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05 Chemical-Equilibrium

The document outlines the concept of chemical equilibrium, focusing on the relationship between the rates of forward and reverse reactions and how to calculate equilibrium constants. It discusses static equilibrium, the law of mass action, and provides examples of calculating equilibrium constants for various chemical reactions. Additionally, it includes an assignment to study Le Châtelier’s principle.

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6 views25 pages

05 Chemical-Equilibrium

The document outlines the concept of chemical equilibrium, focusing on the relationship between the rates of forward and reverse reactions and how to calculate equilibrium constants. It discusses static equilibrium, the law of mass action, and provides examples of calculating equilibrium constants for various chemical reactions. Additionally, it includes an assignment to study Le Châtelier’s principle.

Uploaded by

Hahaha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemical

Equilibrium
OBJECTIVES:
• Explain chemical equilibrium in terms of
the reaction rates of the forward and the
reverse reaction
• Calculate equilibrium constant and the
pressure or concentration of reactants or
products in an equilibrium mixture
❖ Physics Integration
• Determine whether a system is in static
equilibrium or not (STEM_GP12REDIIa-5)
REVIEW:
Static equilibrium
- occurs when there is no net movement of reactants or
products in a reaction.
- occurs when an object or a system remains at rest and
does not tilt nor rotate.
- Net Force on an object is zero in the state of
equilibrium.
Irreversible
The relationship between the concentrations of
the reactants and products may be expressed
using the law of mass action
expression/equilibrium constant expression.
Equilibrium constants ➢ may also be expressed
for homogeneous in terms of partial
gaseous equilibria pressures.
Heterogeneous ➢ the reactants and products
equilibria are in different phases

➢ pure solids and pure liquids are excluded in writing


equilibrium constant expressions
➢ the numerical value that is obtained when equilibrium
concentrations are substituted to the equilibrium
constant expression.
Gaseous hydrogen iodide is placed in a closed container at
425°C, where it partially decomposes to hydrogen and
iodine:
At equilibrium, it is found that:
➢ If K > 1 (large K value), the equilibrium lies
to the right and the products predominate
in the equilibrium mixture.

➢ If K < 1 (small K value), the equilibrium lies


to the left and the reactants predominate
in the equilibrium mixture
One liter of equilibrium mixture from the following
system at a high temperature was found to contain
0.172 mole of phosphorus trichloride, 0.086 mole
of chlorine, and 0.028 mole of phosphorus
pentachloride. Calculate Kc for the reaction.
PCl5 → PCl3 + Cl2
0.028 M 0.172 M 0.086 M
A mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen in a reaction vessel is
allowed to attain equilibrium at 472 °C. The equilibrium
mixture of gases was analyzed and found to contain 7.38
atm H2, 2.46 atm N2 and 0.166 atm NH3. From these data,
calculate the equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction:
An aqueous solution of acetic acid is found to have the
following concentrations at 25 °C:
[CH3COOH] = 1.65 x 10^–2 M; [H3O+] = 5.44 × 10^–4 M;
and [CH3COO– ] = 5.44x10^-4 M. Calculate the equilibrium
constant Keq for the ionization of acetic acid at 25 °C. The
reaction is:
Assignment:

Study in advance about Le Châtelier’s


principle
END OF
SESSION

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