Here are the answers to your questions:

**Sample MCQ questions**

* Which data structure in Pandas is 2-dimensional?

b) DataFrame

* What is the output of list(range(3))?

b) [0, 1, 2]

* Which operator is used for exponentiation in Python?

b) \*\*

* What does len("Python") return?

b) 6

* Which of the following will raise a TypeError?

c) 3 + '5'

* What does the type() function do?

b) Returns the class/type of a variable

* Which data structure is immutable in Python?

b) tuple [cite: 2]

* Which keyword is used to start a loop in Python?

c) for

* What is the primary data structure in Pandas for 1D data?

b) Series

* What is the output of print("a" \* 3)?

a) aaa
**Short answer questions**

**What is string slicing in Python? Demonstrate with an example on the string "HelloWorld" to extract
"World".**

String Slicing in Python refers to accessing a part (substring) of the string using indexing and the colon (:)
operator[cite: 4]. It allows us to extract a section of the string based on start and end positions[cite: 5].

Syntax: `string[start : end]` [cite: 6]

* `start` is the index where slicing begins (inclusive)[cite: 6].

* `end` is the index where slicing ends (exclusive)[cite: 6].

* Indexing starts from 0[cite: 7].

Example:

```python

text = "HelloWorld"

slice = text[5:10]

print(slice)

```

Output:

```

World

```

Explanation:
"HelloWorld" has index positions H(0) e(1) l(2) l(3) o(4) W(5) o(6) r(7) l(8) d(9)[cite: 7]. `text[5:10]`
extracts characters from index 5 up to (but not including) index 10, which results in "World"[cite: 7].

**Write a short Python code using Pandas to:**

* **Read a CSV file named students.csv**

* **Display the first 5 rows**

* **Show the column names**

```python

import pandas as pd

# Read the CSV file

df = pd.read_csv('students.csv') # cite: 8

# Display the first 5 rows

print("First 5 rows of the dataset:")

print(df.head()) # cite: 8

# Show the column names

print("\nColumn names in the dataset:")

print(df.columns) # cite: 9

```

**Explain immutability in Python using tuples. Give an example of a tuple and what happens if you try to
modify it.**
Immutability in Python means that once an object is created, its state cannot be changed. Tuples are an
example of an immutable data structure in Python[cite: 15]. Their contents cannot be changed once
defined[cite: 15]. This prevents accidental or unauthorized modification of data[cite: 16].

Example:

```python

my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)

print(my_tuple)

# Attempting to modify a tuple will raise a TypeError

# my_tuple[0] = 5

```

If you try to execute `my_tuple[0] = 5`, Python will raise a `TypeError` because tuples do not support
item assignment.

**Differentiate between list and tuple with at least three points of comparison.**

| Feature | List | Tuple |

| :----------- | :-------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |

| Mutability | Mutable (can be changed after creation) | Immutable (cannot be changed after creation)
[cite: 15] |

| Syntax | Uses square brackets `[]` | Uses parentheses `()` |

| Performance | Slower for iteration and lookup | Faster for iteration and lookup [cite: 16] |

| Use Case | For collections of items that may change | For collections of fixed data [cite: 17] |
**Write a Python program to check whether a number entered by the user is even or odd. Explain the
use of the if-else statement.**

```python

# Get input from the user

num = int(input("Enter an integer: "))

# Check if the number is even or odd using the modulo operator

if num % 2 == 0:

print(f"The number {num} is Even.")

else:

print(f"The number {num} is Odd.")

```

**Explanation of `if-else` statement:**

The `if-else` statement is a conditional control flow statement. It allows a program to execute different
blocks of code based on whether a given condition is true or false.

* The `if` block is executed if the condition following `if` is true.

* The `else` block is executed if the condition following `if` is false.

In the example above, `num % 2 == 0` is the condition. If the remainder of `num` divided by 2 is 0
(meaning it's an even number), the code inside the `if` block is executed. Otherwise, the code inside the
`else` block is executed.

**Write a Python program to find the maximum of three numbers entered by the user using if-else.**

```python

# Get input from the user for three numbers

num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))

num3 = float(input("Enter the third number: "))

# Find the maximum using if-else statements

if num1 >= num2 and num1 >= num3:

maximum = num1

elif num2 >= num1 and num2 >= num3:

maximum = num2

else:

maximum = num3

print(f"The maximum of the three numbers is: {maximum}")

```

**Why are tuples considered faster and more secure than lists? Support your answer with two practical
use-cases.**

Tuples are considered faster and more secure than lists in Python for the following reasons:

* **Immutability (Security):** Tuples are immutable, which means their contents cannot be changed
once they are defined[cite: 15, 16]. This immutability prevents accidental or unauthorized modification
of data, making them more "secure" in terms of data integrity[cite: 16].

* **Performance (Speed):** Because tuples are immutable, Python can allocate less memory and
optimize their execution[cite: 16]. This makes them faster than lists for operations like iteration and
lookup[cite: 16].
**Two Practical Use-Cases:**

1. **Storing Fixed Data:** Tuples are ideal for storing data that should not change, such as geographic
coordinates. For example, `coordinates = (19.07, 72.87)` ensures that latitude and longitude remain
constant[cite: 17].

2. **Dictionary Keys:** Tuples can be used as keys in a dictionary, whereas lists cannot[cite: 18]. This is
because dictionary keys must be hashable, and immutability makes tuples hashable[cite: 18]. For
example, `location_data = {(19.07, 72.87): "Mumbai", (28.61, 77.20): "Delhi"}` uses tuples as keys to map
coordinates to cities[cite: 18].