MARKING SCHEME

FORM TWO
2022
SECTION A
1. Name three major components of a computer system. (3 marks)
 Computer Hardware
 Computer Software
 Computer Liveware

2. John saw the following symbols at the back of his system unit. What do the symbols
represent?

A B

 A Universal Serial Bus Port

B PS/2 Mouse port
3. List down any four advantages of using computers as tools of problem solving. (2 marks)
 Computers are accurate
 Computers are fast in processing information
 Computers can store a lot of data and information
 Computers do not get tired or bored even when required to repeat a task over and
over again.

4. Since the invention of the first generation of digital computers, much advancement has
been realized in the sector of information and technology. Explain two characteristics
which have been improved from the first generation to the modern computers. (4 marks)
 Size: Computers are becoming smaller and smaller since they involve Very Large
Scale Integration of electronic components leading to the introduction of very small
computers like palmtops, notebooks and laptops.
 Speed: Computers are becoming faster in processing of data due invention of very
high speed processors.
 Storage Capacity: This has been increased. Initial devices could only store several
kilobytes and they took long to store and retrieve data.
 Energy consumption and heat emission: The modern computers consume little
energy and emit little heat.

5. (a) Name two ways of classifying computer software.

 According to purpose.
 According to method of acquisition. (2x1 marks)
(b) Outline any two functions of operating system software.
 Resource control
  Memory management
 Job scheduling & sequencing
 Interrupt handling
 Input/Output handling
 Error handling
 Communication control and management (2x1 marks)
6. Give two ways of classifying operating systems. (2 Marks)
 By their Interface
 By the number of tasks they can handle at the same time
 By the number of users

7. Describe the two common types of spreadsheets. (2 Marks)

 Manual spreadsheets
 Computerized spreadsheets

8. a) What is a computer virus? (1 Mark)

 A malicious program designed to cause malfunctioning in a computer system
b) Give two names of common computer viruses. (2 Marks)
 Worms
 Boot sector viruses
 Trojans
 Back doors
 File viruses

c) State two security measures which should be observed to safeguard data against
computer viruses. (2 Marks)
 Scanning all removable storage devices before using them using antivirus programs
 Scanning all internet downloads using antivirus programs
 Not accepting foreign removable storage media in an organization

9. Name two special purpose memories found either found inside or outside the
microprocessor hence explain what each of them does.. (2 marks)
 Cache Memory: Cache Memory is a special group of fast memory chips located
inside or close to the CPU chip to speed up processing.
 Buffers: Temporary holding places built in some input and output devices so as to
relieve the CPU some burden of storing all the data during processing.
 Registers: Temporary holding locations within the CPU that are used to store
instructions and pieces of data being processed by the CPU

10. Describe three facilities or ways of ensuring proper ventilation in a computer laboratory.
(3 Marks)
 Large & enough windows and doors
 Installing fans
 Installing air conditioning system
 Avoid overcrowding of either machines or people in the room
11. Computers can store data using three ways namely electronically, magnetically and
optically. Give two examples of storage devices in each method: (3 marks)

(i) electronically
 Flash drives - memory cards - memory sticks

(ii) magnetically
 Floppy diskette, hard disk, magnetic tapes, magnetic stripe cards

(iii) optically
 Digital Versatile Disks, Compact Disks, Optical tapes

12. (a) Define the term firmware. (1 mark)

 Refers to a class of system software programs that are permanently stored (burnt
into) in Read Only Memories (ROMs) of various devices.
(b) Describe any two examples of utility programs. (2 marks)
 Diagnostic Programs: which deal primarily with diagnosing and repairing disk-
related problems, such as recovering damaged or erased files, repairing damaged
directories, and recovering from a disk crash.
 Backup Utilities: Programs designed to back up the contents of a hard drive,
commonly into a removable storage device.
 Uninstall Utilities: Used to remove programs that are no longer needed from the
hard drive.
 Disk Defragmentation Programs: Also called disk optimisers –rearrange data and
programs on the hard drive so that they can be accessed faster.
 File Compression Programs: Which enable files to be stored in a smaller amount of
storage space.
 Antivirus Programs: Protect your system from virus attack.
 Performance Monitors: Tell you how efficiently your computer system is
performing its work.

13. List down two uses of UPSs in a computer laboratory. (2 marks)

 Regulating voltage entering into computing devices
 Storing energy for use by devices in case of power failure
 Notify the user in case of power failure.

14. Describe the two methods of computer booting. (2 marks)

 Hard Booting/Cold Booting: This is the process of starting of the computer which
was initially off.
 Soft Booting/Warm Booting: This is the process of restarting a computer which was
initially on.

15. Explain the difference between a hibernating and a sleeping computer. (2 marks)
 Hibernating computer: This is a computer which has been shut down whereby the
final previous state is stored so that it is recalled when the computer is booted in
another session.
  Sleeping computer: This is a computer which is on but is in its stand-by mode/a
computer which is on but has entered into its power-saving mode

b. Thesaurus – used to find synonyms, autonyms or related word

Spelling –checking for such common typing mistake as repeated words, irregular
capitalization, sentence structure such as very long sentence.

i. Dropcaps
ii. italicizing
iii. bolding
iv. collumns

16. (a) Describe five features available in most word processing applications. (5 marks)
 Statistical Analysis: This refers to using automated data analysis tools or functions
when developing complex statistical or engineering analysis.
 Accounting: This refers to using financial analysis tools provided in spreadsheet
applications to manage business transactions and financial records.
 Data management: This refers to using various data management tools to
manipulate data entered in a spreadsheet e.g. by sorting, filtering, subtotalling,
grouping etc.
 Forecasting/Performing “What if” analysis: This is where one is able to predict
outcome of an event by altering various values entered in a worksheet through the
use of automatic recalculation feature provided in a spreadsheet application.
 Scientific applications: - spreadsheets can be used by scientists & researchers to
compile and analyze their results.
(b) Explain the following terms as used in word processing: (3 marks)
(i) word wrap
 This is the automatic movement of the cursor/typing bar to the beginning of the
next line when the boundary on the right side is reached/if the text cannot fit on the
current line.
(ii) insert mode
 A mode which allows the user to insert missing text in a document while the other
text after the cursor is pushed away so as to create space.
(iii) typeover mode
 A mode which allows the user to replace existing characters with the newly typed
characters.
(c) What is a document password? (2 marks)
 This is a combination of characters which form a code to prevent other users from
opening one’s document.

(d) Outline five formats that can be applied to a paragraph in a word processing
document. (5mks)
 Text alignment: This refers to text positioning within a text area/text margins. It
includes, Left alignment, Right alignment, Centre alignment and Justified text.
  Indentation: This refers to moving text away from text margins. It includes: First
line indent, hanging indent, full indent and right indent.
 Setting tabs or tab stops: These are marks which one can set on the document when
organizing text in columnar format. Tab stops include: Left tab, Centre tab,
Decimal tab, Right tab, and bar tab.
 Drop Cap: This refers to a large initial character of a paragraph which appears
lowered a number of lines in the paragraph. Drop caps include: Dropped and In
Margin drop caps.
 Line spacing: This refers to the spaces left between the lines of a paragraph e.g.
Double, Single, Multiple etc.
 Space before and after a paragraph: Space before paragraph refers to an empty
space which can be set above a paragraph. Space after paragraph refers to an empty
space which can be set below a paragraph.
 Bullets and numbering: Bullets refer to symbols which one can apply to enumerate
paragraphs in form of points using symbols at the beginning of each point (e.g. ●,
♦, ♥, ♣). Numbering refer to numbers used to enumerate paragraph inform of
points. Numbers can be Numeric, Roman numbers and Alphabetical letters

e) State the function of the following keyboard short cut keys (3Marks)

i. CTRL+S……………………………………SAVE

ii. CTRL+V………………………………………PASTE…

iii. CTRL+X……………………………………….CUT………

iv. CTRL+F……………………………………..…FIND……

v. ALT+F4……………………………………………EXIT

vi. CTRL+H………………………………………REPLACE