30 Beginner C Programming Exercises with Solutions

1. Hello World
Print "Hello, World!" to the console.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
printf("Hello, World!\n");
return 0;
}

2. Sum of Two Numbers

Take two integers as input and display their sum.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num1, num2;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

int sum = num1 + num2;

printf("Sum: %d\n", sum);
return 0;
}

3. Check Even or Odd

Determine if a number is even or odd.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

if (num % 2 == 0)
printf("%d is even.\n", num);
else
printf("%d is odd.\n", num);
return 0;
}

4. Find Maximum of Three Numbers

Find the largest among three given numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int a, b, c, max;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);

max = a;
if (b > max) max = b;
if (c > max) max = c;

printf("Maximum: %d\n", max);

return 0;
}

5. Check Prime Number

Check if a number is prime.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, i, isPrime = 1;
printf("Enter a positive number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

if (num <= 1) isPrime = 0;

for (i = 2; i <= num/2; i++) {

if (num % i == 0) {
isPrime = 0;
break;
}
}

if (isPrime)
printf("%d is a prime number.\n", num);
else
printf("%d is not a prime number.\n", num);
return 0;
}

6. Factorial Calculation
Calculate the factorial of a number.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, i;
unsigned long long fact = 1;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

if (num < 0)
printf("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers.\n");
else {
for (i = 1; i <= num; i++)
fact *= i;
printf("Factorial of %d = %llu\n", num, fact);
}
return 0;
}

7. Fibonacci Series
Print Fibonacci series up to n terms.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n, i, t1 = 0, t2 = 1, nextTerm;

printf("Enter number of terms: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Fibonacci Series: ");

for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
printf("%d ", t1);
nextTerm = t1 + t2;
t1 = t2;
t2 = nextTerm;
}
return 0;
}

8. Reverse a Number
Reverse the digits of a number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, reversed = 0, remainder;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

while (num != 0) {
remainder = num % 10;
reversed = reversed * 10 + remainder;
num /= 10;
}

printf("Reversed number: %d\n", reversed);

return 0;
}

9. Check Palindrome Number

Check if a number is a palindrome.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, originalNum, reversed = 0, remainder;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

originalNum = num;

while (num != 0) {
remainder = num % 10;
reversed = reversed * 10 + remainder;
num /= 10;
}

if (originalNum == reversed)
printf("%d is a palindrome.\n", originalNum);
else
printf("%d is not a palindrome.\n", originalNum);
return 0;
}

10. Sum of Digits

Calculate the sum of digits of a number.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, sum = 0, digit;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

while (num != 0) {
digit = num % 10;
sum += digit;
num /= 10;
}

printf("Sum of digits: %d\n", sum);

return 0;
}

11. Print Multiplication Table

Print the multiplication table for a given number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, i;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

printf("Multiplication table for %d:\n", num);

for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
printf("%d x %d = %d\n", num, i, num * i);
}
return 0;
}

12. Calculate Power

Calculate the power of a number.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int base, exponent;
long long result = 1;

printf("Enter base: ");

scanf("%d", &base);
printf("Enter exponent: ");
scanf("%d", &exponent);

for (int i = 1; i <= exponent; i++) {

result *= base;
}

printf("%d^%d = %lld\n", base, exponent, result);

return 0;
}

13. Armstrong Number Check

Check if a number is an Armstrong number.
 c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
int num, originalNum, remainder, n = 0;
double result = 0.0;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

originalNum = num;

// Count number of digits

while (originalNum != 0) {
originalNum /= 10;
++n;
}

originalNum = num;

// Calculate sum of power of digits

while (originalNum != 0) {
remainder = originalNum % 10;
result += pow(remainder, n);
originalNum /= 10;
}

if ((int)result == num)
printf("%d is an Armstrong number.\n", num);
else
printf("%d is not an Armstrong number.\n", num);
return 0;
}

14. GCD (Greatest Common Divisor)

Find the GCD of two numbers.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n1, n2, gcd, i;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &n1, &n2);

for(i = 1; i <= n1 && i <= n2; i++) {

if(n1 % i == 0 && n2 % i == 0) {
gcd = i;
}
}

printf("GCD of %d and %d is %d\n", n1, n2, gcd);

return 0;
}

15. LCM (Least Common Multiple)

Find the LCM of two numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n1, n2, max;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &n1, &n2);

// Find maximum of n1 and n2

max = (n1 > n2) ? n1 : n2;

while (1) {
if (max % n1 == 0 && max % n2 == 0) {
printf("LCM of %d and %d is %d\n", n1, n2, max);
break;
}
++max;
}
return 0;
}
16. Sum of Natural Numbers
Calculate the sum of first n natural numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n, sum = 0;

printf("Enter a positive integer: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

sum += i;
}

printf("Sum of first %d natural numbers: %d\n", n, sum);

return 0;
}

17. Check Leap Year

Check if a year is a leap year.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int year;

printf("Enter a year: ");

scanf("%d", &year);

if ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0))

printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year);
else
printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year);
return 0;
}

18. Print ASCII Value

Print the ASCII value of a character.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
char c;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf("%c", &c);

printf("ASCII value of %c is %d\n", c, c);

return 0;
}

19. Count Vowels and Consonants

Count the number of vowels and consonants in a string.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main() {
char line[100];
int vowels = 0, consonants = 0;

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);

for (int i = 0; line[i] != '\0'; i++) {

char ch = tolower(line[i]);

if (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u')

vowels++;
else if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z'))
consonants++;
}

printf("Vowels: %d\nConsonants: %d\n", vowels, consonants);

return 0;
}

20. Print Pattern (Pyramid)

Print a pyramid pattern of stars.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int rows, i, j, space;

printf("Enter number of rows: ");

scanf("%d", &rows);

for (i = 1; i <= rows; i++) {

for (space = 1; space <= rows - i; space++)
printf(" ");

for (j = 1; j <= 2 * i - 1; j++)

printf("*");

printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

21. Swap Two Numbers Without Temp

Swap two numbers without using a temporary variable.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int a, b;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

printf("Before swapping: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

a = a + b;
b = a - b;
a = a - b;

printf("After swapping: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

return 0;
}
22. Calculate Area of Circle
Calculate the area of a circle using the formula πr².

#include <stdio.h>
#define PI 3.14159

int main() {
float radius, area;

printf("Enter the radius of the circle: ");

scanf("%f", &radius);

area = PI * radius * radius;

printf("Area of the circle: %.2f square units\n", area);

return 0;
}

23. Simple Calculator

Create a simple calculator for basic operations.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
char operator;
double n1, n2, result;

printf("Enter an operator (+, -, *, /): ");

scanf("%c", &operator);
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%lf %lf", &n1, &n2);

switch(operator) {
case '+': result = n1 + n2; break;
case '-': result = n1 - n2; break;
case '*': result = n1 * n2; break;
case '/':
if (n2 != 0) result = n1 / n2;
else { printf("Error! Division by zero.\n"); return 1; }
break;
default: printf("Error! Invalid operator.\n"); return 1;
}

printf("%.1lf %c %.1lf = %.1lf\n", n1, operator, n2, result);

return 0;
}

24. Check Vowel or Consonant

Check if a character is a vowel or consonant.
 c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main() {
char ch;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf("%c", &ch);

ch = tolower(ch);

if (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u')

printf("%c is a vowel.\n", ch);
else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
printf("%c is a consonant.\n", ch);
else
printf("%c is not an alphabet.\n", ch);
return 0;
}

25. Linear Search in Array

Implement linear search to find an element in an array.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int arr[10], n, i, searchElement, found = 0;

printf("Enter size of array (max 10): ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

printf("Enter element to search: ");

scanf("%d", &searchElement);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {

if (arr[i] == searchElement) {
printf("Element found at index %d\n", i);
found = 1;
break;
}
}

if (!found)
printf("Element not found in the array\n");
return 0;
}

26. Find Average of Array Elements

Calculate the average of elements in an array.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n, i;
float arr[10], sum = 0.0, average;

printf("Enter size of array (max 10): ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%f", &arr[i]);
sum += arr[i];
}

average = sum / n;
printf("Average of array elements: %.2f\n", average);
return 0;
}

27. Count Occurrence of a Character

Count the occurrences of a character in a string.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
char str[100], ch;
int count = 0;

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);

printf("Enter a character to find its frequency: ");

scanf("%c", &ch);

for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {

if (ch == str[i])
count++;
}

printf("Frequency of %c = %d\n", ch, count);

return 0;
}

28. Find Largest Element in Array

Find the largest element in an array.
 c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int arr[10], n, i, max;

printf("Enter size of array (max 10): ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

max = arr[0];
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if (arr[i] > max)
max = arr[i];
}

printf("Largest element in array: %d\n", max);

return 0;
}

29. Convert Binary to Decimal

Convert a binary number to decimal.
 c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
long long binary;
int decimal = 0, i = 0, remainder;

printf("Enter a binary number: ");

scanf("%lld", &binary);

while (binary != 0) {
remainder = binary % 10;
binary /= 10;
decimal += remainder * pow(2, i);
++i;
}

printf("Decimal equivalent: %d\n", decimal);

return 0;
}

30. Bubble Sort

Implement bubble sort to sort an array.
c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int arr[10], n, i, j, temp;

printf("Enter size of array (max 10): ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

// Bubble sort
for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n-i-1; j++) {
if (arr[j] > arr[j+1]) {
temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
}
}
}

printf("Sorted array: ");

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
return 0;
}