Q-2.

If we use the Newton-Raphson method to find the roots of f(x) = 0 using

x0, x1 and x2 respectively as initial guesses, roots obtained would be-

[CS-GATE-2003]

(a) 1.3, 0.6 and 0.6 respectively

(b) 0.6, 0.6 and 1.3 respectively
(c) 1.3, 1.3 and 0.6 respectively
(d) 1.3, 0.6 and 1.3 respectively

Q.3-The accuracy of Simpson's rule quadrature for a step size h is-

[CS, GATE-2003]

(a) O (h2)

(b) O (h3)

(c) O (h4)

(d) O (h5)

Q.4-Given, a > 0, we wish to calculate the reciprocal value1/a using Newton-

Raphson method for f(x) = 0.The Newton Raphson algorithm for the function
will be- [CS, GATE-2005]
(a) xk+1 =12(𝑥𝑘+𝑎𝑥𝑘)
(b) xk+1 =12(𝑥𝑘+𝑎2𝑥𝑘2)
(c) xk+1 = 2xk–axk2
(d) xk+1 = xk–𝑎2𝑥𝑘2

Q.5- In above question, For a = 7 and starting with x0 = 0.2, the first two iterations
will be- [CE, GATE-2005]

(a) 0.11, 0.1299

(b) 0.12, 0.1392

(c) 0.12, 0.1416

(d) 0.13, 0.1428

Q.6- Starting from x0 = 1, one step of Newton-Raphson method in solving the
equation x3 + 3x – 7 = 0 gives the next value (x1) as- [CE, GATE-2005]

(a) x1 = 0.5

(b) x1 = 1.406

(c) x1 = 1.5

(b) x1 = 2
Q.7- Starting from x0 = 1, one step of Newton-Raphson method in solving the
equation x3 + 3x – 7 = 0 gives the next value (x1) as-
[CE, GATE-2005]

(a) x1 = 0.5

(b) x1 = 1.406

(c) x1 = 1.5

(d) x1 = 2

Q.8- Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes
given below the lists: [GATE-2005]
List-I List-II
A. Newton-Raphson method
B. Runge-Kutta method equations
C. Simpson's Rule equations
D. Gauss elimination
List-II
1. Solving nonlinear equations
2. Solving simultaneous linear equations
3. Solving ordinary differential
4. Numerical integration
5. Interpolation
6. Calculation of Eigen values
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 6 1 5 3
(b) 1 6 4 3
(c) 1 3 4 2
(d) 5 3 4 1
Q.9- A 2nd degree polynomial, f(x) has values of 1, 4 and 15 at x = 0, 1 and 2,
2
respectively. The integral ∫ 0𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 is to be estimated by applying the
trapezoidal rule to this data. What is the error (defined as "true value –
approximate value*) in the estimate?

Q.10-The different equation (dx/dt) = [(1 – x)/ 𝜏] is discretised using Euler's

numerical integration method with a time step ΔT > 0. What is the
maximum permissible value of ΔT to ensure stability of the solution of the
corresponding discrete time equation?

(a) 1

(b) 𝜏/2

(c) 𝜏

(d) 2 𝜏

Q.11- Identify the Newton-Raphson iteration scheme for finding the square root
of 2.
2
(a) xn+1 = 1 (𝑥 + )
2 𝑛 𝑥𝑛

2
(b) xn+1 = 1 (𝑥 − )
2 𝑛 𝑥𝑛

2
(c) xn+1 = 1 ( )
2 𝑥𝑛

(d) xn+1 = √2 + 𝑥𝑛
Q.12- Match the following:
List-I
P: 2nd order differential equation
Q: Non-linear algebraic equation
R: Linear algebraic equation
S: Numerical Integration
List-II
1. Runge-Kutta Method
2. Newton-Raphson Method
3. Gauss Elimination
4. Simpson's rule
Codes:
P Q R S
(a) 3 2 4 1
(b) 2 4 3 1
(c) 1 2 3 4
(d) 1 3 2 4
Q.13- Equation ex – 1 = 0 is required to be solved using Newton's method with
an initial guess x0 = -1. Then, after one step of Newton's method, estimate
x1 of the solution will be given by-

(a) 0.71828

(b) 0.36787

(c) 0.20587

(d) 0.00000

Q.14- The bisection method is applied to compute a zero of the function f(x) =
x4 – x3 – x2 – 4 in the interval [1,9]. The method converges to a solution
after literations.
(a) 1

(b) 3

(c) 5

(d) 7
1.5 𝑑𝑥
Q.15- The estimated ∫ Obtained using Simpson's rule with three-point
0.5 𝑥

function evaluation exceeds the exact value by

(a) 0.235

(b) 0.068

(c) 0.024

(d) 0.012

Q.16- When the Newton-Raphson method is applied to solve the equation f(x) =
x3 = 2x -1 = 0, the solution at the end of the first iteration with the initial
guess value as x0 = 1.2 is

(a) -0.82

(b) 0.49

(c) 0.705

(d) 1.69

Q.17-The magnitude of the error (correct to two decimal places) in the

estimation of following integral using Simpson 1/3 rule. Take the step
length as 1

4
∫ (𝑥4 + 10)𝑑𝑥
0
Q.18- Match the correct pairs

Numerical Integration Order of Filling

Scheme Polynomial

P. Simpson's 3/8 rule 1. First

Q. Trapezoidal Rule 2. Second

R.Simpson's 1/3 Rule 3. Third

(a) P-2, Q-1, R-3

(b) P-3, Q-2, R-1

(c) P-1, Q-2, R-3

(d) P-3, Q-1, R-2

Q.19- While numerically solving the differential equation 𝑑𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦2 =

𝑑𝑥

0, 𝑦(0) = 1 using Euter's predictor corrector (improved Euler-Cauchy)) with a

step size of 0.2, the value of y after the first step is

(a) 1.00

(b) 1.03

(c) 0.97

(d) 0.96

Q.20- Function f is know at the following points

x 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0
F(x) 0 0.09 0.36 0.81 1.44 2.25 3.24 4.4 5.76 7.29 9.00
 3
The value of ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 computed using the continuous at x = 3?

(a) 8.963

(b) 9.003

(c) 9.017

(d) 9.045

Q.21- Match the application to appropriate numerical method. [

Application

P1: Numerical integration

P2: Solution to a transcendental eqation
P3: Solution to a system of linear equations
P4: Solution to a differential equation
M1: Newton-Raphson Method
M2: Runge-Kutta Method
M3: Simpson's 1/3-rule
M4: Gauss Elimination Method
(a) P1 – M3, P2-M2, P3-M4, P4-M1
(b) P1 – M3, P2-M1, P3-M4, P4-M2
(c) P1 – M4, P2-M1, P3-M3, P4-M2
(d) P1 – M2, P2-M1, P3-M3, P4-M4
 𝜋/2
Q.22- The value of ∫0 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 using trapezoidal rule with two equal intervals
is- [ GATE 2012]

(A) 0.95

(B) 1.00

(C) 1.22

(D) 1.29

4
Q.23- Evaluation of ∫2 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥 using 2-equal segment trapezoidal rule gives a
value of .[GATE-2019]

1
Q.24- The numerical value of the definite integral ∫ 0 𝑒−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 using trapezoidal
rule with function evaluations at points x = 0, 0.5 and 1 is
(round off to 3 decimal places) [GATE 2019]

Q.25- [GATE-2019] the function f(x) is given at n distinct values of x and its
value is to be interpolated at the point x*, using all the n points. The
estimate is obtained first by the Lagrange polynomial, denoted by IL and
then by the Newton polynomial, denoted by I N. Which one of the
following statements is correct?

(a) IL is always greater than IN

(b) No definite relation exists between IL and IN
(c) IL and IN are always equal
(d) IL is always less than IN
Q.26- Only one of the real roots of f(x) = x6 – x – 1 lies in the interval 1 ≤ x ≤ 2
and bisection method is used to find its value. For achieving an accuracy
of 0.001, the required minimum number of iterations is . (Give
the answer up to two decimal places.)
Q.27-Starting with x = 1, the solution of the equation x3 + x = 1, after two
iterations of Newton-Raphson's method (up to two decimal places) is
. [GATE-2017]
Q.28- Consider the equation 𝑑𝑢 = 3t2 + 1 with u = 0 at t = 0. This is numerically
𝑑𝑡

solved by using the forward Euler method with a step size. Δt = 2. The
absolute error in the solution in the end of the first time step is .
Q.29-The following table lists an nth order polynomial f(x)= an-1xn-1+ ……a1x+a0
and the forward difference evaluated at equally spaced values of x. The
order of the polynomial is- [GATE-2017]
x F(x) Δf Δ2f Δ3f
-0.4 1.7648 -0.2965 0.089 -0.03
-0.3 1.4683 -0.2075 0.059 -0.0228
-0.2 1.2608 -0.1485 0.0362 -0.0156
-0.1 1.1123 -0.1123 0.0206 -0.0084
0 1 -0.0917 0.0122 -0.0012
0.1 0.9083 -0.0795 0.011 0.006
0.2 0.8288 -0.0685 0.017 0.0132

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Q.30- Using Simpson's 1/3 rule for numerical integration, the consecutive points
are joined by a
(a) line
(b) parabola
(c) polynomial with power 3
(d) polynomial with power 1/3
Q.31 Runge-Kutta fourth order method is used to solve differential equation
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑦 − 𝑥. If the initial value y(0) = 2 and step size is 0.1, then value of
𝑑𝑥

y(0.1) is (upto three decimal place).

Q.32-The quadratic equation 2x2 – 3x + 3 = 0 is to be solved numerically
starting with an initial guess as x0 = 2. The new estimate of x after the
first iteration using Newton-Raphson method is .
Q.33-An explicit forward Euler method is used to numerically integrate the
differential equation [GATE-2018]
𝑑𝑦
=𝑦
𝑑𝑡

Using a time step of 0.1. With the initial condition y(0)= 1, the value of y(1)
computed by this method is (correct to two decimal places).
Q.34- Consider p(s) = s3 + a2s2 + a1s +a0 with all real coefficients. It is known
that its derivative p'(s) has no real roots. The number of real roots of p(s)
is- [GATE 2018]
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3
Q.35- What is the cube root of 1468 to 3 decimal places?
(a) 11.340
(b) 11.353
(c) 11.365
(d) 11.382
Q.36- What is the value of (1525)0.2 to 2 decimal places?
(a) 4.33
(b) 4.36
(c) 4.38
(d) 4.30
Q.37-The velocity v (in kilometer/minute) of a motorbike which starts from
rest, is given at fixed intervals of time t (in minutes) as follows:
t 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

v 10 18 25 29 32 20 11 5 2 0

The approximate distance (in kilometers)rounded to two places of decimals

covered in 20 minutes using Simpson's 1/3rd rule is .
Q.38- In numerical integration using Simpson's rule, the approximating function
in interval is a
(a) constant
(b) straight line
(c) cubic B-spline
(d) parabola
Q.39- Gauss Seidel method is used to solve the following equations (as per the
given order):
x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 5;
2x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 1;
3x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 3;
Assuming initial guess as x1 = x2 = x3 = 0, the value of x3 after the first interation
is .
Q.40- Solve the equation x = 10 cos(x) using the Newton-Raphson method. The
initial guess is x= 𝜋. The value of the predicted root after the first iteration,
4

up to second decimal, is .
Q.41- The root of the function f(x) = x3 + x –1 obtained on application of
Newton Raphson scheme using an initial guess of x0 = 1 is
(a) 0.682
(b) 0.686
(c) 0.750
(d) 1.000
Q.42- Newton-Raphson method is to be used to find foot of equation 3x – x +
sinx = 0. If the initial trail value of the roots is taken as 0.333, the next
approximation for the root would be .
Q.43- Numerical integration using trapezoidal rule gives the best result for a
single variable function,which is
(a) Linear
(b) Parabolic
(c) Logarithmic
(d) Hyperbolic
𝜋
Q.44-The error in numerically computing the integral ∫ (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
0
+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) dx
using the trapezoidal rule with three intervals of equal length between 0
and  is .
Q.45-The ordinary differential equation- 𝑑𝑥 = -3x + 2, with x(0) = 1 is to be
𝑑𝑡

solved using the forward Euler method. The largest time step that can be
used to solve the equation without making the numerical solution unstable
is .
Q.46- Consider the first order initial value problem y' = y + 2x – x2, y (0) = 1, (0
≤ x < ∞ with exact solution y (x) = x2 + ex, For x = 0.1, the percentage
difference between the exact solution and the solution obtained using a
single iteration of the second order Runge-Kutta method with step-size h
= 0. 1 is .
Q.47-To solve the equation 2 sin x = x, by Newton Raphson method, the initial
guess value is chosen to be x = 2. Consider x in radians only. The value of
x (in radians) obtained after one iteration will be closest to:
(a) -8.101
(b) 1.901
(c) 2.099
(d) 12.101
Q48.- P(0,3), Q(0.5, 4) and R(1,5) are three points on the curve defined by f(x).
Numerical integration is carried out using both Trapezoidal rule and Simpson's
rule within limits x = 0 and x = 1 for the curve. The difference between the two
results will be-
(a) 0
(b) 0.25
(c) 0.5
(d) 1

Q.49-The following table lists an nth order polynomial f(x)= an-1xn-1+ ……a1x+a0
and the forward difference evaluated at equally spaced values of x. The
order of the polynomial is- [GATE-2017]
x F(x) Δf Δ2f Δ3f
-0.4 1.7648 -0.2965 0.089 -0.03
-0.3 1.4683 -0.2075 0.059 -0.0228
-0.2 1.2608 -0.1485 0.0362 -0.0156
-0.1 1.1123 -0.1123 0.0206 -0.0084
0 1 -0.0917 0.0122 -0.0012
0.1 0.9083 -0.0795 0.011 0.006
0.2 0.8288 -0.0685 0.017 0.0132

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4