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Java Control Statements

The document outlines control statements in programming, categorized into decision-making, looping, and jump statements. It provides syntax, usage scenarios, and real-life examples for each type, including if, if-else, switch, for, while, and do-while statements. Additionally, it explains break and continue jump statements, along with a summary table comparing their characteristics.

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3 views6 pages

Java Control Statements

The document outlines control statements in programming, categorized into decision-making, looping, and jump statements. It provides syntax, usage scenarios, and real-life examples for each type, including if, if-else, switch, for, while, and do-while statements. Additionally, it explains break and continue jump statements, along with a summary table comparing their characteristics.

Uploaded by

mirzapuramrakesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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🎯 Control Statements

Control statements are instructions that control the flow of execution in a program. provides control flow
statements in three main categories:

🚥 1. Decision-Making Statements

🔹 if Statement

✅ Syntax:

if (condition) {

// block of code to execute if condition is true

💡 Explanation:

 The simplest form of decision-making.

 Executes a block only if the given condition is true.

🧠 When to Use:

 When you want to do something based on a single condition.

🌍 Real-Life Example:

If the door is locked, use the key.

🔧 Example:

int age = 20;

if (age >= 18) {

System.out.println("You can vote.");

🔹 if-else Statement

✅ Syntax:

if (condition) {

// code if true

} else {

// code if false

🧠 When to Use:
 When there are two possibilities, and you want one to execute based on the condition.

🌍 Real-Life Example:

If it’s raining, carry an umbrella; else, wear sunglasses.

🔧 Example:

int marks = 40;

if (marks >= 35) {

System.out.println("Pass");

} else {

System.out.println("Fail");

🔹 if-else if Ladder

✅ Syntax:

if (condition1) {

// block 1

} else if (condition2) {

// block 2

} else {

// default block

🧠 When to Use:

 When there are multiple conditions and only one block needs to execute.

🌍 Real-Life Example:

If it’s morning, drink coffee; if it’s afternoon, have lunch; else, go to bed.

🔧 Example:

int score = 85;

if (score >= 90) {

System.out.println("Grade A");

} else if (score >= 80) {

System.out.println("Grade B");

} else {

System.out.println("Grade C");
}

🔹 switch Statement

✅ Syntax:

switch (expression) {

case value1:

// code block

break;

case value2:

// code block

break;

default:

// default block

🧠 When to Use:

 When you have to compare a single variable against multiple constant values.

 Works better than if-else-if when comparing equals values (like menu options, days, grades).

🌍 Real-Life Example:

Choose your drink: 1 – Tea, 2 – Coffee, 3 – Juice

🔧 Example:

int choice = 2;

switch (choice) {

case 1: System.out.println("Tea"); break;

case 2: System.out.println("Coffee"); break;

case 3: System.out.println("Juice"); break;

default: System.out.println("Invalid choice");

🔁 2. Looping Statements

Used to repeat a block of code multiple times.


🔹 for Loop

✅ Syntax:

for (initialization; condition; update) {

// block to execute

🧠 When to Use:

 When the number of iterations is known.

 Most commonly used loop.

🌍 Real-Life Example:

Print numbers from 1 to 10.

🔧 Example:

for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {

System.out.println("i = " + i);

🔹 while Loop

✅ Syntax:

while (condition) {

// code to execute

🧠 When to Use:

 When the number of iterations is unknown but depends on a condition.

🌍 Real-Life Example:

Keep walking until you reach your destination.

🔧 Example:

int i = 1;

while (i <= 5) {

System.out.println("i = " + i);

i++;

🔹 do-while Loop
✅ Syntax:

do {

// code to execute

} while (condition);

🧠 When to Use:

 When the loop must execute at least once, regardless of the condition.

🌍 Real-Life Example:

Try the dish first, then decide if you want more.

🔧 Example:

int i = 1;

do {

System.out.println("i = " + i);

i++;

} while (i <= 5);

⛔ 3. Jump Statements

🔹 break

 Used to exit from a loop or switch early.

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

if (i == 3) break;

System.out.println(i);

🔹 continue

 Skips the current iteration.

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

if (i == 3) continue;

System.out.println(i);

📝 Summary Table
Statement Use When… Executes At Least Once Known Iterations

if One condition No N/A

if-else Two outcomes No N/A

if-else-if Multiple outcomes No N/A

switch Comparing single variable against values No N/A

for Fixed loop No Yes

while Condition-controlled loop No Maybe

do-while Condition-controlled loop with 1st run Yes Maybe

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