Zimbabwe National Mine

Action Standards – 06

First Edition February 2013

Training Requirements for

Mine Action in Zimbabwe

Director ZIMAC,
Harare, Zimbabwe
Tel: +263 4 703530
Email: [email protected]
 ZNMAS 06
First Edition
February 2013

WARNING

This document is current with effect from the date shown on the cover page. As the
Zimbabwe National Mine Action Standards (ZNMAS) they are subject to regular review and
revision, users should consult the ZIMAC ([email protected] in order to verify its
status.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE

This document is a Zimbabwe National Mine Action Standard (ZNMAS) and is protected by
the National Mine Action Authority of Zimbabwe (NAMAAZ) on behalf of the Government of
Zimbabwe. This document is written in accordance with the International Mine Action
Standards (IMAS) and upholds the same conventions advocated by IMAS relating to all Mine
Action activities governed and supported by IMAS.

Neither this document, nor any extract from it, may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in
any form, or by any means, for any other purpose without prior written permission from
ZIMAC.

This document is not to be sold.

Director
Zimbabwe National Mine Action Centre
Harare, Zimbabwe
Telephone: +263 4 703530
Email: [email protected]

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AMENDMENT RECORD

Management of ZNMAS Amendments

As amendments are made to this ZNMAS by the NAMAAZ they will be given a record
number, and the date and general details of the amendment will be added in the table
below. It is the responsibility of the holders of the ZNMAS to record and place the
amendment into the appropriate part of this document and to further insure that the copy
held is fully up-to-date with the copy held by ZIMAC.

Number Date Amendment Details Signature

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Contents
Contents ............................................................................................................................. .Page 3
1. Introduction …………………………………………… .............. ………………………………..4
2. Scope ................................................................................................................................... 4
3. References ........................................................................................................................... 4
4. Terms and Definitions .......................................................................................................... 4
5. Qualifications and Experience ............................................................................................. 4
6. Selection of Candidates ....................................................................................................... 5
7. Training Curriculum.............................................................................................................. 5
8. Basic Demining Module ....................................................................................................... 6
9. Team Leader Module ........................................................................................................... 6
10. EOD Module ........................................................................................................................ 6
11. Instructors Module ............................................................................................................... 6
12. Training Development Module ............................................................................................. 6
13. Supervisors (Field Manager) Module................................................................................... 6
14. Basic First Aid Training Module ........................................................................................... 7
15. Paramedic Module ............................................................................................................... 7
16. Mine Detection Dog Handler Module ................................................................................... 7
17. Quality Assurance Monitor Module ...................................................................................... 7
18. Course Content and Duration .............................................................................................. 7
19. Supervision and Evaluation ................................................................................................. 7

Annex A References ............................................................................................................... A1

Annex B Suggested Humanitarian Deminig Course – Plans And Syllabus ............................ B1

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1. Introduction

1.1 A high standard of training is essential to maintain good management, sound

operational procedures and safety. The Zimbabwe ZIMAC mine action program provides the
minimum standards and curriculum content for agencies to comply with. Revision training is
the responsibility of the demining organisation.

1.2 All mine action agencies (commercial, military, and NGO) international and national
staff that conduct demining operations in Zimbabwe shall train all staff to the minimum
standard before commencing operations. ZIMAC will conduct Quality Assurance inspections
on training activities conducted by demining organisations. Organisations are required to
have comprehensive training programs implemented to maintain quality of output. All
demining employees shall undergo comprehensive training applicable to the position they
hold in the demining organization. Training programs shall include regular revision training.

Training Requirements

2. Scope

2.1 This NS defines the requirements for the training of demining and medical personnel
involved in mine action activities. [This NS has been written in the absence of a published
IMAS and may be revised when the applicable IMAS is issued.]

3. References

3.1 A list of normative references is given in Annex A. Normative references are

important documents to which reference is made in this standard and which form part of the
provisions of this standard.

4. Terms and definitions

4.1 The terms and definitions in this NS are in compliance with IMAS 04.10 (Glossary of
mine action terms and abbreviations) and all terms that have been developed locally have
been captured in ZNMAS 04 Glossary of mine action terms and abbreviations in Zimbabwe.

5. Qualifications and experience

5.1 Mine/UXO organizations shall have senior staff members with qualifications and
significant experience in mine/UXO clearance operations. They shall be able to conduct
training in their area of expertise in order to augment the entry level training conducted in the
respective disciplines when an employee person enters the demining industry. The intent is
to ensure capacity building is implemented and continued.

5.2 It is essential that these specialists are able to conduct training and support functions
to the standards set by ZIMAC. Organizations shall submit proof of their international and
national staff’s qualification and experience to ZIMAC that they are adequately qualified to fill
their respective position.

5.3 All personnel completing the training conducted should be able to perform at the level
established by ZIMAC under the guidance of the International Mine Action Standards (IMAS)
for mine/ERW clearance operations. This is essential for all organisations conducting
mine/ERW clearance related activities, including surveying, mine clearance, demolitions,
EOD, QA and medical tasks in the ZIMAC mine/ERW clearance programme.

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6. Selection of candidates

6.1 Demining organizations shall ensure that personnel that are selected for operational
training are medically and mentally fit. Applicants should be tested for physical, hearing, and
sight deficiencies and shall not be employed in demining operations if they cannot
adequately operate equipment safely.

6.2 The following medical entry standard should be applied for operational training of
staff: Deminers should pass a medical examination that certifies that they have passed a
minimum level of physical and mental fitness that is acceptable to the demining agency. The
pre-entry medical examination should cover the following:

a). Physique, upper limbs, locomotion, hearing test, blood pressure, urine test,
eye test, mental stability assessment.

b). A declaration from the applicant if they have experienced any problems in the
following areas:

1. Heart disease, heart attack, angina, congenital disorder, rheumatic fever.

2. Raised blood pressure/raise cholesterol, varicose veins/thrombosis/blood
disorders.
3.Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, TB, lung diseases.
 4.Jaundice, liver condition, gall bladder disease.
5. Gastric/duodenal ulcers, hernia, any other digestive system disorder.
 6. Congenital kidney disease, other kidney or bladder disease.
7. Any neurological disorders, epilepsy, migraine, stroke.
 8. Malaria, any other tropical disease.
9. Heat stroke/heat exhaustion.
 10. Is the applicant under any current medication?

7. Training curriculum

7.1 The majority of the curriculum necessary for mine/ERW clearance at various
practical, supervisory, and management levels are well known and the syllabus is generally
similar to other mine action programs. Demining organizations shall submit their training
syllabus to ZIMAC for approval before training commences.

7.2 The course syllabus may be extended to suit specialist training required for a
particular project, however the curriculum outlined in this document is the minimum
requirement. All trainees shall receive a certificate from the training organization. Training
records shall record each employees training record detailing the extent of the training,
experience attained, and revision training conducted. Previous experience can result in
cross crediting of modules, upon approval by the respective agencies Training Manager.

7.3 Recommendations should be included in the training record, if required, that provides
any limitation in regard the extent of tasks that can be conducted by the organisation. The
intent is to provide a system where gradual capacity building is provided in clear concise
terms for a group of trainees in a manner that provides controlled transfer of skills.

7.4 Training terminology and course names may alter to those listed in this NS, however
the structure of the demining organisation shall be supported by a suitable well developed
training plan that ensures the correct levels of qualification, supervision, and experience are
developed and maintained. The training modules outlined in this NS are considered the
minimum acceptable training level to conduct MA operations in Zimbabwe.

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8. Basic Demining Module

8.1 A Basic Demining module Includes; mine identification, metal detectors, prodding,
trip wire identification, vegetation clearance, manual clearance, technical survey, mechanical
operations, Mine Detection Dog (MDD) operations, building clearance, route clearance, mine
marking, and basic first aid.

8.2 The basic demining course shall be the minimum required for all personnel involved
in mine/ERW clearance activities to operate in a task that may involve various aspects of
integrated operations. The basic demining course shall not be less than twenty working days
excluding any confirmation/integration training, and shall include practical training and
testing. A suggested Humanitarian Deminig Course – Plans and Syllabus is shown at Annex
B.

8.3 Regular revision or continuation training is the responsibility of each demining

organisation and shall be conducted at appropriate intervals. Revision training should be
carried out after a leave period or when a demining accident has taken place.

9. Team Leader Module

9.1 This course is designed for supervisors that includes basic leadership, supervisory
roles, minefield task planning, minefield task management, technical survey, GPS,
mechanical operations, MDD operations, integrated operations, EOD operations in manual
clearance tasks, field camp management, introduction to Zimbabwe NS, and introduction to
the demining agency organization logistics system. Prerequisite to attend a Team Leaders
course is having qualified on a Basic Demining course.

10. EOD Module

10.1 This includes identification of ERW and EOD task management procedure with
detailed training on fuses, site command and control, cordon command and control,
demolition techniques, low order techniques (optional), hook and line techniques, protective
works, sketching, GPS, map and compass techniques, reports and returns, explosives and
accessories, charge placement, grenades, pyrotechnics and Explosive Ordnance
Reconnaissance (EOR).

10.2 Prerequisite for attendance on the EOD course is a qualification on the Basic
Deminers course.

11. Instructors Module

11.1 This includes basic methods of instruction techniques, use of training aids, practical
and theory lesson techniques. The prerequisite is to have attended a Team Leaders course.

12. Training Development Module

This includes scoping job analysis, developing Training Management Plans (TMP),
validating instruction and revising TMP’s. The prerequisite is to have attended the Instructors
course.

13. Supervisors (Field Manager) Module

13.1 This includes advanced site planning, task management, production management,
field camp design, logistics, administration, Zimbabwe national Standard in detail,
introduction to IMAS, and incident/inquiry procedures.

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14. Basic First Aid Training Module

This module is included on the Basic Demining Course and includes Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR), identification of shock, shock treatment, management of bleeding,
splinting fractures, immediate patient assessment, and patient lifting and transport
techniques, sanitation and field hygiene.

15. Paramedic Module

15.1 This specialist provision of training includes advanced life and limb saving, triage,
long term patient management, trauma treatment, CPR and airway maintenance, basic
medical attention, evacuation procedures, basic anatomy and physiology, communicable
diseases, disorders related to heat, universal precautions, practical lifting, mass casualty
management, sanitation, hygiene, introduction to relevant medical IMAS and NS chapters,
field camp water management, and basic mine/ERW awareness.

16. Mine Detection Dog Handler Module

16.1 This includes mine/ERW recognition, minefield safety, dog training, daily warm up
schedule, recognition of MDD indications, dog fatigue, dog health, recording MDD
indications, area reduction and Mechanically Assisted Mine Clearance (MAMC), daily
reports, liaison with task supervisor.

17. Quality Assurance Monitor Module

17.1 This course is split into two modules sampling and monitoring. The sampling includes
sampling procedures on manual clearance sites, MDD sites, and mechanical sites, and
compiling sampling reports and reporting of non-conformances. The monitoring module
includes introduction of ISO principles, introduction of IMAS, detailed understanding of the
Zimbabwe National Standard, fault identification, fault correction, non-conformances, QA
reporting, sampling, demining agency SOP, management of sampling and monitoring with
demining agencies.

17.2 Nominees for this type of course should ideally have at least 3 years’ experience in
demining related field operations and have carried out the Supervisors (Field Managers
Module course)

18. Course Content and Duration

18.1 ZIMAC will approve the content and duration for all courses, upon the presentation of
the demining agency training package as part of the accreditation process.

19. Supervision and Evaluation

19.1 The demining organisation is responsible for providing a minimum of one qualified
full-time site/task supervisor per general survey/technical survey/mine clearance/EOD site.
The site supervisor can manage a task unsupervised upon successful completion of internal
assessment and is certified as qualified by the demining organization Director/Manager.

19.2 Demining sites shall not undertake any mine clearance operation without a qualified
supervisor present who is directly involved in supervising the demining activity. The
supervisor may have a deputy who shall take over control of the site in the absence of the
supervisor providing the deputy supervisor has qualified in the above training criteria as site
supervisor, in all aspects.

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19.3 The demining organisation is responsible for maintaining additional supervision levels
below the level of deputy site supervisor if the site layout and or number of clearance lanes
prohibit adequate supervision by the supervisor and or the deputy.

19.4 The demining organisation is responsible for the field evaluation of all national
personnel. In particular the demining organisation shall establish a formal objective and
subjective evaluation process for all national mine action staff employed by that organisation
to ensure standards and quality are maintained. Post activity course training reports shall be
submitted to the ZIMAC within ten (10) working days of the completion of the course.

19.5 End of Course Reports shall detail the student names, course content and skill
groups qualified by each individual student. Revision training reports also shall be submitted
monthly to the ZIMAC recording the number of staff involved in the revision training for the
month period, listing the subject and content revised. This includes commercial companies
for the duration of the contract/project within Zimbabwe. Commercial companies shall
conduct pre-deployment training prior to the commencement of a contract/project.

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 ZNMAS
ANNEX A 06
to
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ZNMAS 06
February
First Edition2013
February 2013

Annex A to ZNMAS 06 - References

The following normative documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this part of the standard. For undated references, the latest edition of
the normative document referred to applies.

a) ZNMAS 02 Accreditation of demining organisations and operations

b) ZNMAS 04 Glossary of mine action terms, definitions and abbreviations

c) ZNMAS 05 Information management of demining operations in Zimbabwe

d) ZNMAS 09.03 Explosive Ordnance Disposal

e) ZNMAS 10.05 S&OH - Storage, transportation and handling of explosives;

The latest version/edition of these references should be used. ZIMAC holds copies of all
references used in this NS. A register of the latest version/edition of the NS and references
is maintained by ZIMAC, Harare, and can be found at the Operations Department in the
headquarters. Demining organisations should obtain copies before commencing demining
activities in Zimbabwe.

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Annex B to ZNMAS 06
Suggested HUMANITARIAN DEMINIG COURSE – PLANS AND SYLLABUS
This curriculum implies the minimum 21 (8 Hour) working days of the course.

COURSE SYLLABUS
Ser Training Objectives Enabling Objectives Time
(Hrs)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1 Course Introduction 1.1 Administration
(Theory) 1.2 Introduction to HMA
1.3 Organization of demining in 8
Zimbabwe
1.4 Responsibilities
1.5 HMA Clearance Operations
2 Demining 2.1 Safety requirements
(Theory) 2.2 Structure of demining section 8
2.3 Individual responsibilities
2.4 Individual and sect equipment
3 Demining Tools and drills 3.1 Prodder
(Theory & Practical) 3.2 Trip wire feeler 6
3.3 Vegetation cutting tools
3.4 Digging and clearing tools
4 Marking and uses 4.1 Datum point Marker
(Theory & Practical) 4.2 Marker pickets 6
4.3 Hazard marking
4.4 Mine marking signs
4.5 Base stick
5 Metal Detector 5.1 Uses and capabilities
(Theory & Practical) 5.2 Types of metal detectors
5.3 Basic parts
5.4 Accessories 8
5.5 Calibration checks
5.6 Search techniques
5.7 Maintenance
6 Manual demining procedures 6.1 Visual search
(Theory & Practical) 6.2 Trip wire feeler procedure
6.3 Removal of vegetation
6.4 Use of metal detector
6.5 Prodding procedure 8
6.6 Digging procedure
6.7 Encountering mine drill
6.8 Shrapnel collection
6.9 Remote pulling procedure
7 Organization of work 7.1 Responsibilities
(Theory & Practical) 7.2 Two-man team 6
7.3 Working under supervision
7.4 Routine and discipline
7.5 Practical work on the site

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(a) (b) (c) (d)

8 Task site layout 8.1 Organization of a demining site
(Practical) 8.2 Designated areas and 6
reference points
8.3 Datum point and Datum line
9 Clearance 9.1 Clearance of working lanes
(Practical) 9.2 Mine marking
9.3 Trip wire encounter drill 8
9.4 Removal of mines with
explosive
10 Mine Incident 10.1 Emergency First Aid first
(Theory & Practical) responder 8
10.2 Casualty clearance procedure
10.3 Casualty recovery
10.4 Incident reporting
11 Practical training Exercise 11.1 To include lane setting out and
(Practical) marking, including the detection of 8
training mines
12 Survey, communications reporting 12.1 Technical survey
and recording 12.2 Radio procedure to include
(Theory & Practical) Net familiarization 12
12.3 Compass and GPS training
12.4 Maps, sketches site plans
12.5 Reports and returns
13 Mines familiarization in-theatre 13.1 Anti-personal mines
(Theory & Practical) 13.2 Anti-tank/vehicle mines 8
13.3 ERW (EXO/AXO) find
procedure
14 Explosives training 14.1 Safety rules and regulations
(Theory & Practical) 14.2 Explosives and accessories 16
14.3 Demolition charges
14.4 LIVE FIRING EXERCISE
15 Medical Training 15.1 Saving life (CPR)
(Theory & Practical) 15.2 Basic first aid
(see also ZNMAS 10.04 Annex B) 15.3 Heart, breathing and bleeding
15.4 Splints and tourniquet 16
15.5 Blast injuries
15.6 Other injuries
15.7 CASEVAC
15.8 Sanitation and Field Hygiene
16 Personal Protective Equipment 16.1 Minimum requirement
(Theory & Practical) 16.2 Organization PPE 4
16.3 Equipment maintenance
16.4 Equipment Care
17 Written and practical test 17.1 In line with organization and 6
National Standards
18 Final Exercise 18.1 In line with organization and 24
National Standards
166

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