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Code Matlab

The document describes a finite element analysis of a cantilever plate subjected to a point load, detailing the calculation of nodal displacements and stresses for various loading conditions. It includes three parts: the first part analyzes a vertical load, the second part examines the effects of varying load angles, and the third part considers the impact of body weight. The results are presented through numerical outputs and graphical plots of stress distributions along the plate.

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krishnamvandejagadgurum.2021
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5 views16 pages

Code Matlab

The document describes a finite element analysis of a cantilever plate subjected to a point load, detailing the calculation of nodal displacements and stresses for various loading conditions. It includes three parts: the first part analyzes a vertical load, the second part examines the effects of varying load angles, and the third part considers the impact of body weight. The results are presented through numerical outputs and graphical plots of stress distributions along the plate.

Uploaded by

krishnamvandejagadgurum.2021
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Code

Part 1: A point load P = 100 KN acts at the free end vertically


downwards.
% Part a
clear all; clc;
nodes = [0, 0;
0.25, 0;
0.50, 0;
0.75, 0;
1.00, 0;
0, 0.10;
0.25, 0.075;
0.50, 0.05;
0.75, 0.025];
elements = [1, 6, 7;
1, 2, 7;
2, 7, 8;
2, 3, 8;
3, 8, 9;
3, 4, 9;
4, 9, 5];
E = [4000, 4000, 3000, 3000, 2000, 2000, 1000];
nu = 0.3;
t = 1;
n_nodes = size(nodes, 1);
n_dof = n_nodes * 2;
K = zeros(n_dof, n_dof);
F = zeros(n_dof, 1);
for e = 1:7
n1 = elements(e, 1);
n2 = elements(e, 2);
n3 = elements(e, 3);

x1 = nodes(n1, 1); y1 = nodes(n1, 2);


x2 = nodes(n2, 1); y2 = nodes(n2, 2);
x3 = nodes(n3, 1); y3 = nodes(n3, 2);

A = 0.5 * abs(x1*(y2-y3) + x2*(y3-y1) +


x3*(y1-y2));
fprintf('Element %d: Nodes (%d,%d,%d), Area =
%.4f m^2\n', e, n1, n2, n3, A);
if A == 0
error('Element %d has zero area', e);
end

b1 = y2 - y3; c1 = x3 - x2;
b2 = y3 - y1; c2 = x1 - x3;
b3 = y1 - y2; c3 = x2 - x1;

B = (1/(2*A)) * [b1, 0, b2, 0, b3, 0;


0, c1, 0, c2, 0, c3;
c1, b1, c2, b2, c3, b3];

D = (E(e)/(1-nu^2)) * [1, nu, 0;


nu, 1, 0;
0, 0, (1-nu)/2];

k_e = t * A * B' * D * B;

dof = [2*n1-1, 2*n1, 2*n2-1, 2*n2, 2*n3-1,


2*n3];
K(dof, dof) = K(dof, dof) + k_e;
F_e = zeros(6, 1);
F(dof) = F(dof) + F_e;
end
F(10) = -100;
fixed_dofs = [1, 2, 11, 12];
free_dofs = setdiff(1:n_dof, fixed_dofs);
if isempty(free_dofs)
error('No free DOFs to solve');
end
K_red = K(free_dofs, free_dofs);
F_red = F(free_dofs);
cond_K = cond(K_red);
fprintf('Condition number of K_red: %.4e\n',
cond_K);
if cond_K > 1e12
K_red = K_red + 1e-8 * eye(size(K_red));
fprintf('Applied regularization to K_red\n');
end
u_red = K_red \ F_red;
u = zeros(n_dof, 1);
u(free_dofs) = u_red;
fprintf('\nNodal Displacements:\n');
for i = 1:n_nodes
fprintf('Node %d: u_x = %.4e m, u_y = %.4e m\n',
i, u(2*i-1), u(2*i));
end
stress_xx = zeros(7, 1);
centroids_x = zeros(7, 1);
for e = 1:7
n1 = elements(e, 1);
n2 = elements(e, 2);
n3 = elements(e, 3);
x1 = nodes(n1, 1); y1 = nodes(n1, 2);
x2 = nodes(n2, 1); y2 = nodes(n2, 2);
x3 = nodes(n3, 1); y3 = nodes(n3, 2);

A = 0.5 * abs(x1*(y2-y3) + x2*(y3-y1) +


x3*(y1-y2));
if A == 0
error('Element %d has zero area in stress
calculation', e);
end

b1 = y2 - y3; c1 = x3 - x2;
b2 = y3 - y1; c2 = x1 - x3;
b3 = y1 - y2; c3 = x2 - x1;

B = (1/(2*A)) * [b1, 0, b2, 0, b3, 0;


0, c1, 0, c2, 0, c3;
c1, b1, c2, b2, c3, b3];

D = (E(e)/(1-nu^2)) * [1, nu, 0;


nu, 1, 0;
0, 0, (1-nu)/2];

dof = [2*n1-1, 2*n1, 2*n2-1, 2*n2, 2*n3-1,


2*n3];
u_e = u(dof);

epsilon = B * u_e;
sigma = D * epsilon;
stress_xx(e) = sigma(1); % sigma_xx (MPa)

centroids_x(e) = (x1 + x2 + x3)/3;


end
[centroids_sorted, idx] = sort(centroids_x);
stress_xx_sorted = stress_xx(idx);
fprintf('\nElement Stresses:\n');
for e = 1:7
fprintf('Element %d: sigma_xx = %.4e MPa,
Centroid x = %.2f m\n', ...
e, stress_xx(e), centroids_x(e));
end
if any(isnan(stress_xx_sorted)) ||
any(isinf(stress_xx_sorted))
error('Invalid stress values detected');
end
if isempty(centroids_sorted) ||
isempty(stress_xx_sorted)
error('Stress or centroid arrays are empty');
end
figure;
plot(centroids_sorted, stress_xx_sorted, 'bo-',
'LineWidth', 2, 'MarkerSize', 8);
xlabel('x-coordinate (m)', fontsize=20);
ylabel('Normal Stress \sigma_{xx} (MPa)',
fontsize=20);
title('Stress Distribution along Cantilever Plate',
fontsize=20);
grid on;
max_abs_stress = max(abs(stress_xx_sorted));
if max_abs_stress == 0
max_abs_stress = 1;
end
axis([0 1 -max_abs_stress*1.2 max_abs_stress*1.2]);
Part 2: A point load P = 100 KN acts at the free end making an
angle θ with the vertical. Compare results for varying angle
values.
% Part b
clear all; clc;
nodes = [0, 0;
0.25, 0;
0.50, 0;
0.75, 0;
1.00, 0;
0, 0.10;
0.25, 0.075;
0.50, 0.05;
0.75, 0.025];
elements = [1, 6, 7;
1, 2, 7;
2, 7, 8;
2, 3, 8;
3, 8, 9;
3, 4, 9;
4, 9, 5];
E = [4000, 4000, 3000, 3000, 2000, 2000, 1000];
nu = 0.3;
t = 1;
n_nodes = size(nodes, 1);
n_dof = n_nodes * 2;
K = zeros(n_dof, n_dof);
for e = 1:7
n1 = elements(e, 1);
n2 = elements(e, 2);
n3 = elements(e, 3);
x1 = nodes(n1, 1); y1 = nodes(n1, 2);
x2 = nodes(n2, 1); y2 = nodes(n2, 2);
x3 = nodes(n3, 1); y3 = nodes(n3, 2);

A = 0.5 * abs(x1*(y2-y3) + x2*(y3-y1) +


x3*(y1-y2));
fprintf('Element %d: Nodes (%d,%d,%d), Area =
%.4f m^2\n', e, n1, n2, n3, A);
if A == 0
error('Element %d has zero area', e);
end

b1 = y2 - y3; c1 = x3 - x2;
b2 = y3 - y1; c2 = x1 - x3;
b3 = y1 - y2; c3 = x2 - x1;

B = (1/(2*A)) * [b1, 0, b2, 0, b3, 0;


0, c1, 0, c2, 0, c3;
c1, b1, c2, b2, c3, b3];

D = (E(e)/(1-nu^2)) * [1, nu, 0;


nu, 1, 0;
0, 0, (1-nu)/2];

k_e = t * A * B' * D * B;

dof = [2*n1-1, 2*n1, 2*n2-1, 2*n2, 2*n3-1,


2*n3];
K(dof, dof) = K(dof, dof) + k_e;
end
theta_deg = [30, 45, 60, 90];
n_angles = length(theta_deg);
stress_xx_all = zeros(7, n_angles);
centroids_x = zeros(7, 1);
for t = 1:n_angles
F = zeros(n_dof, 1);
theta = deg2rad(theta_deg(t));
F(9) = 100 * sin(theta);
F(10) = -100 * cos(theta);

fixed_dofs = [1, 2, 11, 12];


free_dofs = setdiff(1:n_dof, fixed_dofs);
if isempty(free_dofs)
error('No free DOFs to solve');
end

K_red = K(free_dofs, free_dofs);


F_red = F(free_dofs);
cond_K = cond(K_red);
fprintf('Theta = %d deg, Condition number of
K_red: %.4e\n', theta_deg(t), cond_K);
if cond_K > 1e12
K_red = K_red + 1e-8 * eye(size(K_red));
fprintf('Applied regularization to
K_red\n');
end
u_red = K_red \ F_red;

u = zeros(n_dof, 1);
u(free_dofs) = u_red;

for e = 1:7
n1 = elements(e, 1);
n2 = elements(e, 2);
n3 = elements(e, 3);
x1 = nodes(n1, 1); y1 = nodes(n1, 2);
x2 = nodes(n2, 1); y2 = nodes(n2, 2);
x3 = nodes(n3, 1); y3 = nodes(n3, 2);

A = 0.5 * abs(x1*(y2-y3) + x2*(y3-y1) +


x3*(y1-y2));
if A == 0
error('Element %d has zero area in
stress calculation', e);
end

b1 = y2 - y3; c1 = x3 - x2;
b2 = y3 - y1; c2 = x1 - x3;
b3 = y1 - y2; c3 = x2 - x1;

B = (1/(2*A)) * [b1, 0, b2, 0, b3, 0;


0, c1, 0, c2, 0, c3;
c1, b1, c2, b2, c3, b3];

D = (E(e)/(1-nu^2)) * [1, nu, 0;


nu, 1, 0;
0, 0, (1-nu)/2];

dof = [2*n1-1, 2*n1, 2*n2-1, 2*n2, 2*n3-1,


2*n3];
u_e = u(dof);

epsilon = B * u_e;
sigma = D * epsilon;
stress_xx_all(e, t) = sigma(1);

if t == 1
centroids_x(e) = (x1 + x2 + x3)/3;
end
end
end
[centroids_sorted, idx] = sort(centroids_x);
stress_xx_sorted = stress_xx_all(idx, :);
for t = 1:n_angles
fprintf('\nElement Stresses for theta = %d
deg:\n', theta_deg(t));
for e = 1:7
fprintf('Element %d: sigma_xx = %.4e MPa,
Centroid x = %.2f m\n', ...
e, stress_xx_all(e, t),
centroids_x(e));
end
end
if any(isnan(stress_xx_sorted(:))) ||
any(isinf(stress_xx_sorted(:)))
error('Invalid stress values detected');
end
if isempty(centroids_sorted) ||
isempty(stress_xx_sorted)
error('Stress or centroid arrays are empty');
end
figure;
hold on;
colors = ['b', 'r', 'g', 'k'];
for t = 1:n_angles
plot(centroids_sorted, stress_xx_sorted(:, t),
[colors(t) 'o-'], ...
'LineWidth', 2, 'MarkerSize', 8, ...
'DisplayName', sprintf('theta = %d deg',
theta_deg(t)));
end
hold off;
xlabel('x-coordinate (m)', fontsize=15);
ylabel('Normal Stress \sigma_{xx} (MPa)',
fontsize=15);
title('Stress Distribution along Cantilever Plate',
FontSize=15);
legend('show');
grid on;
max_abs_stress = max(abs(stress_xx_sorted(:)));
if max_abs_stress == 0
max_abs_stress = 1;
end
axis([0 1 -max_abs_stress*1.2 max_abs_stress*1.2]);

Part 3: Under body weight


% Part c
clear all; clc;
nodes = [0, 0;
0.25, 0;
0.50, 0;
0.75, 0;
1.00, 0;
0, 0.1;
0.25, 0.075;
0.50, 0.05;
0.75, 0.025];
elements = [1, 6, 7;
1, 2, 7;
2, 7, 8;
2, 3, 8;
3, 8, 9;
3, 4, 9;
4, 9, 5];
E = [4000, 4000, 3000, 3000, 2000, 2000, 1000];
rho = [8000, 8000, 6000, 6000, 4000, 4000, 2000];
nu = 0.3;
t = 1;
g = 9.81;
n_nodes = size(nodes, 1);
n_dof = n_nodes * 2;
K = zeros(n_dof, n_dof);
F = zeros(n_dof, 1);
for e = 1:7
n1 = elements(e, 1);
n2 = elements(e, 2);
n3 = elements(e, 3);

x1 = nodes(n1, 1); y1 = nodes(n1, 2);


x2 = nodes(n2, 1); y2 = nodes(n2, 2);
x3 = nodes(n3, 1); y3 = nodes(n3, 2);

A = 0.5 * abs(x1*(y2-y3) + x2*(y3-y1) +


x3*(y1-y2));
fprintf('Element %d: Nodes (%d,%d,%d), Area =
%.4e m^2\n', e, n1, n2, n3, A);
if A == 0
error('Element %d has zero area', e);
end

b1 = y2 - y3; c1 = x3 - x2;
b2 = y3 - y1; c2 = x1 - x3;
b3 = y1 - y2; c3 = x2 - x1;

B = (1/(2*A)) * [b1, 0, b2, 0, b3, 0;


0, c1, 0, c2, 0, c3;
c1, b1, c2, b2, c3, b3];

D = (E(e)/(1-nu^2)) * [1, nu, 0;


nu, 1, 0;
0, 0, (1-nu)/2];

k_e = t * A * B' * D * B;

dof = [2*n1-1, 2*n1, 2*n2-1, 2*n2, 2*n3-1,


2*n3];

K(dof, dof) = K(dof, dof) + k_e;

f_y = -rho(e) * g;
F_e = (A * t * f_y / 3) * [0; 1; 0; 1; 0; 1];
F(dof) = F(dof) + F_e;
end
fixed_dofs = [1, 2, 11, 12];
free_dofs = setdiff(1:n_dof, fixed_dofs);
if isempty(free_dofs)
error('No free DOFs to solve');
end
K_red = K(free_dofs, free_dofs);
F_red = F(free_dofs);
cond_K = cond(K_red);
fprintf('Condition number of K_red: %.4e\n',
cond_K);
if cond_K > 1e12
K_red = K_red + 1e-8 * eye(size(K_red));
fprintf('Applied regularization to K_red\n');
end
u_red = K_red \ F_red;
u = zeros(n_dof, 1);
u(free_dofs) = u_red;
fprintf('\nNodal Displacements:\n');
for i = 1:n_nodes
fprintf('Node %d: u_x = %.4e m, u_y = %.4e m\n',
i, u(2*i-1), u(2*i));
end
stress_xx = zeros(7, 1);
centroids_x = zeros(7, 1);
for e = 1:7
n1 = elements(e, 1);
n2 = elements(e, 2);
n3 = elements(e, 3);

x1 = nodes(n1, 1); y1 = nodes(n1, 2);


x2 = nodes(n2, 1); y2 = nodes(n2, 2);
x3 = nodes(n3, 1); y3 = nodes(n3, 2);

A = 0.5 * abs(x1*(y2-y3) + x2*(y3-y1) +


x3*(y1-y2));
if A == 0
error('Element %d has zero area in stress
calculation', e);
end

b1 = y2 - y3; c1 = x3 - x2;
b2 = y3 - y1; c2 = x1 - x3;
b3 = y1 - y2; c3 = x2 - x1;

B = (1/(2*A)) * [b1, 0, b2, 0, b3, 0;


0, c1, 0, c2, 0, c3;
c1, b1, c2, b2, c3, b3];

D = (E(e)/(1-nu^2)) * [1, nu, 0;


nu, 1, 0;
0, 0, (1-nu)/2];

dof = [2*n1-1, 2*n1, 2*n2-1, 2*n2, 2*n3-1,


2*n3];
u_e = u(dof);

epsilon = B * u_e;
sigma = D * epsilon;
stress_xx(e) = sigma(1); % sigma_xx (MPa)

centroids_x(e) = (x1 + x2 + x3)/3;


end
[centroids_x_sorted, idx_x] = sort(centroids_x);
stress_xx_x_sorted = stress_xx(idx_x);
fprintf('\nElement Stresses:\n');
for e = 1:7
fprintf('Element %d: sigma_xx = %.4e MPa,
Centroid x = %.2f m\n', ...
e, stress_xx(e), centroids_x(e));
end
figure;
plot(centroids_x_sorted, stress_xx_x_sorted, 'bo-',
'LineWidth', 2, 'MarkerSize', 8);
xlabel('x-coordinate (m)', 'FontSize', 15);
ylabel('Normal Stress \sigma_{xx} (MPa)',
'FontSize', 15);
title('Stress Distribution along Cantilever Plate',
'FontSize', 15);
grid on;
max_abs_stress = max(abs(stress_xx_x_sorted));
if max_abs_stress == 0
max_abs_stress = 1;
end
axis([0 1 -max_abs_stress*1.2 max_abs_stress*1.2]);

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