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Data Handling

Data handling is a crucial aspect of statistics that ensures the integrity, security, and confidentiality of research data. It involves collecting, presenting, and analyzing data, which can be classified into qualitative and quantitative types, with specific steps for effective management. Various methods, including graphical representations like bar graphs, are used to simplify data analysis and interpretation.

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3 views5 pages

Data Handling

Data handling is a crucial aspect of statistics that ensures the integrity, security, and confidentiality of research data. It involves collecting, presenting, and analyzing data, which can be classified into qualitative and quantitative types, with specific steps for effective management. Various methods, including graphical representations like bar graphs, are used to simplify data analysis and interpretation.

Uploaded by

dv4pmpr6wn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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In Statistics, “Data Handling” is an important concept that ensures the integrity of the

research data, as it addresses some important concerns such as security, confidentiality, and
the preservation of the research data. In every field, we have information in the form of a
numerical figure. Every figure of this kind is known as an observation. Generally, the
collection of all the observation is called data. To handle the data, Statisticians use
different data management methods. In this article, let us discuss what data handling is, and
the various methods to handle the data.

Contents:

• Data Handling Definition

• Types of Data

• Steps

• How to Represent Data

• Data Representation Using Bar Graph

• FAQs

What is Data Handling

Data handling means collecting the set of data and presenting in a different form. Data is a
collection of numerical figures that represents a particular kind of information. The
collection of observations which are gathered initially is called the raw data. Data can be in
any form. It may be words, numbers, measurements, descriptions or observations. Data
handling is the process of securing the research data is gathered, archived or disposed of in
a protected and safe way during and after the completion of the analysis process.
Types of data

Data handling methods can be performed based on the types of data. The data is classified
into two types, such as:

• Qualitative Data

• Quantitative Data

Qualitative data gives descriptive information of something whereas quantitative data gives
numerical information about something. Here, the quantitative data is further divided into
two. They are discrete data and continuous data. The discrete data can take only certain
values such as whole numbers. The continuous data can take a value within the provided
range.

Data Handling Steps

The steps involved in the data handling process are as follows:

Step 1: Problem Identification

In the data handing process, the purpose or problem statement has to be identified and well
defined.

Step 2: Data Collection

The data relevant to the problem statement is collected.

Step 3: Data Presentation

The collected data should be presented in a meaningful manner and it should be easily
understood. It can be done by arranging the collected data in the tally marks, table forms,
and so on.
Step 4: Graphical Representation

Since the visual or graphical representation of the data makes the analysis and
understanding easier, the presented data can be plotted in graphs, charts such as bar graphs,
pie charts and so on.

Step 5: Data Analysis

The data should undergo data analysis so that the necessary information can be concluded
from the data, which helps in taking further actions.

Step 6: Conclusion

From the analysis of the data, we can derive the solution to our problem statement.

How to Represent Data

The data can be usually represented in any one of the following ways. They are:

• Bar Graph

• Line Graphs

• Pictographs

• Histograms

• Stem and Leaf Plot

• Dot Plots

• Frequency Distribution

• Cumulative Tables and Graphs

Now, we will have a look at one of the methods to represent the data using “Bar Graph”.

Representation of Data Using Bar Graph

Data can be represented in various forms through numbers, pictures, tables, graphics, etc.
The most common type of graphical representation of data is through bar graphs. A bar
graph or bar chart portrays a visual interpretation of data with the help of vertical or
horizontal rectangular bars of equal width which are uniformly spaced with respect to each
other, where the lengths of the bars are proportional to the data to be represented. Let us
consider the following example to understand bar graph more closely:

In a school of 406 students, the percentage of attendance of students is represented by the


following table. We’ll represent it through a bar graph.

Each bar in the above example is of uniform width and the data which varies is represented
on one of the axes. Another axis represents the measure of the variable data through the
height of the bars. The heights or the lengths of the bars denote the value of the variable.
These graphs are also used to compare certain quantities.
In this example, the attendance of the students is represented by the X-axis and the number
of students on the Y-axis. The bars are of uniform width and the length of the bar is equal to
the number of students. By observing the bar graph, it can be concluded that the number of
students with 60% attendance is 105, the number of students with 70% attendance is 199,
the number of students with 80% attendance is 29 and the number of students with 90%
attendance is 73. Thus, close observation of the bar chart makes the data representation
simple and easy and therefore bar graph makes data organized, its analysis and
interpretation simple.

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