SSST Computer Education

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Python
Regular Expressions In Python
 While developing the real time application like web-applications
in the User Interface we need to perform some sort of validation
based on some pattern then we have to use regular expression
 Reading the data from data based some specific pattern
 Finding and replacements options in ms-word …

Match():
match() will search for the “pattern” in the first word of target. If the
first word of target matched with given pattern then it will return “first
word” to the “Match” Object otherwise it will return “None”

Example :
import re

p=re.compile("m\w\w") #we can specify the patter

print("Type is : ",type(p)) # <class 're.Pattern'>

m=p.match("man mad map jug jun ram sai manasa mom")

print("Type is : ",type(m)) #<class 're.Match'>
print("Match Object : ",m)

search():
search() will search for the “pattern” in the entire target.
If any matches are existed with given pattern then it will
return that “matched string” to the “Match” Object
otherwise it will return “None”

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Python

import re

p=re.compile("m\w\w") # <class 're.Pattern'>

m=p.search("gun jug mam mom map dad dam") #<class 're.Match'>
print("Match Object : ",m)

findall()
findall( ) return list collection with matched string from target
whatever string are matched with given pattern . If None of the
match is exists then it will return an empty list []

import re
p=re.compile("m\w\w")
lst=p.findall("dad mom mam gun jug mad map nan")
print("Matched String : ",lst) #[mom,mam,mad,map]

Alternate way for match( ) | search( ) | findall( )

import re

'''
p=re.compile("m\w\w")
m=p.match("mom mad mam dad jug gun nan") '''

#re.match(pattern,target)
m=re.match("m\w\w","mom mad mam dad jug gun nan")
print("Match Object : ",m)

'''
p=re.compile("m\w\w")
m=p.search("mom mad mam dad jug gun nan") '''

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Python
#re.search(pattern,target)
m=re.search("m\w\w","dom mad mam dad jug gun nan")
print("Match Object : ",m)

'''
p=re.compile("m\w\w")
lst=p.findall("mom mad mam dad jug gun nan") '''

lst=re.findall("m\w\w","mom mad mam dad jug gun nan")

print("Matches ",lst)

# match( ) --> Match Object | None

# search( ) -> Match Object | None
# findall( ) -> list Collection

#Match Object
import re

m=re.match("m\w\w","mom dad mam sir anu cnu jug")

print("Type is : ",type(m)) #<class 're.Match'>
print("Match Object : ",m)

print("Match : ",m.group())
print("Starting index pos of match : ",m.start())
print("Ending index pos+1 of match : ",m.end())

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Python
Finditer() :
it will return callable_iterator Object . it is the collection of Match
Objects

import re
import time

citr=re.finditer("m\w\w","mom dad mam sir mad anu mug cnu jug")

print("Type is : ",type(citr)) #<class 're.callable_iterator'> | iterator
print("citr Object : ",citr)
#callable_iterator is the collection of Match objects

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print(m)
print("- "*40)
print("Match : ",m.group())
print("Starting index : ",m.start())
print("Ending index : ",m.end())

Output:
Type is : <class 'callable_iterator'>
citr Object : <callable_iterator object at 0x00000054500B34C0>
<re.Match object; span=(0, 3), match='mom'>
----------------------------------------
Match : mom
Starting index : 0
Ending index : 3
<re.Match object; span=(8, 11), match='mam'>
----------------------------------------
Match : mam
Starting index : 8
Ending index : 11
<re.Match object; span=(16, 19), match='mad'>

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Python
----------------------------------------
Match : mad
Starting index : 16
Ending index : 19
<re.Match object; span=(24, 27), match='mug'>
----------------------------------------
Match : mug
Starting index : 24
Ending index : 27

Working with Predefined Patterns

\w  any alpha| numerical values
\W  except Alpha | numerical values
\d  only digits
\D  except Digits
\s  only spaces
\S  except Spaces
^  Target start with
$  Target ends with
.  any thing
Example :
import re
import time

citr=re.finditer("\d","a1 $7A *B")

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group( ))
print("Index : ",m.start())
print("- "*30)
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 SSST Computer Education
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Python

Example :
import re
import time

citr=re.finditer("\D","a1 $7A *B")

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group( ))
print("Index : ",m.start())
print("- "*30)

output:
Match : a
Index : 0
------------------------------
Match :
Index : 2
------------------------------
Match : $
Index : 3
------------------------------
Match : A
Index : 5
------------------------------
Match :
Index : 6
------------------------------
Match : *
Index : 7
------------------------------
Match : B
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Python
Index : 8
------------------------------

Example:
import re
import time
citr=re.finditer("\w","a1 $7A *B")
for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group( ))
print("Index : ",m.start())
print("- "*30)

Example :
import re
import time
citr=re.finditer(".","a1 $7A *B")
for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group( ),"Index : ",m.start())

Output:
Match : a Index : 0
Match : 1 Index : 1
Match : Index : 2
Match : $ Index : 3
Match : 7 Index : 4
Match : A Index : 5
Match : Index : 6
Match : * Index : 7
Match : B Index : 8

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Python
Note:
Whenever predefine patterns fail to fulfill requirements then
we have to define our own patterns called
“User defined” Pattern
[abc]  either a or b or c
[aeiou]  either a or e or i or o or u
[a-z]  any lower case letters
[A-Z]  any upper case letters
[a-zA-Z]  any upper case or lower case letters
[^a-zA-Z]  Except alphabets
[589]  either 5 or 8 or 9
[5-9]  from 5 to 9
[0-9]  any digits or \d
[a-zA-Z0-9]  Alpha and Numerical or \w
[^a-zA-Z0-9]  Except Alpha and numerical or \W

Example:
import re
import time
citr=re.finditer("[a-z]","a1 $7A *BcD 9")
for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group()," index : ",m.start())

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Python
Example 2:
import re
import time

citr=re.finditer("[acD$]","a1 $7A *BcD 9")

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group()," index : ",m.start())

output:
Match : a index : 0
Match : $ index : 3
Match : c index : 9
Match : D index : 10

Quantifiers :
No.of.occ of match

“a”  exact one “a”

“a+”  at least one ‘a’ or any no.of ‘a’s
“a?”  at most one ‘a’ i.e either 0 a’s or 1 a
“a*”  either 0 a’s or any no.of. a’s
“a{n}  a for n times
“a{m,n} “  a for min m times and max “n” times

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Python

Example:
import re
import time

citr=re.finditer("a+","a aab aaab aaaab")

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group(),"index : ",m.start())

Output:
Match : a index : 0
Match : aa index : 2
Match : aaa index : 6
Match : aaaa index : 11

Example:
import re
import time
citr=re.finditer("a*","a aab aaab aaaab")
for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print("Match : ",m.group(),"index : ",m.start())

output:
Match : a index : 0
Match : index : 1
Match : aa index : 2
Match : index : 4
Match : index : 5

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Python
Match : aaa index : 6
Match : index : 9
Match : index : 10
Match : aaaa index : 11
Match : index : 15
Match : index : 16

App1: regular expression for validating mobile number with following

 It must be starts with 6 or 7 or 8 or 9
 Total no.of. digits should be 10
App-1
[6789][0-9][0-9][0-9]
[0-9][0-9][0-9]
[0-9][0-9][0-9]

App-2:
[6-9][0-9]+ //invalid input  68 //valid
Input  78888888888888888888 //valid
[6-9][0-9]* //invalid
Input  9 //valid
Input  9898 //valid
Input  98888888888888888888888888888888 //valid

[6-9][0-9]{9}  valid or [6-9]\d{9}

Input  9898 //Error
Input  9123456789 //valid
Input  91231231239 //Error

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Python
App2: Patter for validate mobile number
 Need to starts with 6-9
 It may be 10 digit or 11 digit length
 If it is 11 digits it should starts with 0

[6-9][0-9]{9}  For validating 10 digits

0[6-9][0-9]{9}  For validating 11 digits
0?[6-9][0-9]{9}  valid for both 10 digit and 11 digit
0?[6-9]\d{9}  valid

App3: Patter for validate mobile number

 Need to starts with 6-9
 It may be 10 or 11 or 12 digit length
 If it is 11 digits it should starts with 0
 If it is 12 digits it should starts with 91

[6-9][0-9]{9}  10 digits [only for 10 digits]

0?[6-9][0-9]{9}  10 digits or 11 digits

91?0?[6-9][0-9]{9}  //invalid
9107999999999  valid
07999999999  valid
7999999999  valid

(0|91)?[6-9][0-9]{9} //valid

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 SSST Computer Education
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Python

Example:
import re
import time

target="ramesh 2-12-2020 sudha 12-10-2012 Ram 23-9-98"

citr=re.finditer("\d{1,2}-\d{1,2}-\d{2,4}",target)

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print(m.group())

Example:
import re
import time

target="ramesh 2-JAN-2020 sudha 12-10-2012 Ram 23-Feb-98"

citr=re.finditer("[1-9]{1,2}-[a-zA-Z0-9]+-[0-9]{2,4}",target)

for m in citr:
time.sleep(1)
print(m.group())

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Python
Example:
import re
import time

target="hello my dear have a nice day"

match=re.search("^h\w{4}",target)

if match!=None:
print("Target start with given pattern ")
else:
print("Sorry target not start with given pattern")

Example :2
import re
import time

target="hello my dear have a nice day"

match=re.search("d\w{2}$",target)

if match!=None:
print("Target ends with given pattern ")
else:
print("Sorry target not ends with given pattern")

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 SSST Computer Education
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Python
Example:
import re
import time

target="hello my dear have a nice Day"

match=re.search("d\w{2}$",target,re.IGNORECASE)

if match!=None:
print("Target ends with given pattern ")
else:
print("Sorry target not ends with given pattern")

Example:
import re
import time

target="mam madam manasa madhu have a nice day mom"

lst=re.findall(r"\bm\w\w\b",target)
print("Result is : ",lst)

here : r is raw string

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Python
Validate mail-ID
1 |---------------2---------| |------3-----|
s hashikumarch.sssit @ gmail.com

Regular Expression for Only gmail-id

[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.]+@gmail[.]com

Regular Expression for any mail-id

1 |---------------2---------| |------3-----|
s hashikumarch.sssit @ gmail.com
yahoo.com
tv9.com
v6.com
eenadu.net
[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.]+@[a-z0-9]+[.][a-z]+
\w[a-zA-Z0-9_.]+@[a-z0-9]+[.][a-z]+

Regular Expression for any mail-id

1 |---------------2---------| |------3-----|
s hashikumarch.sssit @ gmail.com
yahoo.com
[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.]+@[a-z0-9]+[.][a-z]+

tv9.gov.in
v6.edu.uk
eenadu.net
[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.]+@[a-z0-9]+[[.][a-z]+]+
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Python

Fullmatch( ) will return match object if the complete target match

with given pattern

Validating Mobile number

import re
import time

data=input("Enter u r mobile number ")

match=re.fullmatch("[6-9][0-9]{9}",data)

if match!=None:
print("Valid Mobile number")
else:
print("Sorry Invalid Mobile number")
import re
import time

Validating Mail-IDs
data=input("enter u r mail-id ")
match=re.fullmatch("[a-z0-9A-Z][a-zA-Z0-9._]+@[a-z0-9]+[[.][a-
z]+]+",data)

if match!=None:
print("Valid mail-id")
else:
print("Invalid Mail-id")
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Python

re.sub(pattern,replacement,target)  str
 It will return string after replacing the target will given
replacement data which are satisfied by the given pattern
import re
import time
m=re.sub
(r"\b\w{4}\b","***"," Hello my dear happy to see you")
print("type is : ",type(m))
print("Result is : ",m)

subn(pattern,replacement,target)-> tuple
 It will return tuple object after replace the target with
specified pattern
 t[0] will contain the result
 t[1] will contain total no.of.replacements are done
import re
import time

t=re.subn(r"\b\w{3}\b","***"," Hello my dear happy to see you")

print("type is : ",type(t))
print("Result is : ",t[0])
print("No.of.Replacements are : ",t[1])

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Python
split(pattern,target)-> list
 Used to split the target based on the specified pattern
import re
import time

t=re.split(r"\b\w{4}\b"," Hello my dear happy to see you")

print("type is : ",type(t))
print("Result is : ",t)

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