N no.of moles 9.

(a) Boyle temperature is defined as

n 
V Volume a 27  8a  27
TB     Tc  3.375Tc
14. Concept based Rb 8  27Rb  8
Topic 1: Kinetic Theory of an Ideal 4.5  10 23
10. (a) Mole of water evaporated 
Gas and Gas Laws 18
1. (b) At low pressure and high temperature the Now calculate volume of vapours assuming
molecules are far apart and molecular 1 mole occupies 22.4 litre or 22.4 103 m3
interactions are negligible. Without 11. (d) We know that P V = n R T = (m/M) R T ;
interactions the gas behaves like an ideal one. where M = Molecular weight.
2. (b) According to ideal gas equation m  m 
PV  nRT Now P       RT
m   M  1  d  M
PV  RT, P  RT or  or  P RT kN A T
M M P RT P T where d = density of the gas  
 d M M
Here, represent the slope of graph where R = k NA, k is Boltzmann constant.
P Pm
M
Hence T2 > T1  m = mass of each molecule so d 
V T NA kT
3. (c) At constant pressure V  T   PV
V T 12. (b) Moles of gas A  ; Moles of gas
Hence ratio of increase in volume per degree RT
rise in kelvin temperature to it’s original volume B
PV


 V / T   1 RT
V T P| V
Moles of the gas mixture 
4. (a) As we know that isothermal compressibility is RT
given as, Since the number of moles(mass) remains
1  V  same before and after mixing,
KT    
V  P  (T=constant) PV PV P| V
   P|  2P
so if it is heated at constant temperature then RT RT RT
its isothermal compressibility will also remain 13. (d) Molar volume = 22400 cm3
constant. 4 d3 4
5. (a) Boyle’s law Bubble volume     10 3
3 8 3
PV m PV  R  6  1023  410 3
6. (c)  nR    R or  m
T M T M No. of molecules   1017
22400  3
PV P1V1
i.e., versus m graph is straight line passing 14. (a)  constant for one mole
T T1
through origin with slope R/M, i.e. the slope depends on
P
molecular mass of the gas M and is different for & 1  constant for constant volume
different gases. T1
PV P  90 /100  V
|
P 1.004P1
7. (d)  so 1   T1  250K
T T T1  T1  1
|
P 100 10 P|  P 10 15. (b) For an ideal gas PV = constant i.e. PV
or   1    11.1% doesn’t vary with V.
P 90 90 P 90
8. (d) Let the ratio of density and pressure be r. 16. (a) When temperature is constant, the
PM pressure of a given mass of gas varies
From Ideal Gas Equation   inversely with volume. This is the statement of
RT
Avogadro’s law
 M r T 273  10 283
r  ;  2  1   ; 17. (a)
R RT r1 T2 273  110 383 18. (c) V and T will be same for both gases.
283 P1V = m1RT and P2V = m2RT
r2  x
383 5   5
(P1/P2)   1  
3  2  3

page : f2
 N1 N
By definition, 1  and 2  2
NA NA
N1 1 5
  
N2 2 3
19. (a) Since VP2 = constant,
P
VP2 = 2VP'2  P| 
2
P
As  constant or Tα P, thus T becomes 28. (d) There is no interaction among the
T
T/ 2 molecules of a gas, hence potential energy of an
ideal gas is zero.
Topic 2: Speed of Gas, Pressure 1 mnc 2
and Kinetic Energy 29. (b) P0  and
3 V
1 m
P|     n   2c   2P0
2
20. (c) RMS velocity does not depend upon
pressure. 3 2 
21. (c) The rms velocity of gas molecules is given 30. (d)
by 12  22  ....  N2 N  N  1 2N  1
Vrms  
3RT N 6N
vrms  ; So vrms  T
M
As rms velocity is independent of pressure , 1  2  .....N N  N  1
Hence there will be no change in rms velocity. Vmean  
N 2N
8kT 31. (b)
22. (a) vavg. 
m  500  600  700  800  900 
vav     700 m / s
23. (a) The speed of sound in a gas is given by  5
 RT and
v
M 5002  6002  7002  8002  9002
vrms   714 m / s
5
vO2 O  He 1.4 4
  2
    0.3237 Thus vrms is greater than average speed by 14
vHe M O2 M He 3.2 1.67
m/s.
vO2 460 1 mNvrms 2
 vHe    1421 m / s 32. (b) Since P  
0.3237 0.3237 3 V
mass 1 since m is halved & speed is doubled so
24. (a) Volume   m3 ;
density 4 pressure become twice.
5 5 1
KE  PV   8 104   5 104 J 3P 3 105
33. (a) c    500 ms 1
2 2 4  1.2
25. (d) crms  T 34. (b) From the relation,
As temperature increases from 300 K to 1200
K that is four times, so, crms will be doubled.
26. (d)  crms H  1.84m / s,  crms O ?
2 2

MH2  2, MO2  32

3RT cH2 MO2

 crms    ;
M cO2 MH2
1.84 32 1.84
   4  c O2  = 0.46 km/s
c O2 2 4 3R  289  3RT 
35. (c) v oxg.   v rms  ;
27. (b) 32  M 

page : f3
 3R  400 MHe
vH  so vH  2230.59m/ sec T  3  2    200m / s 
2 R
36. (a) Substituting, MHe  4 103 kg ;
ct 273  t R  8.134Jmol1K ; T  190.2 K
  4  273  273  t  t  8190 C
c0 273
3RT 3 8.31 273
45. (b) vrms    493m / s
M 28 103
37. (d)
1 mgh
Thus, mv2rms  . After substituting the
2 h
1
R
values and simplifying, we get h = 12.4 km
46. (b) Here v1 = 200 m/s;
temperature T1 = 27°C = 27 + 273 = 300 k
temperature T2 = 127° C = 127 + 273 = 400 k,
V=?
R.M.S. Velocity, V  T
 v rms 2 t  273 1 t  273
38. (a)  or  or 200  2
 vrms 1 327  273 2 600 
v

400
v m/s v 
400
m/s
200 300 3 3
t  1230 C
v| T| 47. (d) Mean kinetic energy of the two types of
39. (c) v  T  
v T molecules should be equal. The mean square
velocity of A type molecules
2 T|
Given v|  2v or   2  2  2  32
1 T
Therefore, m  32    2m  v 2
1 1
 T  4T  4  120K  480K
|
2 2
40. (b) From graph, T2V = const. .....(1)
1 This gives  / v  2 / 3
2 2

1
As we know that TV = const  VT  1

const. ---------(2) Topic 3: Degree of Freedom,

On comparing (1) and (2), we get    3 / 2 Specific Heat Capacity and Mean
3P P Free Path
Also v rms  and vsound 
 
1  1
v 3 48. (d) U   nkT   nRT
 rms   2 2  2

vsound
 k  R / NA 
3RTO 3RTH TO T dU n
41. (c)  or  H Now, CV   R and
MO MH MO M H dT 2
TO 300 n n 
   TO 16300  4800K CP  R  R    1  R
32 2 2 2 
3v n 
42. (c) v rms  1 R
mass of the gas CP  2   2
  1    
43. (a) CV n
R  n
1/2 2
  2 2   32   4 2   5 2   54 
v rms       49. (a) A monoatomic gas has 3 degrees of
 4   4  freedom for translation motion.
2
44. (c) If T be the required temperature, then 50. (b)   1  , where F is number of degree of
vrms  vp  200 m / s or F
freedom.
3RT 2RT As F is least for a monoatomic gas
  200 m / s ;
M He M He molecules, γ is maximum for monoatomic gas

page : f4
 molecule 55. (c) P-V diagram of the gas is a straight line
51. (a) For an ideal gas CP – CV = R passing through origin. Hence P  V or PV–1 =
If CP – CV = 1.06 R constant
then gas will be real gas. Thus pressure is high Molar heat capacity in the process PVx =
and temperature is low for real gas. constant is
52. (b) As   1   2 / f  R R
C  ; Here   1.4 (For diatomic
 1 1 x
 1   2f  ; f  2 /   1
R R
53. (b) The mean-free path of molecule is gas)  C    C  3R
1.4  1 1  1
the distance traveled by a molecule in two
56. (a)
consecutive collision. If pressure is reduced
and there are less particle then a molecule
will travel longer distance before collision,
57. (d) The ratio of specific heats at constant
so mean free path is increased.
pressure (Cp) and constant volume (Cv)
54. (a) Given,
MHe=4, mhe=16g
Cp  2
   1   ; where f is degree of
Mox=32, mox=16g Cv  f
Specific heat of mixture at constant volume Cp  2  7
is given by, freedom  1   
Cv  5  5
n1CV1  n 2CV2
CV  -------------(i) 58. (d) Using equipartition of energy, we have
n1  n 2 6
KT  mCT
m 2
For Helium gas, No. of moles, n1  he ;
M he 3 1.38 1023  6.02 1023
C  925 J / kgK
n1 
16
 4; 1 
5 27  103
4 3 59. (c) Given
m CP  CV  5000 J / mole 0C -----------(i)
Foe Oxygen Gas, no. of moles, n 2  ox ;
M ox CP
 1.5 -----------(ii)
16 1 7 CV
n2   ; 2 
32 2 5 From Equation (i) & (ii),
And specific heat constant volume of helium C C 5000 5000
R R 3  P  V   1.5 
gas, CV1    R CV CV CV CV
1  1 5  1 2 5000
3  CV   104
0.5
The specific heat of oxygen at constant 60. (c) The equation of the process may be written
R R 5
volume, CV2    R as :
2 1 7 1 2 TV1/2 = constant, from which, we get,
5  dV  V
3 1 5   2 ;
4 R   R  dT  proc T
From equation (i), C V  2 2 2 ;
 dQ   dV 
4 1
    CV  2. p    CV  2R
1 2  dT  proc  dT  proc
29 R 18 C
CV  R ;   1; P    1.62
18  1 29 CV
■ ■ ■

page : f5