaining statements will not be
executed. Control comes directly to catch block.
Q.11 Explain the types of exceptions.

Ans. There are two types of exceptions:

1. Checked Exception: These types of exceptions need to be handled explicitly by

the code itself either by using the try-catch block or by using throws. These
exceptions are extended from the java.lang.Exception class.

For example: IOException which should be handled using the try-catch block.

2. Unchecked Exception: These type of exceptions need not be handled explicitly.

The Java Virtual Machine handles these type of exceptions. These exceptions are
extended from java.lang.RuntimeException class.

For example: ArrayIndexOutOfBounds, NullPointerException,

RunTimeException.

Q.12 Does finally block get executed If either try or catch blocks are returning
the control?

Ans. Yes, finally block will be always executed no matter whether try or catch
blocks are returning the control or not.

Q.13 Can we have empty catch block?

Ans. Yes we can have empty catch block, but it is an indication of poor
programming practice. We should never have empty catch block because if the
exception is caught by that block, we will have no information about the exception
and it will create problem while debugging the code.

Q.14 Which class is the super class for all types of errors and exceptions in
java ?

Ans. The java.lang.Throwable is the super class for all types of errors and
exceptions in java.

Q.15 What is runtime exceptions?

Ans. RuntimeException is the superclass of those exceptions that can be thrown
during the normal operation of the Java Virtual Machine. Runtime Exception is the
parent class in all exceptions of the Java.

Q.16 What is exception handling?

Ans. Exception handling is a mechanism in which the statements that are likely to
cause an exception are enclosed within try block. As soon as exception occurs it is
handled using catch block.

Thus exception handling is a mechanism that prevents the program from crashing
when some unusual situation occurs.

Q.17 What happens when the statement int value = 25/0 is executed?

Ans. The exception Arithmetic Exception: Divide by zero will occur.

Q.18 What do you mean by threads in Java ?

Ans. Thread is tiny program running continuously. It is a light weight process in

Java..

Q.19 Give the difference between process and thread.

Ans.

Q.20 What are different stages in thread?

Ans. Various stages in thread are

1. New state

2. Time waiting state

3.Runnable state

4. Waiting state

5.Blocked state

6. Terminated state

Q.21 What do you mean by synchronization ?

Ans. When two or more threads need to access shared memory, then there is some
way to ensure that the access to the resource will be by only one thread at a time.
The process of ensuring one access at a time by one thread is called
synchronization.

Q.22 What are the three ways by which the thread can enter in waiting stage?

Ans. :

i) Waiting state: Sometimes one thread has to undergo in waiting state because
another thread starts executing. This can be achieved by using wait() state.

ii) Timed waiting state: There is a provision to keep a particular threading waiting
for some time interval. This allows to execute high prioritized threads first. After
the timing gets over, the thread in waiting state enters in runnable state. This can be
achieved by using the sleep() command.

iii) Blocked state : When a particular thread issues an input/output request then
operating system sends it in blocked state until the I/O operation gets completed.
After

the I/O completion the thread is sent back to the runnable state. This can be
achieved by using suspend() method.

Q.23 What is multithreading?

Ans. Multithreading is an environment in which multiple threads are created and
they can execute simultaneously. The multiple threads can be created either by
extending the thread class or by implementing the runnable interface.

Q.24 Mention two mechanisms for protecting a code block from concurrent
access.

Ans. There are two mechanisms for protecting a code block from concurrent access
-

1. Use of reentrant code

2. Use synchronized block

Q.25 What is meant by notify methods in multithreading?

Ans. The notify() method is used for inter thread communication. If a particular
thread is in the sleep mode then that thread can be resumed by using the notify call.

Q.26 What are the two ways of creating a thread?

Ans. Thread can be created using

1. Thread class 2. runnable interface.

Q.27 Why do we need run() and start() method both? Can we achieve it with
only run() method?

Ans. We use start() method to start a thread instead of calling run() method
because the run() method is not a regular class method. It should only be called by
the JVM. If we call the run() method directly then it will simply invoke the caller's
thread instead of its own thread. Hence the start() method is called which schedules
the thread with the JVM.

Q.28 What is the need for thread?

Ans. In Java threads are used to handle multiple tasks together. This kind of
programming is called concurrent programming.
Q.29 Name any four thread constructor.

Ans. :

1. Thread()

2. Thread(String name).

3. Thread(Runnable target)

4. Thread (Runnable target, String name)

Q.30 When thread is initiated and created, what is its initial stage?

Ans. : A thread is in "Ready" state after it has been created and started. This state
signifies that the thread is ready for execution. From here, it can be in the running

state.

Q.31 "Thread is a lightweight process" - Comment

Ans.

Threads do not require separate address for its execution. It runs in the address
space of the process to which it belongs to. Hence thread is a lightweight process.

Q.32 Sketch the life cycle of thread

Ans.