Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

CURRICULUM

FOR

METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Bachelor of Engineering Program
2024

Pakistan Engineering Council

&
Higher Education Commission
Islamabad

i
 (B.E ) METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
COURSE OUTLINE

Course Credit Hour Total

Semester S# Name of Subject Credit
Code Th Pr Hour

1 MT111 Introduction to Engineering Materials 3 0 3

2 MT122 Applied Chemistry 2 1 3
3 MTH102 Applied Calculus 3 0 3
FIR

4 CS115 Introduction to Computing 2 1 3

ST

5 IS111 Islamic studies

2 0 2
6 PS106 Pakistan studies 2 0 2
Total 14 2 16

1 MT123 Applied Physics 2 1 3

2 MT124 Mineral Dressing 2 1 3
SECOND

3 MT125 Engineering Drawing & Graphics 2 1 3

4 MTH103 Linear Algebra Differential Equation Analytical Geometry 3 0 3
5 ENG101 Functional English 3 0 3
6 ME176 Workshop Practice 0 2 2
Total 12 5 17

1 MT211 Fuel Furnaces and Energy Conservation 3 0 3

2 MT212 Mechanical Behavior of Materials 2 1 3
3 MT213 Materials Thermodynamics 3 0 3
THIRD

4 EE214 Industrial Safety & Environmental Engineering 2 1 3

5 ENG201 Communication Skills 2 0 2
6 ES291 Instrumentation & Control 3 1 4
Total 15 3 18

1 MT214 Physical Metallurgy-I 2 1 3

2 MT215 Iron Making Technology 3 0 3
2 0
FOURTH

3 MT216 Vacuum Technology 2

4 MT217 Inspection and Testing of Materials 3 1 4
5 MT218 Nuclear Metallurgy & Materials 2 0 2
6 MTH238 Numerical Methods & Computation 3 1 4
Total 15 3 18
 (B.E ) METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
COURSE OUTLINE

Course Credit Hour Credit

Semester S# Name of Subject
Code Th Th Hour

1 MT311 Physical Metallurgy-II 3 1 4

2 MT312 Non Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy 3 0 3
FIFTH

3 MT313 Manufacturing Technology 3 1 4

4 MT314 Engineering Ceramics & Glasses 2 1 3
5 ENG303 Business Communication & Report Writing 2 0 2
Total 13 3 16

1 MT315 Foundry Engineering –I 3 1 4

2 MT316 Corrosion & Protection 3 1 4
SIXTH

3 MT317 Welding & other Joining Process 3 1 4

4 MT318 Polymers and Composite Materials 3 0 3
5 MTH311 Statistics & Probability 3 0 3
Total 15 3 18

1 MT411 Foundry Engineering –II 2 1 3

2 MT412 Steel Making Technology 3 0 3
SEVENTH

3 MT413 Powder Metallurgy 2 0 2

4 MT414 Heat Treatment Processes 3 1 4
5 INM410 Industrial Economics, Management and Entrepreneurship 3 0 3
6 --- Project * --- --- ---
Total 13 2 15

1 MT415 Fracture Mechanics and Failure Analysis 3 1 4

2 MT416 Advanced Materials 3 0 3
EIGHTH

3 MT417 Design and Selection of Materials 2 0 2

4 MT418 Computer Application in Materials Engineering 2 1 3
5 MT499 Project 0 6 6
Total 10 8 18
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING MATERIALS

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
The course introduces the basics of Materials Engineering to the students.
The course focuses on types of materials, their scope and role in industrial
development. Students will learn about atomic bonding, crystal structures and
their relation to properties of materials. The relationship between structure,
processing, properties, and applications of various materials will be emphasized.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will be able to
1. Explain types and structures of materials at different scales and properties
(mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, electrical, magnetic etc.).
2. Describe various materials processing (manufacturing, joining, heat
treatment, protection etc.) techniques.
3. Describe the structure-processing-properties relationship in engineering
materials.
COURSE CONTENT
An overview of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Classification of
materials: metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Structure-properties
relationship, crystal structures and crystalline defects, mechanical properties
of materials. An overview of characterization techniques in materials science.
Introduction to metal processing techniques: casting, metal working, welding,
powder metallurgy, and heat treatment processes. Corrosion and prevention. An
introduction to various alloys and phase diagrams. An overview of polymeric and
ceramics materials processing techniques. Introduction to electric and magnetic
materials. Introduction to nanomaterials, biomaterials, functional materials,
smart materials.
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Nil.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction by W. D. Callister, D.
G. Rethwisch. 10th ed. Wiley (2018).
2. The Science and Engineering of Materials by D. R. Askeland, W. J. Wright.
enhanced 7th ed. Cengage Learning (2020).
3. Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering by W. F. Smith, J.
Hashemi. 7th ed. Mc Graw Hill (2022)
4. Engineering Materials 1 by D. R. H. Jones, M. F. Ashby. 5th ed. Butterworth-
Heinemann (2019)
5. Engineering Materials 2 by M. F. Ashby, D. R. H. Jones. 4th ed. Butterworth-
Heinemann (2013)
 Bachelor of Mining Engineering Curriculum (2024)

APPLIED CHEMISTRY

Credit: 2+1
Pre-Requisites: Nil

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the conclusion of the course, the students will be able to:

1. Know Reaction mechanism and industrial applications of organic

compounds and their reactions.
2. Understand chemical process industry, Industrial Chemical Analysis
and primary raw materials used in various industries.
3. Infer the knowledge of synthesis and basic reactions of reagents in
mineral separation processes
4. Learn Synthesis characterization and applications of cement and steel
COURSE OUTLINE
• Industrial Aspects of Inorganic Chemistry, study of selected inorganic
industries, Sulfur industry, Industry dealing with nitrogen, phosphorus,
chloralkaline and titanium oxide.
• Reaction mechanism and industrial applications of organic reactions
such as sulfonation, Nitration, Hydrogenation, Amination, Halogenation,
oxidation, polymerization.
• An overview of mineral process industry and primary raw material,
Industrial Pollution Prevention, Industrial mineral Analysis, Chemical
Explosives, Synthetic reagents, minerals surface chemistry, corrosion,
chemical analyses of materials, chemistry of cement and chemistry of
steel. Chemical manufacturing processes and production methods
COURSE OUTLINE (PRACTICALS)
The course practical/labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline (Theory part).”
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering” A. K. Haghi, Devrim
Balkose, Omari V.
2. Mukbaniani, Andrew G. Mercader, Apple Academic Press, 2018
3. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry; Molecular Characterization and
Analysis of
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

APLLIED CALCULUS

Credit: 3+0
Pre-Requisites: Nil

DESCRIPTION
“Calculus and Analytical Geometry” provides students with a comprehensive
understanding of mathematical concepts essential for engineering applications.
Topics covered include vectors, functions, limits, continuity, derivatives, integrals,
sequences, series, and Taylor series. Emphasis is placed on analytical techniques,
problem-solving skills, and their practical applications in engineering.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. To develop a clear understanding of fundamental concepts of single
variable calculus
2. To apply concepts of differentiation and integration to solve complex
engineering problems
COURSE OUTLINE
• Analytical Geometry:
a. Review of vectors, scalars and vector products.
b. Three-dimensional coordinate system and equation of straight line and
plane
• Functions Limit and Continuity
a. Review of functions and graphs,
b. Limits & Continuity,
c. Techniques of Finding Limits,
d. Discontinuity,
e. Limits of Sine and Cosine and Exponential Functions
• Differentiation:
a. Introduction to Derivatives
b. Examples of Derivatives
c. Derivative as Rate of Change
d. Derivative’s Rules
e. Implicit Differentiation
f. Higher order derivative
g. Leibnitz Theorem
• Applications of Derivatives:
a. Applications of Derivatives
b. Monotonic functions
c. Optimization problems
d. Relative and Absolute extrema
e. First and second derivative tests
f. Point of inflection
g. Concavity
h. Curvature
i. Indeterminate Forms and L’ Hospital rule
j. Differentials
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

• Integration:
a. Integrals and Properties of Integrals
b. Techniques of Integration
c. Integration by Parts
d. Definite Integrals
e. Integration of Trigonometric
f. Exponential and Inverse Functions
g. Integration by Partial Fractions
h. Reduction Rules
• Applications of Integration:
a. Applications of Integration
b. Area under the curve
c. Area between curves
d. Solids of Revolution
e. Volume of Solids of revolution by disk
f. washer, Cylindrical shell & Cross Section Methods
g. Center of Pressure and Depth of Center of Pressure
h. Center of mass
i. Arc length
• Improper Integrals:
a. Improper Integral
b. Integrals and Singularities
c. Convergence of improper integrals
• Infinite Sequence and Series:
a. Sequence and Infinite Series
b. Convergence and Divergence of sequences and series
c. Positive Term Series
d. Integral Test
e. Basic Comparison Test
f. Limit Comparison Test
g. Ratio and Root tests
h. Alternating series
i. Absolute and Conditional Convergence
• Power and Taylor Series:
a. Power series
b. Maclaurin and Taylor Series and its Applications
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. George B. Thomas, Jr., Maurice D. Weir, Joel R. Hass, Thomas’ Calculus,
Pearson, USA.
2. Earl W. Swokowski, Michael Olinick, Dennis Pence, Calculus.
3. Robert T. Smith, Roland B. Minton, Calculus.
4. James Stewart, Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Brooks/ Cole, USA.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)
 Bachelor of Mining Engineering Curriculum (2024)

14.2 Engineering Domain

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING

Credits: 2+1
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
Introduction to programming basics (what it is and how it works), binary
computation, problem-solving methods and algorithm development. Includes
procedural and data abstractions, program design, debugging, testing, and
documentation. Covers data types, control structures, functions.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of this course, students will be able to:
1. Differentiate between the programming basics (operations, control
structures, data types, etc.)
2. Evaluate python tools and libraries used in developing programming-
related projects.
3. Analyze the application of programming in the field of Mining
engineering.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. Introduction
• Computers and Programming in Engineering
• Basic principles of computing
2. Introduction to Python
• Python IDEs
• Using the Python interpreter
• Introduction to binary computation
• Input / Output
3. Data types
• Lists
• Dictionary
• Tuple
4. Tuple properties and Methods
5. List Properties and Methods
6. Dictionary Properties and Methods
7. If, Elif Conditional statements
8. For Loops
9. While Loops
Bachelor of Mining Engineering Curriculum (2024)

10. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming

11. Computer Applications in Mining
12. Case study as a Project
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS
• Installation of Anaconda, Setting Anaconda Environment and IDEs and
Python Libraries
• Introduction to python data types and data structures
• Application of computer programming in earth sciences and mining
engineering
• Creating Lists and Dictionaries and applying properties associated with –
Lists – Dictionary -- Tuple
• Creating Lists and Dictionaries and applying methods associated with –
Lists – Dictionary -- Tuple
• Applying conditional statements in programming
• Applying For Loops in computer programming
• Applying While Loops in computer programming
• Applying logical operators during computer programming
• Introduction to Modelling and Optimization
• Develop computing code for Project -I
• Data Analysis PCA hands on case study
• Introduction to functions
• Develop computing code for Project -II
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. “Starting Out with Python plus MyLabProgramming with Pearson
eText by Tony Gaddis
2. “Introduction to Computers” by Peter Norton
3. “Computing Essentials” by Timothy O’Leary and Linda O’Leary
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

ISLAMIC STUDIES

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive overview of
the fundamental aspects of Islam, its beliefs, practices, history and influence
on society. It will further familiarize students with a solid foundation in
understanding the religion of Islam from an academic and cultural perspective.
Through this course, students will have an enhanced understanding of Islam’s
multifaceted dimensions which will enable them to navigate complex discussions
about Islam’s historical and contemporary role, fostering empathy, respect, and
informed dialogue.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of this course, students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate enhanced knowledge of Islamic foundational beliefs,

practices, historical development, spiritual values and ethical principles.
2. Describe basic sources of Islamic law and their application in daily life.
3.Identify and discuss contemporary issues within the Muslim world
including social challenges, gender roles and interfaith interactions.
COURSE OUTLINE
1. Introduction to Islam:
• Definition of Islam and its core beliefs.
• The Holy Quran (introduction, revelation and compilation).
• Hadith and Sunnah (compilation, classification, and significance).
• Key theological concepts and themes (Tawhid, Prophethood,
Akhirah etc.).
2. Sirah of the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) as Uswa-i-Hasana:
• Life and legacy of the Holy Prophet PBUH
• Diverse roles of the Holy Prophet PBUH (as an individual, educator,
peace maker, leader etc.)
3. Islamic History and Civilization:
• World before Islam.
• The Rashidun Caliphate and expansion of Islamic rule.
• Muslims contributions to philosophy, science, medicine,
mathematics, and culture.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

4. Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh):

• Fundamental sources of Islamic jurisprudence.
• Pillars of Islam and their significance.
• Major schools of Islamic jurisprudence.
• Significance and principles of Ijtihad.
5. Family and Society in Islam:
• Status and rights of women in Islamic teachings.
• Marriage, family, and gender roles in Muslim society.
• Family structure and values in Muslim society.
6. Islam in the Modern World:
• Relevance of Islam in the modern world (globalization, challenges
and prospects).
• Islamophobia, interfaith dialogue, and multiculturalism
• Islamic responses to social, ethical, and technological changes
7. Introduction to Islamic Trade and Finance:
• Islamic Financing Structures
• The Stability of Islamic Financial System
• Financial Engineering
• Regulation of Islamic Financial Institutions
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/READING MATERIALS
1. “The Five Pillars of Islam: A Journey Through the Divine Acts of Wor-
ship” by Muhammad Mustafa Al-Azami.
2. “The Five Pillars of Islam: A Framework for Islamic Values and Character
Building” by Musharraf Hussain.
3. “Towards Understanding Islam” by Abul A’ la Mawdudi.
4. “Islami Nazria e Hayat” by Khurshid Ahmad.
5. “An Introduction to Islamic Theology” by John Renard.
6. “Islamic Civilization Foundations Belief & Principles” by Abul A’ la
Mawdudi.
7. “Women and Social Justice: An Islamic Paradigm” by Dr. Anis Ahmad.
8. “Islam: Its Meaning and Message” by Khurshid Ahmad.

Note: This course is compulsory for Muslim and optional for non-Muslim
undergraduate students. Non-Muslim students can opt for nay course of at least
the same or more credits in subjects such as religious studies, ethics, theology,
comparative religion, Christian ethics, etc.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

APPLIED PHYSICS

Credit: 2+1
Pre-Requisites: Nil

DESCRIPTION
“Applied Physics” introduces fundamental principles of physics and their practical
applications. Topics include vectors, mechanics, electrostatics, magnetism,
semiconductor physics, waves and oscillations, optics and lasers, and modern
physics concepts. The course integrates theory with hands-on laboratory sessions
to reinforce understanding and application of physical principles in engineering
systems.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. Understand and apply vector analysis techniques to describe physical
quantities and their transformations in engineering problems.
2. Apply Newton’s laws of motion to analyze mechanical systems, including
the calculation of forces, work, energy, and momentum.
3. Analyze electrostatic and magnetic fields, and their effects on charged
particles and magnetic materials, with applications in sensors and
actuators.
4. Describe semiconductor physics principles, including P-N junctions and
transistors, and their role in electronic devices and circuits.
5. Analyze wave phenomena and optics principles, including interference,
diffraction, and laser operation, with applications in communication and
sensing technologies.
6. Explain key concepts in modern physics, such as quantum mechanics,
atomic structure, and nuclear physics, and their applications in various
engineering fields.
COURSE OUTLINE
Vectors:
• Review of vectors, Ordinary Differentiation of Vector, Gradient of Scaler
field, Divergence and Curl of Vector Field, Line and Surface Integrals with
applications.
Mechanics:
• Newton Laws and their Applications(Simple Accelerometer, Banked Curve
and Rotor), Frictional Forces and determination of Co-efficient of Friction,
Work-Energy Theorem, applications of law of Conservation of Energy,
Angular Momentum, Centre of Mass of two-particles, Many-particles and
Solid Object, Rotational Inertia of Solid Bodies.
Electrostatics And Magnetism:
• Electric field due to Discrete and Continuous Charge Distribution,
Electrostatic Potential of discrete and Continuous charges, Applications of
Gauss’s Law, Lorentz Force and Hall effect, Ampere’s Law, Magnetic Field
due to Circular Current Loop and Solenoid, Magnetic dipole, Atomic and
Nuclear Magnetism, Magnetization, Magnetic Materials.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

Semiconductor Physics:
• Energy levels in a Semiconductor, Hole concept, Intrinsic and Extrinsic
regions, Law of Mass Action. P-N junction, Transistors.
Waves And Oscillations:
• Simple Harmonic Oscillator, Damped Harmonic Oscillation, Forced
Oscillation and Resonance, Types of Wave and Superposition Principle,
Wave Speed on a stretched string. Wave equation, Energy & Power of a
Wave.
Optics And Lasers:
• Huygens Principle, Two-slit interference, Single-Slit Diffraction, Resolving
power of Optical Instruments. Principles for Laser action, Types of Laser,
Applications of Laser.
Modern Physics:
• Planck’s explanations of Black Body Radiation Photoelectric Effect,
Compton Effect, De-Broglie Hypothesis, Electron Microscope, Atomic
structure, X-rays and Moseley’s Law, Atomic Nucleus and Properties of
Nucleus, Radioactive Decay and Radioactive Dating, Radiation Detection
Instruments, Nuclear Reactions.

Note: “Labs/ Practical: The course practical/labs should be defined and

synchronized with the course outline”
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Halliday, Resnick, Krane, Physics, 10th Edition.
2. Hugh D. Young, R. A. Freedman, University Physics, 12th Edition.
3. Serway, Jewett, Physics for Scientists & Engineers, Latest Edition.
Bachelor of Mining Engineering Curriculum (2024)

MINERAL DRESSING
Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course offers a foundational overview of key operations in mining
engineering, encompassing both production and auxiliary aspects. Subjects
covered include various stages in a mine’s lifecycle, evaluation of resources,
planning and design of mines, methods for surface and underground mining,
techniques for drilling and blasting, systems for rock support, transportation
of materials, mineral processing, ventilation in mines, safety protocols,
environmental considerations, and future trends in mining. Additionally, the
course aims to impart an understanding of the significance of mining in Pakistan
and globally, as well as familiarize students with the operational dynamics of the
mining industry.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this course, students will be able to:
1. Explain how mining is carried out and why.
2. Identify mining systems (both underground and surface mines)
3. Comparison of Mining practice in Pakistan and other countries.
COURSE CONTENT
1. An introduction to the field of mining engineering and its econom-
ic importance.
• Definition and significance of mining
• Historical overview of mining industry
• Role of mining in the global economy (Pakistan Vs global)
• Mining terminology and concepts
2. Mining Terminology
3. Overview and extraction of minerals in Pakistan.
4. Governmental Oversight in the Mining Industry: Federal and
Provincial Roles
5. Mine Life Stages
• Prospecting
• Exploration
• Development
• Exploitation
• Reclamation
Bachelor of Mining Engineering Curriculum (2024)
ENGINEERING DRAWING & GRAPHICS
Credits: 1+2
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
To inculcate in students the ability to comprehend the science of Engineering
Drawing so that they are able to convey their creative ideas effectively.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this course, students will be able to:
1. Apply principles of engineering visualization and projection theory to
prepare engineering drawings, using conventional and modern drawing
tools
2. Draw orthographic projection, sectional views, and isometric views of
different mechanical parts.
COURSE CONTENT
1. Introduction: Introduction to Engineering Drawing, I. S. specification
for preparation of drawings, Use of drawing instruments and materials,
Basic Tools, Lines: Types, configuration and application, Selection of line
thickness.
2. Orthographic Projection: Principle and Methods of projection,
Orthographic projection, Planes of projection, First and Third-angle
projection, Reference line
3. Projection of Points: A point is situated in the first, second, third and fourth
quadrant.
4. Projection of Straight Lines: Line parallel and perpendicular to one or
both the planes, Line contained by one or both the planes, Projections
of lines inclined to both the planes, True length of a straight line and its
inclinations, Methods of determining traces of a line.
5. Projection of Planes (2D): Types and Traces of planes, Projections of
planes, Projections of oblique planes
6. Projections on Auxiliary Planes (2D): Types of auxiliary planes and
views, Projection of a point on an auxiliary plane, Projections of lines and
planes.
7. Projections of Solids (3D): Types of solids and their projections, Projections
of solids with axes inclined.
8. Section of Solids (3D): Section of planes, prisms, pyramids, cylinders,
cones, spheres, Methods of development, Triangulation development,
Developments of lateral surfaces of right solids
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

LINEAR ALGEBRA & DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Credit Hours: 3+0

Pre-Requisites: Nil

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

The knowledge units in this area collectively encompass the following:
1. To comprehend basic concepts of Linear Algebra and optimization
2. To apply techniques of Linear Algebra and optimization for solution of
engineering problem.
COURSE OUTLINE
Linear Algebra:
a. Basic Concepts. Matrix Addition. Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication
b. Linear Systems of Equations. Gauss Elimination.
c. Solution of Linear Systems: Existence, Uniqueness, General Form
d. Inverse of a Matrix. Gauss-Jordan Elimination.
e. Vector Spaces, Sub Spaces and Linear Transformations
f. Linear dependence, linear independence, spanning set, basis
g. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
Differential Equations:
a. Separable Variables.
b. Homogeneous Equations.
c. Exact Equations and Integrating Factors.
d. Linear Equations.
e. Equations of Bernoulli, Ricatti and Clairaut.
f. Applications of Linear and Non-Linear First Order ODEs.
g. Linear Differential Equations of Higher Order: Preliminary Theory, Initial
and Boundary Value Problems, Linear Dependence and Linear Independence.
h. Homogeneous Linear Equations with constant coefficients.
i. Non-Homogeneous Linear Equations with constant coefficients:
Undetermined Coefficients, Variation of Parameters.
j. Non-Homogeneous Linear Equations with Variable Coefficients: Cauchy-
Euler Equation.
k. Laplace Transform: Laplace Transform and Inverse Transform
l. Unit step function, Dirac delta function
m. Solution of 1st and higher order initial value problem using Laplace
Transform
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS

1. Dennis G. Zill and Michael Cullen, Differential Equations, 3rd edition.
2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th edition.
3. Glyn James, Modern Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

FUEL FURNACES AND ENERGY CONSERVATION

Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
1. Explain the types, sources and resources of energy
2. Discuss different conversion technologies and their environmental impacts
3. Solve problems related to fuels and energy
1.1 Energy sources and resources
1.2 Classification of fossils and hydrocarbon fuels
1.3 Fuel Properties and characterization Unit II: Principles of Combustion
2.1 Combustion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
2.2 Mechanism and kinetics of combustion
2.3 Combustion calculations Unit III: Fuel Upgradation
3.1 Carbonization, liquefaction and gasification of coal
3.2 Fisher-tropsch process and clean coal technology 3.3 Petroleum refining
3.4 Natural gas processing and syngas production
3.5 Synthetic fuels Unit IV: Combustion Technologies
4.1 Fluidized bed combustion boilers
4.2 Furnaces
4.3 Waste heat recovery
4.4 Synthetic liquid fuels 1
4.5 Internal Combustion Engines Unit V: Energy Conversion
5.1 Overview of energy conversion technologies
5.2 Engineering thermodynamics for process utility boilers, heat pumps, steam
turbine Combined heat and power (CHP) and gas turbine CHP
5.2 Energy conversion performance for process parameters and process head
load Unit VI: Emission Control 6.1 Greenhouse gas emission consequences of
energy efficiency measures in industry
6.2 Greenhouse gas emissions from industrial energy systems
6.3 Optimization of industrial energy systems 6.4 Potential for greenhouse
gas emissions reduction in industry
6.5 Overview of energy policy instruments and their impacts Unit VII:
Alternative Resources of Energy (ARE)
7.1 Introduction to ARE sources
7.2 Methods of production of fuel from biomass
7.3 Biomass volatilization
7.4 Kinetics of gasification
7.5 Solar, hydel, wind and geothermal energy
7.6 Gasification and liquefaction of forest products
7.7 Energy conversion methodologies of selected systems
• Teaching-learning Strategies The teaching and learning strategy have been
designed on the understanding of concepts and the ability to critically analyze
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)
and apply the learned content through lectures, discussion, activities, case
studies using computer, multi-media and writing board instructional aids.
Lectures: 3 hours per week

• Textbooks and reference readings

1 Turns, S.R. (2011) An introduction to combustion: Concepts and
Applications. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill.
2 Griffiths, J.F. and Barnard, J.A. (1995) Flame and combustion. 3rd ed.
Blackie Academic and Professional.
3 Harker, J.H. and Buckhurst, J.R. (1981) Fuel and energy. Academic Press.
4 Smith, M.L. and Stinson, K.W. (1952) Fuels and combustion. McGraw-Hill.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course is designed to equip students with essential language skills for
effective communication in diverse real-world scenarios. It focuses on developing
proficiency in English language usage: word choices, grammar and sentence
structure. In addition, the course will enable students to grasp nuanced messages
and tailor their communication effectively through application of comprehension
and analytical skills in listening and reading. Moreover, the course encompasses
a range of practical communication aspects including professional writing,
public speaking, and everyday conversation, ensuring that students are equipped
for both academic and professional spheres. An integral part of the course is
fostering a deeper understanding of the impact of language on diverse audiences.
Students will learn to communicate inclusively and display a strong commitment
to cultural awareness in their language use. Additionally, the course will enable
them to navigate the globalized world with ease and efficacy, making a positive
impact in their functional interactions.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of this course, students will be able to:

1. Apply enhanced English communication skills through effective use of

word choices, grammar and sentence structure.
2. Comprehend a variety of literary / non-literary written and spoken texts
in English.
3. Effectively express information, ideas and opinions in written and spoken
English.
4. Recognize inter-cultural variations in the use of English language and to
effectively adapt their communication style and content based on diverse
cultural and social contexts.
COURSE OUTLINE
1. Foundations of Functional English:
• Vocabulary building (contextual usage, synonyms, antonyms and
idiomatic expressions)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

WORKSHOP PRACTICE

Credits: 0+1
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
Workshop Practice is a foundational course designed for undergraduate students
pursuing BSc in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering. This course provides
hands-on experience and practical skills development in various workshops. The
course will provide students with a solid foundation in machining, fitting and
fabrication, carpentry, and electrical wiring through extensive practical exercises.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will be able to
1. Identify operations of different shops such as machine shop, carpentry
shop, and electrical shop etc.
2. Perform all operations related to sheet metal shop, machine shop,
carpentry shop, and electrical wiring.
3. Design engineering systems or components with given dimensions.
COURSE CONTENT
Workshop health and safety precautions.
Machining: Detailed study of centre lathe and accessories. Plain and Taper
turning. Basic lath operations including turning, facing, simple screw cutting/
treading, knurling, Grooving (Drilling and Boring), cutting tools and their
grinding. Brief Introduction of shaper, milling Sharing and Surface Grinding
Machine. Assigning of Practical Jobs.
Fitting and Fabrication: The use and care of fitter’s tools. Marking out of job.
Practice in Metal filing. Sawing, Drilling, dieing, Tapping and reaming. Brief
introduction and use of power Hack Saw, Arbor Press, Sheet Sharing Machine,
Sheet Rolling Machine, Punching Machine and Drilling Machine. Assigning of
practical Jobs.
Carpentry: The use and care of tools. Type of Timber, its defects and preservation
methods practice in planning and sawing. Different types of wood joints. Study
of sawing, planning, turning mortise and tenon machines. Assigning of Practical
Jobs.
Electrical accessories: Electric shocks and treatment. The use and care of tools
used by Electrician. Types and uses of cable and electrical accessories for house
wiring, practice in simple house wiring, testing methods. Switch gear used on
domestic installation and DB system. Earthing System. Assigning of Wiring
arrangements practical.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
This course builds on the knowledge students already have about the mechanical
behavior of engineering materials. Here, the emphasis will be on the elastic and
plastic behaviors of different materials as well as on their fracture mechanics. The
students will study in detail the mechanisms of elastic and plastic deformation.
Additionally, students will learn how different materials may perform in a given
situation. As a result, they will be able to select the best material for a particular
application.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Explain types and theories of different types of mechanical behaviors:

reversible (elastic) and irreversible (plastic) deformations.
2. Describe theory of dislocations and its types and mechanisms of fracture
in materials.
3. Differentiate fatigue & creep behaviors and demonstrate mechanical
behavior of thin films/coatings.
4. Investigate mechanical design problems and metallurgical failures
using knowledge of deformation and fracture of materials and formulate
solutions.
COURSE CONTENT
A review of the structure of materials and crystalline imperfections. Elasticity
(review of stress and strain concepts, Hooke’s law, Elastic strain energy);
Plasticity (Analysis of Stress-strain behavior, Yielding criteria of Metals and
Hardness); Notches (Stress concentration factor, Neuber’s rule, Tensile testing
of notched specimens).
Fracture Mechanics (Fracture modes; Linear elastic fracture mechanics: stress
intensity factor and fracture toughness); Theoretical cohesive strength and
Griffith criteria; Plain strain toughness testing; crack tip opening displacement
(CTOD).
Plastic deformation and role of Dislocations; types of dislocations; Slip systems;
Critical resolved shear stress; Taylor factor; Dislocation interaction; Thermally
activated processes; Intersection of dislocations. Ductile-brittle transition.
Strengthening Mechanisms. Severe plastic deformation. Fracture behavior of
metallic materials (ductile, brittle fractures); different types of embrittlements;
Stress-corrosion cracking. Fatigue and creep deformation and fracture (Structural
changes; theories and mechanism of crack initiation and propagation; Materials’
selection).
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

Mechanical behavior of thin films and coatings; Mechanical behavior of

Polymers, Ceramics, glasses and composites; Weibull Modulus
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Mechanical Behavior of Material, N. E. Dowling, S. L. Kampe, M. V.
Kral, 5th ed. Pearson (2019)
2. Mechanical Behaviour of Engineering Materials: Metals, Ceramics,
Polymers by J. Roesler, H. Harders, M. Baeker. 1 st ed. Springer (2007)
3. Mechanical Metallurgy by G. E. Dieter. SI Metric ed. McGraw Hill Inc.
(2002)
4. Deformation and Fracture Mechanics of Engineering Materials by R. W.
Hertzberg, R. P. Vinci, J. L. Hertzberg. 6th ed. Wiley (2021).
5. Introduction to Dislocations by D. Hull, D. J. Bacon. 5th ed. Butterworth-
Heinemann (2011).
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

MATERIALS THERMODYNAMICS

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
In this course, the students will learn the fundamental Laws of thermodynamics
and how they influence the behavior of materials at the micro and macro scale. The
students will learn the concept of work, heat, enthalpy and entropy. The concept
of free energy and equilibrium will be introduced. Solving thermodynamic
problems using various laws and rules will be discussed. Application of theories
to single-component solutions, multi-component solutions will be highlighted.
The role of thermodynamic concepts in electrochemistry will be presented.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. Describe the basic terms and laws related to thermodynamics.
2. Calculate enthalpy/entropy of reaction, heat capacity and Gibbs free
energy.
3. Analyze the feasibility of various reactions and phase transformations
using Ellingham and Binary Phase diagrams.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to Materials Thermodynamics, concept of system and surroundings,
extensive and intensive properties.
First Law of Thermodynamics, concept of Enthalpy, calculation of heat of
reactions, concept of heat capacity and its variation with temperature, Kirchoff’s
equation and its applications in the calculation of heat of reaction at high
temperatures.
Concept of Entropy, Second Law of thermodynamics, Reversible and spontaneous
processes, Third law of thermodynamics, calculation of entropy of elements and
reactions at various temperatures.
Free-energy, and the concept of driving-force behind a chemical or physical
reaction,
Equilibrium constant, Le-Chatlier’s Principle, Factors affecting the equilibrium
position, Relationship of equilibrium constant with free energy, Calculations
of equilibrium partial pressures. Ellingham diagrams and their application to
commercially important reactions
Behavior of solutions, concept of activity, ideal and non-ideal solutions, Raoult’s
and Henry’s Law, Free energy of mixing, Gibbs Phase Rule, Clausius Clapeyron
Equation, Concept of diffusion, Phase diagrams.
Introduction to electrochemistry, Chemical and electrical driving force, EMF,
determination of thermodynamic properties from electrochemical data.

119
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS

1. Basics of Materials Thermodynamics by S. W. Husain, I. Qamar.
Scientific Information and Priniting Services (2024).
2. Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Materials by D. R. Gaskell, D. E.
Laughlin. 6th ed. Taylor and Francis (CRC Press) (2017).Materials
3. Thermodynamics by Y. A. Chang, W. A. Oates. 1st ed. Wiley (2009).
4. Textbook of Materials and Metallurgical Thermodynamics by
A. Ghosh. PHI Learning Pvt Ltd (2009)
5. Metallurgical Thermodynamics Kinetics And Numericals by S. K. Dutta,
A. B. Lele. S. Chand Publishing (2020).
6. An introduction to Chemical Metallurgy by R. H. Parker. 2nd ed.
Pergamon (1978).
7. Chemical Metallurgy by J. J. Moore, 2nd ed., Elsevier (Butterworth-
Heinemann) (1990).
8. Phase Transformation in Metals and Alloys by D. A. Porter, K. E.
Easterling, M. Y. Sherif. 4th ed. CRC Press (2021).
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

COMMUNICATION AND PRESENTATION SKILLS

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
“Communication and Presentation Skills” is designed to enhance students’
abilities to communicate effectively in professional and academic settings.
The course covers various aspects of communication including writing,
reading, listening, and speaking skills. Students learn techniques for improving
vocabulary, writing essays and letters, critical reading, active listening, verbal
and non-verbal communication, and presentation strategies. Emphasis is placed
on developing effective communication skills essential for job interviews and
successful interactions in the workplace.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME
By the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Write clearly, concisely, and grammatically correctly in various forms,

avoiding errors.
2. Read critically to understand information better and improve vocabulary.
3. Deliver engaging presentations with effective communication and visuals.
4. Adapt communication style to audience and context, demonstrating active
listening.
5. Select and use audio-visual aids to enhance presentations.
6. Demonstrate effective communication skills in diverse contexts.
COURSE OUTLINE
Writing Skills
• Vocabulary Building
• Writing Skills: Essays and Letters
• Common Writing Errors
• Purposeful Writing
Reading Skills
• Skimming and Scanning
• Critical Reading
• Reading for Understanding
• Techniques and strategies to develop sound vocabulary.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

Listening Skills
• Introduction to Communication Process
• Seven Cs of Communication
• Types of Listening
• Listening for Comprehension
Speaking Skills
• Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
• Basics of Presentation Skills
• Presentation Strategies and public speaking skills.
• Use of Audio-Visual Aids
• Basics of Group Communication
• Listening Skills
• Communicate effectively in job interviews.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Anchor in English-II (Lessons 1-5), A SPELT Publication
2. Christopher Fry, “Summary Writing (Book-I)”, Oxford University Press
3. College Essays by John Langlan
4. Barron’s TOFFL iBT Edition
5. Communication Skills for Engineers by Sunita Marshal and
C.Muralikrishna
6. Writing for Computer science by Justin Zobel Research Methodologies –
A step by step guide for beginners, Ranjit Kumar.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This multi-disciplinary course will cover the principles, techniques, and industrial
applications of instrumentation and control systems. The students will learn
different measurement systems, industrial automation, and practical applications.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. analyse major instruments used for pressure measurement.

2. differentiate between different temperature measurement instruments
and select an appropriate one for a particular application.
3. Evaluate different level, flow, weight, and stress measurement
techniques.
4.
examine the components of process control systems, including control
loops, units, and standards.
COURSE CONTENT
Basic Concepts about instrumentation and process control
Pressure Measurement: Pressure units, Manometers, Diaphragms, Bellows,
Bourden Tubes, Secondary transducers (strain gauge and LVDT).
Temperature Measurement: Introduction and units. Liquid Expansion
Thermometers (Mercury in Glass, Liquid in glass), Bimetallic strip Thermometers,
Pressure-Spring thermometers, Resistance Temperature Detectors, thermistors,
Thermocouples. Pyrometers.
Level Measurement: Differential Pressure, Displacer, Bubbler, Capacitance,
Conductance, Ultrasonic,
Flow Measurement: Head type flow meters (Orifice plate, Venturi tube, pilot
tube) Rotameter, Anemometers, Electromagnetic flow meters, Mechanical Meter
(turbine type), Ultrasonic type flowmeter.
Weight, force, stress, and strain measurement.
Introduction to process control: Process Control, Definitions of the Elements in a
Control Loop, Units and Standards, Instrument Parameters, Control types.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Fundamentals of Industrial Instrumentation and Process Control by W. C.
Dunn. 2nd ed. McGraw Hill Professional (2018)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

2. Process Control Instrumentation Technology by C. D. Johnson. Pearson/

Prentice Hall, (2006)
3. Instrumentation and Control Systems by W. Bolton. 3rd ed. Newness
(2021)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

PHYSICAL METALLURGY I & II

Credits: 3+3
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
The course primarily focusses on the knowledge that links the structure of
materials with their properties. The role of processing in developing various
types of structures will be discussed. This understanding will also help in alloy
designing for various applications and interpreting the behavior of materials
under different conditions.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. Explain the atomic & crystalline structures and the role played by them
in the properties of metallic materials.
2. Interpret different types of crystalline defects in metallic materials and
the role played by microscope in the analysis of microstructure.
3. Examine different types of equilibrium phase diagrams for understanding
phase transformations and microstructural changes in alloys.
4. Design a hypothetical phase diagram involving different phase transitions
& reactions and predict microstructures at different temperatures.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to Physical Metallurgy; structure properties relationship; Types of
bonding, Atomic and crystalline structure; crystal symmetry; crystallographic
defects; Allotropy and polymorphism; Miller indexing system; stacking of
planes; Atomic, linear and planar densities; concept of Interstitial Voids.
Solidification (Homogeneous and heterogeneous); Nucleation and growth;
Grain-boundaries and grain structure; Role of Metallurgical microscope in the
analysis of microstructure; theory of etching and concept of grain boundary
energy. Diffusion in solids
Phase-rule; Solid solutions; limits of solid solubility; types of Compounds;
different types of binary phase diagrams: Isomorphous system, Eutectic and
eutectoid reactions, coherent/in-coherent precipitates, Peritectic and peritectoid
reactions; Ordered and disordered solutions; Iron-Iron carbide system,
microstructure and properties of plain carbon steels and cast-irons; microstructure
of common copper-base and aluminum-base alloys.
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)
The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS

1. Physical Metallurgy: Principles and Design by G. N. Haidemenopoulos.
1st ed. CRC Press (2018)
2. Physical Metallurgy: Metals, Alloys, Phase Transformations by V. M.
Schastlivtsev, V. I. Zel’dovich. De Gruyter GmbH (2022)
3. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction by D. G. Rethwisch,
W. D. Callister Jr. 10th ed. Wiley (2018)
4. Physical Metallurgy Principles by R. Abbaschian, L. Abbaschian, R. E.
Reed-Hill. 4th ed. Cengage Learning (2010)
5. Physical Metallurgy edited by D. Laughlin, K. Hono. 5th ed. Elsevier
(2014)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

IRON AND MAKING TECHNOLOGY

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
The course is intended to impart to the students a basic understanding of the
contemporary iron and steel making routes, raw materials for iron and steel
making and their characterization. The environmental impacts of iron and
steelmaking will also be discussed. Additionally, the students will also study the
latest developments in this field such as green steel production.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. describe the general features of iron and steel-making processes.
2. apply the fundamental principles of thermodynamics to manage the
processes that control the quality and composition of iron and steel.
3. analyze the developments in processes aimed at improving the efficiency
of iron and steel-making.
4. evaluate the harmful impact of iron and steel-making industries on the
environment and suggest suitable measures to reduce that.
COURSE CONTENT
A brief review of solution thermodynamics. Mineral processing of iron ores,
agglomeration processes for iron ores, blast furnace process and reactions, blast
furnace gas cleaning system and blast furnace stoves. Recent developments
in BF process. Alternate iron making processes. Introduction to steelmaking
fundamentals, oxidation reactions in steelmaking processes. Primary steelmaking
processes: basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF), design
and process description, latest trends in BOF and EAF Processes. Induction
furnace, design, and process description. Secondary steelmaking processes:
argon purging, ladle de-oxidation, degassing, and emerging ladle metallurgy
processes. Continuous casting of steel. Charge calculations for iron and steel
making processes.

Environmental impacts of steel industry. Green steel making processes. Concepts

of standards and specification of ferrous alloy systems.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Basic Concepts of Iron and Steel Making by S. K. Dutta and Y. B. Chokshi,
(eBook), Springer Nature, (2020).
2. Modern Blast Furnace Ironmaking an introduction, M. Geerdes, R.
Chaigneau, O. Lingiardi, R. Molenaar, R.V, Opbergen, Y. Sha, J. Warren,
4th ed., IOS press (2023)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

3. An Introduction to Modern Iron Making by R.H. Tupkary and V.R.

Tupkary. 4th ed. Khana Publications India, (2013).
4. An Introduction to Modern Steel Making by R. H. Tupkary and V. R.
Tupkary. 7th ed. Khana Publications India, (2008).
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

VACUUM TECHNOLOGY

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course explores vacuum technology, covering principles, equipment,
measurement, and applications of vacuum systems. The students will also learn
about the vacuum measuring devices such as manometers, McLoad gauges,
ionization gauges etc. The course will end with a discussion on the application of
vacuum technology in characterization of materials and their processing.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
• explain kinetic theory of gas and its relationship with gas properties.
1. select a suitable vacuum pump for a specific industrial or research
application.
2. differentiate between different vacuum measuring instruments used in
materials engineering.
3. design a full vacuum system for an engineering application.
COURSE CONTENT
Vacuum technology: Vacuum classification, Kinetic picture of a gas; Velocity
Distribution, Mean free path, Collision frequency, Particle Flux, Monolayer
Formation Time, Flow characteristics of gas (Knudsen number).

Vacuum pumps: Positive displacement pumps; Diaphragm pump, Water ring

pump, rotary and roots pump, vapour ejector and vapour entrainment pumps,
diffusion pump, turbo-molecular pump, ion pumps, sieve pumps, adsorption
pumps.

Vacuum measuring devices: Manometers, McLoad gauge, Penning gauge, Pirani

gauge, Ionization gauges.

Calculation of vacuum systems; conductance and throughput, effective pumping

speed, gas flow through pipes and orifices. Sources of leakage, leakage detection
and remedies.

Application of vacuum in materials characterization

Application of vacuum in materials processing; Vacuum induction melting,

vacuum arc melting. Metal refining in vacuum, degassing in liquid state, vacuum
sintering, vacuum coatings.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS

1. Vacuum Technology by A. Roth. North-Holland (2012)
2. Vacuum technology: practice for scientific instruments by N. Yoshimura. 1st
ed. Springer (2007).
3. Vacuum Metallurgy by A. Choudhury. ASM International (1990)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

NUCLEAR METALLURGY & MATERIALS

Credits: 3
Pre-Requisite: NIL

DESCRIPTION
The Nuclear Metallurgy & Materials course covers nuclear structure, radioactive
decay, fission and fusion reactions, and neutron absorption. It explores nuclear
energy, reactor types, fuels, cladding, moderators, and control materials. The
course examines radiation effects on materials, including ductile-to-brittle
transition, radiation hazards, and waste disposal, focusing on the properties of
irradiated materials.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. The student will be able to comprehend nuclear reactions, radioactive
materials and interaction of nuclear radiation with the matter.
2. The student will be able to identify various engineering materials and
their specific applications in nuclear industry.
3.
The student will be able to explain the effects of nuclear radiations on
environment and suggest appropriate safety measures.
COURSE CONTENT
Nuclear structure, radioactive decay, nuclear fission and fusion reactions,
neutron absorption cross section, nuclear energy, nuclear reactors. Type of
reactors, nuclear fuels, uranium, thorium, plutonium, fuel cladding materials,
aluminum alloys, stainless steels, zirconium alloys, reflecting materials, graphite,
beryllium, moderators, light water, heavy water, graphite, control rod materials,
cadmium, boron. Structural materials, low alloy steels, stainless Steels, super
alloys, Inconel, Incolloy. Effect of radiations on ductile to brittle transition of
materials, effect of alloying elements to resist ductile to brittle transition during
irradiation. Electromagnetic radiations damage, particulate damage, radiation
hazards, health physics. Disposal of radio active wastes, study of properties of
irradiated materials.
 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF MATERIALS

Credits: 3+1
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
In this course, the students will learn to perform and interpret the results of
destructive & non-destructive testing of materials as per renowned international
standards. The special emphasis will be on hardness, tensile, compression,
torsion, bending, impact, creep, and fatigue testing. Additionally, different non-
destructive testing techniques will also be discussed in detail. The students will
learn how to ensure the quality of the material to meet the specific industrial
requirement.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
4. Describe the working principles of various material inspection
techniques for their application to engineering materials.
5. Analyze the data generated from various testing techniques to determine
mechanical properties of engineering materials.
6.
Compare different NDT techniques used for determining flaws and other
useful properties of engineering materials to ensure product quality
standards.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to inspection and testing of Materials.
Hardness Testing (Arbitrary or indentation hardness, Rebound of dynamic
hardness, Scratch hardness, Abrasion test, File test. Macrohardness Testing
(Brinell, Rockwell), Microhardness Testing (Knoop, Vicker, Ultrasonic).
Tensile testing (Engineering Stress Strain Curve and its explanation. Resilience,
Toughness, True-stress-strain concepts, ductile & brittle fracture, Power law or
Holloman’s relationship, Effect of strain rate & temperature, Compression test.
Bend test, Torsion test (Rotational-Linear Parallels, Polar Moment of inertia,
torsion properties, Torque Twist Diagram, Torsional stresses for large plastic
strains, Mohr’s Circle, Hot Torsion Test.
Fatigue test (SN curve), Creep test (creep curve), Impact Test (Izod, Charpy),
Temperature Transition Curve (Ductile to Brittle Tranisiton Temperature
Non-destructive testing (Visual Testing, Leak Testing, Radiographic method,
Magnetic particle method, Magnetic flux leakage, Eddy Current Testing, Dye
penetrant method, ultrasonic method, Phase array testing, Thermal/infrared
testing, Vibration Analysis, Boroscopy.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

Reliability and maintainability, inspection of different types of materials and

products for evaluation. Introduction to standards. Familiarization of standards
for testing of materials, ASTM, BS, JIS GOST and ISO. Pakistan Standards.
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)
The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Inspection of Metals: Understanding the Basics by F. C. Campbell, ASM
International (2015)
2. Volume 8: Mechanical Testing and Evaluation, ASM Handbook edited
by H. Kuhn and D. Medlin. ASM International, (2000) Mechanical
Metallurgy by George E. Dieter. McGraw-Hill Book Company (UK)
Ltd., (2002)
3. Introduction to Non-Destructive Testing, a training guide by Paul E.
Mix. 2nd ed. Wiley, (2005)
4. The Science and Engineering of Materials by D. R. Askeland, W. J.
Wright. enhanced 7th ed. Cengage Learning (2020).

5. https://www.nde-ed.org/NDETechniques/index.xhtml .
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

NUMERICAL METHODSAND COMPUTING

Credit: 2+1
Pre-Requisites: Nil

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

The knowledge units in this area collectively encompass the following:
1. To comprehend different numerical techniques such as: error
propagation, interpolation, differentiation, integration, eigenvalues and
solution of algebraic and differential equations
2.To apply the numerical techniques to different linear and nonlinear
engineering problems
COURSE OUTLINE
• Error Analysis and Interpolation
a. Error analysis, Types of error, Sources of error, Norms of vectors
and matrices, Computer arithmetic, Condition number of a matrix,
Significant digits and loss of significant digits, Floating point arithmetic,
Binary and decimal representation, Single and double precision
b. Interpolation: Newton forward and backward difference formula for
interpolation, Central difference interpolation formulae, Lagrange’s
interpolation, Error in interpolation, Linear least square approximation,
Interpolation versus least square approximation, Relevant engineering
case studies
• Numerical Differentiation and Integration
c. Derivation of numerical differentiation of first order and second order
derivatives using two points, three points, and five points formulas
along with its application in engineering, Relevant case studies
d. Numerical integration: Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rules, Composite
Trapezoidal Simpson Rules and Romberg integration, Applications of
numerical in engineering, Relevant case studies
• Methods of solution a system of Linear Equations
a. Solution of system of linear algebraic equations, Gauss elimination
method
b. LU factorization, Tridiagonal solver
c. Applications of these methods in engineering disciplines, Relevant case
studies
• Iterative Methods for Linear and Nonlinear Equations
a. Numerical Solution of nonlinear equations: Bisection method, Newton’s
method, Secant method, Convergence analysis of these methods
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

b. Newton’s method for system of nonlinear equations

c. Solution of system of linear equations by Jacobi, Gauss Seidel and SOR
methods, Applications of these methods in engineering disciplines,
Relevant case studies
• Numerical Methods for IVPs and BVPs
a. Euler’s method and its variations, Taylor’s higher order methods, Error
analysis, Consistency, stability and convergence
b. Runge-Kutta methods of order 2, 3, and 4, Stiff ODEs, Consistency,
stability and convergence
c. Linear multistep methods, Numerical solution of system of ODEs
d. Numerical solution of BVPs by Finite Difference Method
e. Applications in engineering: Some relevant case studies
• Numerical Methods for Computing Eigenvalues
a. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of matrix: power method,
b. Inverse power method, Shifted inverse power method.
c. Applications of eigenvalues in engineering disciplines.
• Numerical Optimization
a. Unconstrained Optimization,
b. Golden search ratio, Lagrange Multipliers,
c. Method of steepest descent
d. Applications of optimization in engineering disciplines
COURSE OUTLINE (PRACTICALS)
Note: “Labs/ Practical: The course practical/labs may be conducted in the
computer lab”
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Richard L. Burden and J. Douglas Faires, Numerical Analysis, Publisher:
Cengage Learning, Latest edition.
2. R.W. Hamming, Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers,
Publisher: Dover Publications, Latest edition.
3. Steven C. Chapra and R. P. Canale, Numerical Methods for Engineers,
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education, Latest edition.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

NON-FERROUS EXTRECTIVE METALLURGY

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
The course focusses on extraction and production of non-ferrous metals from
different ores and scrap. The environmental impacts of non-ferrous metals
production will be presented. The course also discusses the general classification,
properties, physical metallurgy, and applications of important non-ferrous metals
and alloys.

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. explain different methods for extracting nonferrous metals from oxide,
sulfide, and halide sources.
2. analyze phase diagrams of different nonferrous alloys to comprehend
their microstructural features and mechanical behavior.
3. examine the suitability of different nonferrous alloys for a specific
engineering application.
4. analyze the environmental impacts of nonferrous metals production and
develop strategies for their sustainable production.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to Non Ferrous metals. Nonferrous ore deposits in Pakistan, General
extraction processes for nonferrous metallic ores. Principles of metals extraction,
Extraction of metals from oxide sources, Extraction of metals from sulfide ores,
Extraction of metals from halides. Environmental impacts of non-ferrous metals
extraction. Recycling of non-ferrous metals.
General classification, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, phase
relationships, and applications of various non-ferrous alloys such as Aluminum
alloys, Copper alloys, Titanium alloys, Magnesium alloys, Ni alloys, etc.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Extraction of Nonferrous Metals by H.S. Ray, R. Sridhar and K.P.
Abraham. Affiliated East West Press Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, (2007).
2. Extraction of nuclear and non-ferrous metals, S.K. Dutta, D.R. Lodhari,
ebook, Springer, (2018)
3. Principles of Extractive Metallurgy by T. Rosenqvist. 2nd ed. (reprinted),
McGraw Hill, New York, (2004)
4. Light Alloys: Metallurgy of the Light Metals by I. Polmear, D. StJohn,
J.-F. Nie, M. Qian, 5th ed. Butterworth-Heinemann (2017)
5. Physical Metallurgy Principles by R. Abbaschian, L. Abbaschian, R. E.
Reed-Hill. 4th ed. Cengage Learning (2010)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
The course aims to build theoretical knowledge in students about various
manufacturing processes commercially carried out by industries. This knowledge
will help in understanding how the properties of the materials affect the selection
of specific manufacturing operation to produce the quality product to meet the
service conditions.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. explain different manufacturing processes used for shaping or designing
materials.
2. analyze the advantages and limitations of different manufacturing
processes.
3. select the most suitable process for a given material or application.
COURSE CONTENT
Basic concepts of manufacturing and types of manufacturing processes.
Materials and process selection: forging and its types, rolling, extrusion, forming
methods, shearing, blanking, bending, stretch forming, shear forming, flow
turning, deep drawing and incremental forming, upsetting, drawing of rods and
wires. Machining operations for special geometries and high-speed machining,
cutting tools and coolant selection. Electro-discharge machining (EDM), CNC
machining, Rapid prototyping, micro/nano-fabrication and lithography, injection
and blow moulding. Iso-static pressing.
Additive Manufacturing: process fundamentals, applications, and different
processes/techniques for 3D printing.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials by S. Kalpakjian, S.
R. Schmid. 6th ed. Pearson (2021)
2. DeGarmo’s Materials and Processes in Manufacturing by J. T. Black, R.
A. Kohser, 13th ed. Wiley (2019).
3. Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and
Systems by M. P. Groover, 7th ed. Wiley(2019).
4. Additive Manufacturing Technologies by I. Gibson, D. Rosen, B. Stucker,
M. Khorasani. 3rd ed. Springer (2021)
5. Introduction to Manufacturing Processes and Materials by R. C. Creese,
1st ed. Taylor and Francis (1999)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

ENGINEERING CERAMIC & GLASSES

Credits: 3+1
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
This course provides an overview of the structure, properties, manufacturing, and
design of traditional and advanced ceramics. Different characterization techniques
commonly used to evaluate the performance and properties of ceramics will also
be discussed. Additionally, new approaches to enhance fracture toughness of
ceramics will be presented.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. relate different properties (electrical, magnetic, mechanical, and
chemical) of ceramics with their crystal structures.
2. select the most suitable material processing technique for a given
application.
3. analyze different types of sintering and characterization techniques used
for ceramics.
4. analyze the emerging trends in using ceramics for electronics, structural,
and biomedical applications.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to various classes of ceramics, Traditional versus advance ceramics,
History, applications.
Bonding Characteristics of Ceramics.
Production and processing of ceramics, Basic principles and techniques of
consolidation and shaping of ceramics: powder pressing – uni-, bi-axial and cold
& hot isostatic pressing, injection molding, slip casting, tape-casting.
Sintering and sintering theory of ceramics. Defects in Ceramics, Types of
defects and Quasichemical Defect Reactions, Kroger Vink notation and use in
defect equations, Electronic Defects and Band Structure. Glasses, glass-system,
vitrification process in glasses, Structures of Glasses, Zachariasen’s Rules.
Refractory ceramics.
Characterization and property measurement of ceramics. Aerogels. Alumina
ceramics. Zirconia ceramics. SiC ceramics. Si3N4 ceramics. Nuclear ceramics.
Manufacturing processes.
Bio-medical applications of ceramic materials. Ceramics for energy and
environment technologies – an introduction including fuel cell, Thermoelectrics
etc. Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric and Pyro-electric ceramics for insulating, semi-
conducting and super-conducting applications. Li-Ion Batteries. Smart and nano-
ceramics.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)

The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Fundamentals of Ceramics by M. W. Barsoum. 2nd ed. CRC Press, (2020)
2. Modern Ceramic Engineering: Properties, Processing, and Use in Design by
D. W. Richerson, W. E. Lee. 4th ed. CRC Press (2018)
3. Ceramic and Glass Materials: Structure, Properties and Processing edited by
J. F. Shackelford, R. H. Doremus. 1st ed. Springer, (2008)
4. Advanced Ceramics for Versatile Interdisciplinary Applications edited by S.
Singh, P. K. Das, D.P. Mondal, 1st ed. Elsevier (2022)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION & REPORT WRITING

DESCRIPTION
Business Communication & Report Writing covers essential aspects of
effective communication, including its importance, components, and
challenges. It explores the seven C’s for clear and impactful messaging and
addresses communication in global, ethical, and technological contexts. The
book provides guidelines for crafting business messages, writing reports, and
handling good or bad news professionally. It also covers persuasive writing,
interpersonal communication, business meetings, and proposals. Additionally,
it offers insights into the job application process, including resume writing and
interview preparation, to enhance career success.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

Understand the importance and components of effective communication in a

business environment. Apply the principles of the seven C’s to ensure clarity,
conciseness, and correctness in communication. Recognize cultural and ethical
influences on business communication in a global context.Utilize modern
communication technologies for effective information management within and
outside organizations.Develop well-structured business messages, reports, and
proposals tailored to various audiences.

COURSE CONTENT
The Business Communication & Report Writing course, with a credit hour
value of 3, provides a comprehensive understanding of effective
communication in professional settings. It covers the importance, benefits, and
components of communication, including verbal and nonverbal aspects, while
addressing common challenges. The course delves into the seven C’s of
effective communication—completeness, conciseness, consideration,
concreteness, clarity, courtesy, and correctness—ensuring professionalism in
messaging. It explores communication in global and ethical contexts,
considering cultural and ethical influences on business interactions.
Technological aspects such as email and other communication tools for
managing information within and outside organizations are also discussed.
The course focuses on crafting effective business messages through structured
planning, organizational strategies, and message composition, emphasizing the
design and appearance of business letters, memorandums, and timesaving
media. Students will learn to handle good-news, neutral, and bad-news
messages professionally and craft persuasive written messages such as sales
letters and requests. The curriculum includes guidance on preparing short and
long reports, proposals, and improving oral and listening skills for effective
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)
presentations and meetings. It also addresses interpersonal communication,
including interviewing, telephoning, and dictation, along with strategies for
conducting successful business and group meetings. Finally, the course covers
the job application process, including self-assessment, resume and cover letter
writing, interview preparation, follow-up strategies, and negotiation skills,
equipping students with the necessary tools for professional success.

PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)

The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Business Communication: Process and Product by Mary Ellen Guffey
and Dana Loewy
2. Excellence in Business Communication by John V. Thill and Courtland
L. Bovee
3. Effective Business Communication by Asha Kaul
4. Business Communication Today by Courtland L. Bovee and John V.
Thill
5. Technical Communication: A Practical Approach by William S. Pfeiffer
and K. Thomas
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

FOUNDRY ENGINEERING I & II

Credits: 4+2
Pre-Requisite: Non-Ferrous Metallurgy

DESCRIPTION
This course provides a thorough understanding of the principles, techniques, and
applications of various foundry processes. The students will also learn course
various foundry processes starting from raw material preparation to finished
product inspection.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. describe types of foundries, discuss various types of patterns, their

materials, and pattern allowances.
2. differentiate between various casting processes & their end products.
3. select the right mold material and gating system to produce sound
castings.
4. identify various casting defects and report remedies to minimize or
remove these defects.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to Foundry Engineering and Practice; Scope and importance;
Foundry industry in Pakistan; Types and different sections of a foundry; foundry
tools, machines and types of furnaces; Furnace Charges and Calculations.
Pattern; pattern design, materials and pattern making techniques. Selection,
properties and testing of suitable molding and core materials. Molding Processes:
Green sand and dry sand molding; Shell molding; Core sand molding; CO 2
molding; water glass molding; resin sand molding; alpha set and no bake process;
molding sand properties and testing. Pit and floor molding; Loam molding;
Molding machines and equipment; Mold coatings; 3D printing in sand molding.
Molding Cores: Ingredients and Properties of core sand; Binders; core design,
coatings; baking and finishing; core testing.
Mold designing: Design and essentials of gating system; design of pouring cups
sprue; runners types and gates; Gating ratio; riser shape, location and design;
pressure-less and pressurized gating systems
Other foundry techniques: Plaster casting; Investment casting; low pressure die
casting; high pressure die casting; Permanent mold casting; Centrifugal casting;
Slush casting; Ingot as casting; Gravity die casting
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

Ferrous and non-ferrous casting techniques; selection and control of melting

processes; Casting and fettling operation; Metal gas interaction; Solidification of
pure metal and alloys; Solidification in a mold; Directional and non-directional
solidification, Cast Irons
Casting Defect types; remedies; inspection of castings; Role of casting simulations
to control defects and minimize losses. Casting Cleaning methods
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)
The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
6. Principles of Metal Casting by M. Sahoo, S. Sahu, 3 rd ed. McGraw Hill
(2014)
7. Complete Casting Handbook: Metal Casting Processes, Metallurgy,
Techniques and Design by J. Campbell, 2 nd ed. Butterworth Heinemann
(2015)
8. Principles of Foundry Technology by P. L. Jain. 8 th ed. McGraw-Hill,
(2008)
9. Foundry Technology by P. Beeley, 2nd ed. Butterworth-Heinemann (2001)
10. The Foseco Non-Ferrous Foundryman’s Hand Book by J. R. Brown.
Butterworth-Heinemann (1999)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

CORROSION AND PROTECTION

Credits: 3+1
Pre-Requisite: Materials Thermodynamics

DESCRIPTION
This course entails description of corrosion mechanisms, types, and prevention
strategies. Starting with the fundamentals of corrosion science, the course
progresses to include electrochemical reactions, environmental effects, and
degradation processes. Additionally, various corrosion prevention and protection
techniques will be explored.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. apply electrochemical principles to determine corrosion rates in

different situations.
2. analyze various corrosion processes and their underlying mechanisms.
3. determine the effectiveness of different types of corrosion prevention
methods, including inhibitors, coatings, and cathodic protection.
4. select the most suitable method to protect the material from corrosion.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to Corrosion – Electrochemical Nature; Electrochemical cell and
Principles; corrosion rate expressions (based on weight loss & penetration); EMF
& Galvanic Series; Nernst Equation & its application; Reference electrodes.
Pourbaix Diagrams (Al, Fe, Zn E-pH diagrams); thermodynamic approach to
pourbaix diagrams; equilibrium conditions; limitations of pourbaix diagrams.
Corrosion Kinetics; Polarization; different types of corrosion and their control.
Passivity; Cathodic protection (CP) & design of CP system; Anodic Protection.
Electrochemical parameters & their use in corrosion studies.
Corrosion Prevention Methods (Corrosion control) by: Inhibition, Coatings,
Corrosion testing through weight loss and electrochemical methods. Selection
of materials
Introduction to API methods of Corrosion evaluation.
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)
The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS

1. Corrosion Science and Engineering by P. Pedeferri, Springer link (2018)
2. Corrosion Engineering by M. G. Fontana. 3rd ed. Tata McGraw-Hill,
(2005)
3. API-571 Document.
4. Handbook of Corrosion Engineering by P. R. Roberge. 2 nd ed. McGraw-
Hill (2012)
5. Corrosion and Corrosion Control: An Introduction to Corrosion Science
and Engineering by R. W. Revie, H. H.Uhlig. Wiley (2008)
6. Corrosion Technology, Vol.1,2, by I. H. Khan. Institute of Chemical
Engineering, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
7. Corrosion and Protection edited by E. Bardal.1st ed. Springer (2004)
8. Handbook of Corrosion Engineering: Modern Theory, Fundamentals and
Practical Applications by C. M. Hussain, C. Verma, J. Aslam, R. Aslam,
S. Zehra. Elsevier (2023).
9. Principles and Prevention of Corrosion by D. A. Jones. Prentice Hall
(1996)

\
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

WELDING & OTHER JOINING PROCESS

Credits: 3
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
This is a specialized course that discusses various methods and techniques used
to effectively join different materials. This multidisciplinary course emphasizes
the understanding of fundamental principles, practical applications, and
advanced trends in joining processes. Starting with traditional joining methods
such as welding, brazing, and soldering, students will also learn modern joining
processes.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. classify and distinguish various industrial fusion and non-fusion

welding processes.
2. apply fabrication knowledge to formulate joints via brazing, soldering,
and adhesive bonding.
3. analyze the basic metallurgical changes during welding processes
4.
evaluate fabricated joints for soundness and defects free structures
according to governing specifications
COURSE CONTENTa
• Introduction to Joining Processes and Classification.
• Fusion Welding: Arc Welding Processes; Resistance Welding processes;
Special Welding processes
• Solid State Welding: Brazing, Soldering, Adhesive Bonding, Friction stir
welding, etc.
• Metallurgy of Welding: Weld-ability of Ferrous and Non-ferrous Alloy
Systems, Stresses in Welds, Testing and Non-Destructive Evaluation of
Welds.
• Formulation of WPS, WPQ and WPR, Fabrication and Repair procedures
for Weld Assemblies, Welding of Dissimilar Materials with special
emphasis on Metal-Ceramic and Ceramic-Ceramic Joining, recent Trends
in Joining Technologies.
• Polymers as joining materials, glasses as joining materials
• Joining of Polymers, Joining of Ceramics
• Polymers and glasses as joining materials
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)
The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS

1. Welding: Principles and Applications, L. Jeffus. 9 th ed. Cengage Learning
(2020)
2. Principles of Welding: Processes, Physics, Chemistry and Metallurgy by R.
W. Messler, Jr. 1st ed. Wiley-VCH (2015)
3. Joining of Materials and Structures: From Pragmatic Process to Enabling
Technology, Robert W. Messler. 1st ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, (2004)
4. Metallurgy of Welding by J. F. Lancaster. 6 th ed. Woodhead Publishing
(1999)
5. Advanced Joining Processes: Welding, Plastic Deformation, and Adhesion
edited by L. D. Silva, M. El-Zein, P. Martins. Elsevier (2021) Friction Stir
Welding and Processing: Fundamentals to Advancements edited by S.
Rathee, M. Srivastava, J. P. Davim. Wiley (2024)

POLYMER AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Credits: 3+1
Pre-Requisite: Introduction to Engineering Materials

DESCRIPTION
This course provides an overview of the structure, properties, and applications
of polymeric and composite materials. The discussion will consider the needs of
society and industry. The students will learn about various properties (such as
thermal, rheological, and mechanical), processing and characterization of such
materials.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. describe general features including physical, chemical, and mechanical
properties of polymers and composite materials.
2. compare different manufacturing processes used for polymers and
composite materials considering their advantages, limitations, and
suitability for a given situation.
3. analyze different characterization techniques used to evaluate polymers
and composite materials.
4. assess latest research trends in polymers and composite materials.
COURSE CONTENT
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)
Introduction to polymeric and composite materials. Classification of polymeric
and composite materials.
Molecular structure of polymers. Principles, kinetics and mechanisms of
polymerization. Systems and techniques of polymerization. Different Additives
for polymers. Glass transitioning temperature. Polymers’ crystallinity. Liquid
crystal polymers. Visco-elastic behavior of polymeric materials. Polymer
Processing, Polymer testing & Characterization, Smart Polymers, Degradation
of polymeric materials.
Role of Interface in composites. Fibers, whiskers and particulates in composites:
Synthesis and properties of glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, metallic
and ceramic fibers and particulates. Matrixes and interface developments,
Manufacturing of PMC’s (Polymeric Matrix Composites), MMCs (Metal Matrix
Composites) and CMCs (Ceramic Matrix Composites).
Mechanics of composites, Factors effecting mechanical properties of polymers
and composites, rule of mixture, calculations related to rule of mixtures, multi-
ply laminates, Halpin-Tsai equations.
Recycling of polymers and composites, Latest research trends in polymers and
composites, Material Selection for different applications. Nanocomposites
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)

The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Polymer Science and Technology by J. R. Fried. 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, (2014)
2. Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering by W. F. Smith, J.
Hashemi. 7th ed. Mc Graw Hill (2022)
3. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering by W. D. Callister, D.
G. Rethwisch: An Integrated Approach. 5th ed. Wiley (2018)
4. Introduction to Composite Materials Design by E. J. Barero. 3 rd ed. CRC
Press (2018)
5. Principles of Composite Material Mechanics by R. F. Gibson. 4 th ed. CRC
Press (2016)
6. Smart Polymers and their Applications edited by M. R. Aguilar, J. S. Roman.
Woodhead Publishing Limited (2014)
7. Composite Materials: Science and Applications by D. D. L. Chung. 2nd ed.
Springer (2010)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
Credit: 3+0
Pre-Requisites: Nil

COURSE OUTLINE
Introduction & role of statistics in engineering.

1. Population & samples, Variables, Methods of displaying data sets, Stem

& leaf display, Histogram, Histogram shapes, Boxplot, Bar chart, Pareto
diagram, Dot diagram, Frequency distributions & their graphs, Outlier.

2. Mean, Median, Quartile, Percentile, Range, Deviation from mean, Sample

variance, Sample standard deviation, Coefficient of variation.

3. Probability, Concepts & definitions, Basic theorems of probability, Law of

total probability, Bayes theorem, Discrete and continuous random variables
and their probability distributions, Density and distribution functions;
Expectation.

4. Mean & variance of discrete & continuous random variables, Binomial

distribution, Poisson distribution, Normal distribution, t-distribution, Chi-
square distribution, F-distribution.

5. Sampling techniques and sampling distribution; Point estimation and interval

estimation of parameters, Least square linear & polynomial regression,
Linearization of nonlinear models, Correlation, Design of experiments,
Analysis of variance.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Applied Statistics for Engineers & Scientists by Devore/Farnum. 3rd ed.
Thomas.

2. Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists by Ronald E. Walpole.

8th ed. Pearson Educational International, (2007).

3. Probability and Statistics for Engineering and Sciences. 8th ed. CENGAGE
Learning.

4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig. 11th ed. John and

Wiley and Sons.
5. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers by Montgomery and
Runger. 3rd ed. John and Wiley and Sons.
6. Probability and Random Variables and Stochastic Processes by Papoulis
Athanasios, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Inc.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

STEEL MAKING AND TECHNOLOGY

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
The course is intended to impart to the students a basic understanding of the
contemporary iron and steel making routes, raw materials for iron and steel
making and their characterization. The environmental impacts of iron and
steelmaking will also be discussed. Additionally, the students will also study the
latest developments in this field such as green steel production.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. describe the general features of iron and steel-making processes.
2. apply the fundamental principles of thermodynamics to manage the
processes that control the quality and composition of iron and steel.
3. analyze the developments in processes aimed at improving the efficiency
of iron and steel-making.
4.
evaluate the harmful impact of iron and steel-making industries on the
environment and suggest suitable measures to reduce that.
COURSE CONTENT
A brief review of solution thermodynamics. Mineral processing of iron ores,
agglomeration processes for iron ores, blast furnace process and reactions, blast
furnace gas cleaning system and blast furnace stoves. Recent developments
in BF process. Alternate iron making processes. Introduction to steelmaking
fundamentals, oxidation reactions in steelmaking processes. Primary steelmaking
processes: basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF), design
and process description, latest trends in BOF and EAF Processes. Induction
furnace, design, and process description. Secondary steelmaking processes:
argon purging, ladle de-oxidation, degassing, and emerging ladle metallurgy
processes. Continuous casting of steel. Charge calculations for iron and steel
making processes.

Environmental impacts of steel industry. Green steel making processes. Concepts

of standards and specification of ferrous alloy systems.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Basic Concepts of Iron and Steel Making by S. K. Dutta and Y. B. Chokshi,
(eBook), Springer Nature, (2020).
2. Modern Blast Furnace Ironmaking an introduction, M. Geerdes, R.
Chaigneau, O. Lingiardi, R. Molenaar, R.V, Opbergen, Y. Sha, J. Warren,
4th ed., IOS press (2023)
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

POWDER METALLURGY

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course provides a deep understanding of the principles, processes, materials,
and applications involved in the production and utilization of powdered materials.
Powder metallurgy (PM) is a manufacturing process that enables the production
of complex-shaped components with required properties. This makes PM an
important technology in various industries including aerospace, automotive,
electronics, biomedical, and other industrial applications.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. understand the applications, advantages, limitations and design

considerations of PM products.
2. explain various metallic powder production techniques.
3. compare different testing methods used to determine quality of metallic
powders.
4.
evaluate and design different approaches for the sustainability of the
process.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction to powder metallurgy, Applications of powder metallurgy.
Advantages and design limitations of powder metallurgy
Powder particles sampling, dispersion & de-agglomeration; Sieve and
microscopic analysis; sedimentation; laser light; particle size distributions; data
presentation
Characterization of powders: microstructure; particle shape; pycnometer; surface
area test; internal structure and chemistry
Production of powders: mechanical methods; electrolytic methods; Atomization
techniques; chemical methods
Powders modification and handling; mixing and blending; different lubricants
and binders; Powders molding, shaping and compaction (cold and hot compacting
methods physical characteristics of powder compacts, compaction defects).
Sintering theory and practices, solid state and liquid phase sintering, modern
sintering techniques, sintering atmospheres, thermodynamics of sintering.
Inspection and quality control for P/M parts, the economics of P/M production,
new development in powder metallurgy processes
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS

Credits: 3+1
Pre-Requisite: Physical Metallurgy

DESCRIPTION
The course presents the principles of thermodynamics and kinetics of phase
transformation. These principles are used to understand various types of
transformations during different heat treatments. Additionally, the effect of
different heat treatment processes on the mechanical properties of the alloys will
be presented. The role of composition, time, and temperature of transformation
on the evolution of different microstructures will be taught.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. Apply thermodynamic principles to predict the stability of phases and
construct phase diagrams.
2. Analyze mechanisms involving diffusion-less and diffusion involving
solid-state transformations.
3. Correlate the effects of various heat treatments and phase transformations
on the microstructure and mechanical properties of metals and alloys.
4.
Design a heat treatment process for common metals/alloys to develop
desired microstructure and properties.
COURSE CONTENT
Thermodynamics of Phase Transformation: Gibbs free energy and phase
equilibrium. Free-energy changes in single component system, Clausius
Clapeyron equation. Gibbs free energy changes in binary alloys, Free energy of
mixing, Ideal and real solutions, Ordered-disordered phases. G vs XB curves and
phase diagrams, Gibbs phase rule. Driving Force for diffusion, free energy and
diffusion, Fick’s first and second laws of diffusion. Interfaces: Structure and types
of interfaces, free energy of grain boundary, Nucleation and Growth: Nucleation
of precipitates from a supersaturated matrix, driving force for nucleation.
Diffusion and diffusion less transformations: Kinetics and mechanisms of
Austenitic, Pearlitic, Bainitic and martensitic transformations. Time temperature
transformation and continuous cooling diagrams.
Heat Treatment processes: Annealing, normalizing, and quenching processes.
Hardenability measurement techniques. Surface hardening methods. Precipitation
hardening (ageing). Heat treatment of die and tool steels, heat treatment of cast-
irons, heat treatment of common non-ferrous alloys.
PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS (If Any)
The course practical/ labs should be defined and synchronized with the course
outline.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT AND

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
UGE Policy V1.1: General Education Course

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisites: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course is designed to promote entrepreneurial spirit and outlook among
students, encouraging them to think critically, identify opportunities, and
transform their ideas into successful ventures. It aims at imparting them with the
requisite knowledge; skills and abilities, enabling them to seize the identified
opportunities for initiating ventures and successfully navigating the challenges
that come with starting business and managing it. The course covers topics
relevant to entrepreneurship including setting up and initiation of business
(including requirements for registration and incorporation with regulators such
as SECP and others), market research, opportunity identification, business
planning, financial literacy for managing finances and securing funding,
marketing and sales, team building and innovation. Overall, the course is geared
towards personal growth and professional development for pursing innovative
ideas, availing opportunities and initiating start-ups.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of this course, students shall have:
1. Knowledge of fundamental entrepreneurial concepts, skills and process;
2. Understanding on different personal, social and financial aspects associated
with entrepreneurial activities;
3. Basic understanding of regulatory requirements to set up an enterprise in
Pakistan, with special emphasis on export;
4. Ability to apply knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the course to
develop a feasible business plan for implementation.
COURSE OUTLINE
1. Introduction to Entrepreneurship:
• Definition and concept of entrepreneurship;
• Why to become an entrepreneur?
• Entrepreneurial process;
• Role of entrepreneurship in economic development.
2. Entrepreneurial Skills:
• Characteristics and qualities of successful entrepreneurs (including sto-
ries of successes and failures);
• Areas of essential entrepreneurial skills and ability areas such as cre-
ative and critical thinking, innovation and risk taking.
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

FRACTURE MECHANICS AND FAILURE ANALYSIS

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course provides an in-depth analysis of fracture mechanics, and covers
topics such as fracture and failure mechanisms, testing methods, and failure
analysis techniques. Griffith’s and Orowan’s theories, as well as linear elastic
and elastoplastic fracture mechanics will also be discussed. Students will also
learn about the fracture toughness testing of composite materials.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. explain fracture theories regarding fracture behavior.

2. apply principles of linear elastic and elastoplastic fracture mechanics to
analyze fracture behavior under different loading conditions.
3. analyze and compare different fracture toughness testing methods.
4.
evaluate different failure analysis procedures used to identify the root
causes of mechanical/industrial failures.
COURSE CONTENT
Fracture and its types, ductile, brittle (intergranular and transgranular), Plane
stress and plane strain conditions, Griffith’s and Orowon theory of fracture.
Linear elastic and elastoplastic fracture mechanics. Fracture Toughness Testing,
stress intensity factor and its range. Paris Law. Determination of K1c, Compact
Tension, J-integral and Crack Opening Displacement (COD) methods. Tensile,
Creep, Fatigue and environmental fractures. Stress corrosion cracking. Ductile to
Brittle Transition Temperature and its determination. Fracture toughness testing
of composites materials. Fracture toughness testing of reinforced/composite
materials.
Failure analysis procedures; Fractography and Case studies of fractured
components; different types of mechanical/industrial failures; root cause analysis
and remedial actions
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Deformation and fracture mechanics of engineering materials by R. P.
Vinci, R. W. Hertzberg, J. L. Hertzberg. 6th ed. Wiley (2021)
2. Fracture Mechanics by C. T. Sun, Z.-H. Jin. Academic Press (2012)
3. ASM Handbook on Failure Analysis and Prevention, Volume 11, Latest
edition
4. ASM Handbook on Fractography, Volume 12, Latest edition
 Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

ADVANCED MATERIALS

Credits: 3+0
Pre-Requisite: Physical Metallurgy

DESCRIPTION
This course discusses the principles, properties, and applications of materials
beyond the basics covered in introductory courses. This course discusses
advanced materials that are shaping the future of various industries including
electronics, aerospace, healthcare, and energy.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. explain the peculiar properties and applications of different advanced

materials.
2. assess and compare the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of
advanced materials.
3.
analyze the challenges associated with developing and implementing
advanced materials for engineering applications in the real-world.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction: Functionally graded materials, Smart materials, Optical materials,
Semiconductors, Superconductors, advanced steels and bulk metallic glasses
(BMG) etc.

High Temperature Materials, superalloys, refractory metals and alloys,

Intermetallics, ceramics, carbon-carbon composites.

Advanced Alloying: mechanically alloyed metals, ODS alloys.

Energy Materials: Basics of energy materials, Types of energy materials, Fuel

cell, solar cells, materials for hydrogen generation and storage.

Biomaterials and Nanomaterials.

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Advanced Materials-An Introduction to Modern Materials Science by A.
Behera. 1st ed., Springer (2021)
2. Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications edited by A.
K. Haghi, A. K. Zachariah, N. Kalariakkal. CRC press (2013)
3. Modern Materials and Manufacturing Techniques edited by R. Kant. 1 st
ed. CRC Press (2024)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

4. Modern Materials and Manufacturing Processes by R. G. Bruce, W. K.

Dalton, J. E. Nelley, R. R. Kibbe. 3rd ed. Prentice Hall (2004).
5. An Introduction to Biomaterials edited by J. O. Hollinger. 2 nd ed. CRC
Press (2012)
6. Introduction to Nanotechnology by C. P. Poole Jr., F. J. Owens. Wiley
(2003)
7. Chemistry and Physics of Modern Materials: Processing, Production
and Applications edited by J. N. Aneli, A. Jimenez, S. Kubica. Apple
Academic Press & CRC Press (2013)
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

DESIGN AND SELECTION OF MATERIALS

Credits: 2+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

DESCRIPTION
This course provides details of the basic principles, tools, and strategies involved
in designing and selecting materials for a specific situation. Topics such as
materials information, properties charts, and selection strategies for materials
are part of this course. Using case studies, students will also be provided insights
into the application of materials selection principles in the real world. By the end
of this course, students will have the knowledge to select materials for a specific
requirement.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. explain various resources available for selection and design of a material

for a specific application.
2. design or select material for a specific application using modern tools.
3. analyze conflicting goals and constraints while selecting materials.
4.
examine case studies to understand the application of materials selection
principles in the real world and to identify optimal practices.
COURSE CONTENT
Introduction – Materials and design: Materials design, the design process, types
of design, design tools and materials data. Function, material, shape and process
Elements of materials selection: Materials information for design, material
property charts, selection strategy, attribute limits and material index, the
selection procedure, computer-aided selection, Material selector, materials data
resources (ASM, ASME standards and codes references, websites) the structural
index. Effect of process on properties and cost

Constraints and conflicting objectives: Selection and multiple constraints,

conflicting objectives. Material life-cycle and its assessment, sustainability. Case
studies
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Materials Selection in Mechanical Design by M. F. Ashby. 4th ed.
Butterworth-Heinemann (2011).
2. Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design by M. F. Ashby,
H. Shercliff, D. Cebon. 4th ed. Butterworth-Heinemann (2018).
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

Mechanical behavior of thin films and coatings; Mechanical behavior of

Polymers, Ceramics, glasses and composites; Weibull Modulus
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL/ READING MATERIALS
1. Mechanical Behavior of Material, N. E. Dowling, S. L. Kampe, M. V.
Kral, 5th ed. Pearson (2019)
2. Mechanical Behaviour of Engineering Materials: Metals, Ceramics,
Polymers by J. Roesler, H. Harders, M. Baeker. 1 st ed. Springer (2007)
3. Mechanical Metallurgy by G. E. Dieter. SI Metric ed. McGraw Hill Inc.
(2002)
4. Deformation and Fracture Mechanics of Engineering Materials by R. W.
Hertzberg, R. P. Vinci, J. L. Hertzberg. 6th ed. Wiley (2021).
5. Introduction to Dislocations by D. Hull, D. J. Bacon. 5th ed. Butterworth-
Heinemann (2011).
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)

PROJECT

Credits: 6+0
Pre-Requisite: Nil

ABSTRACT
Because of the remarkable properties, steel a is metal that is selected to work
in a high temperature environment. But in some of the applications i.e., cutting
tools, dies etc Over heating of steel is prohibited as it damages the tool life,
and it is controlled by cooling the steel by means of the quenchants. So, the
cooling medium must extract heat from the components effectively so that the
life of the components may not be damaged. In many industries tap water,
brine, engine oil etc are used as a cooling medium but due to their corrosive in
case of water, non-eco nature in case of oil, and unsatisfied heat extraction
rates these cooling mediums tend to damage the tool life. So, major aim of
present work was to prepare a nanofluids that could extract the heat efficiently
and effectively as compared to the traditional working fluids. Nanofluids are
the colloidal suspension of ceramic and nanometric particles in a base fluid
which are known to have higher heat extraction rates.
Present work provides the detail of experimental work carried out to synthesize
three nanofluids namely MgO, Cu doped MgO and Cu doped MgO salt
nanofluid. FTIR and UV visible spectroscopy techniques were used to
characterize the Cu doped MgO. For study of heat extraction rate of nanofluid
the AISI 4140 steel samples were heated up to austenitizing temperature and
then cooled by using the Jominey End Quench Test (JEQT) Procedure. The
hardness profile and microstructures evidence recorded at different locations of
test samples were used to conceive the heat extraction rate of the fluids.
Results of present work showed that cooling rate of nanofluids are sufficiently
high as compared to water. In our case the heat extraction rate/cooling rate of
copper doped (MgO) was 60.71 ⁰C/s, whereas heat extraction rate/cooling rate
of copper doped (MgO) salt and MgO was 42.5 ⁰C/s, was 28.33 ⁰C/s
respectively. These results suggested that nanofluids offer substantially higher
cooling rate so must be applied for promoting the structural integrity of the too
steels.
Bachelor of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Curriculum (2024)