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Patterns of Development in Writing

The document provides an overview of paragraph structure and various patterns of development in writing, including narration, description, definition, classification, compare and contrast, cause and effect, problem-solution, and persuasion. Each pattern is explained with its purpose and key elements, emphasizing the importance of coherent and cohesive writing. Additionally, it includes an activity for students to engage with different passages and analyze their components.

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liannejadeellar
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3 views40 pages

Patterns of Development in Writing

The document provides an overview of paragraph structure and various patterns of development in writing, including narration, description, definition, classification, compare and contrast, cause and effect, problem-solution, and persuasion. Each pattern is explained with its purpose and key elements, emphasizing the importance of coherent and cohesive writing. Additionally, it includes an activity for students to engage with different passages and analyze their components.

Uploaded by

liannejadeellar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Reading and Writing

Patterns of
Development in
Writing
Paragraph
The word paragraph is associated with two Greek words:
“para” which means, beyond or beside and “graphein” which
means to write.

A paragraph is a collection of related sentences with one


central idea.

A paragraph is an independent unit or a related unit. As an


independent unit, it is complete in itself. As a related unit, it
is a part of a composition that is combined with other
paragraphs to make a larger composition.

Whether a paragraph is an independent unit or a related


unit, it has its beginning, middle and end.
a paragraph is made up of:

1 2 3
Topic sentence – reveals the Supporting details – give the Clinching sentence – closes your
main or central idea of the paragraph life as it elaborates on paragraph, may be a restatement
paragraph. the scope given by the topic of the topic sentence, a summary,
sentence. or a conclusion based on the
supporting details.”
Let’s take a look at this paragraph. Can you identify where the topic sentence, supporting
sentences and clinching sentence are?
Let’s take a look at this paragraph. Can you identify where the topic sentence, supporting
sentences and clinching sentence are?
Introduction
Writing can be difficult for most students, especially if
they do not know how to write coherently and
cohesively. Sentences and paragraphs must
demonstrate relationships when conveying the writer's
thoughts and ideas about a topic, and this can be
accomplished effectively by employing patterns of
development.

In this lesson, we will examine different development


patterns that will help you produce better outputs.
What is pattern of development?
Pattern of development refers to the methods
of organization or logical arrangement of ideas.
It could be a way of logically organizing the
whole text or just an individual paragraph.

It is how a paper is put together from paragraph


to paragraph so that the central idea and
information are presented in a way that makes
sense and is easy to follow. Without a pattern of
development, a paper may be hard to
comprehend.
activity time!
reading carousel
1. Around the room, you will find several posted passages. Each group will begin at a
designated passage. Take time to read and discuss the passage with your group during the
allotted time.
2. After the time is up, your group will rotate to the next passage. Continue reading,
discussing, and analyzing the new passage as you move through the stations.
3. Once all groups have visited every passage, return to your assigned passage. You will have
time to brainstorm your ideas and answers to the processing questions related to that
passage.
4. Each group will then present their answers and insights to the class based on the passage
they were assigned. Be ready to share your findings and contribute to the class discussion.
Reading and Writing

Patterns of
Development in
Writing
Narration
-from the root word narrates, originated from the Latin
word “narrare”— which means related or told.
-the most common type of paragraph development.
It usually contains the following: the who, what and when.
It gives a written account of an event or story, or simply,
storytelling. The sequence of events is told in chronological
order.
A narrative paragraph simply tells what happened and
establishes facts. It is sharing of personal experiences that
offer lessons and insights.
Narration
It has the following elements:

1. Setting - the time and location in which a story takes


place.
2. Characters - the life-giving element of the story.
3. Plot - the logical series of events in the story.
4. Theme - the central message that the author is trying to
express.
5. Point of View - the perspective of the writer in narrating
the story.
Example:
description
-gives information of what a person, an object, a place or a
situation is like.
A descriptive paragraph has concrete and specific details,
which are carefully chosen by a writer to paint a picture in
the mind of the reader.
It emphasizes a reader’s ability to paint vivid pictures using
words on a reader’s mind, appealing to his/her five senses:
the sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing.
description
There are 2 Types of Description:

1. Objective description is a factual description of the topic


at hand. This relies its information on physical aspects and
appeals to those who crave for facts.

2. Subjective description allows the writer to explore ways


to describe an emotion, an event, a thing, a place or person,
appealing to emotions. Often, this is an artistic way of
describing things, mostly from the eye and perspective of
the writer.
Example (objective):
Example (subjective):
description
Here is a word bank of sensory words to refer to when you want to add descriptive details to
your paragraphs:
definition
-explains a concept, term or subject. Its main purpose is to
tell what something is.

-it explains what a term means. When you want your


readers to know exactly how you are using a certain term or
an unfamiliar concept , you use definition.
In developing a paragraph by definition, you should take
account of these things:
the term to be defined
the class to which the term belongs
the characteristics that distinguish the term from the
other members of its class.
definition
Take a look at this example of a definition:

“An owl is a bird with a large head, strong talons and has a
nocturnal habit.”

Owl – is the term to defined


Bird – is the class where the owl belongs
With a large head, strong talons and has a nocturnal habit – are the characteristics
that distinguish the owl from the other birds.
types of definitions

formal
-the definitions provided in dictionaries.

informal definition paragraph


-are operational definitions, synonyms, -a definition sentence which is extended
denotations and connotations. into a paragraph by adding meanings,
descriptions, narrations , and other kinds
of paragraph development to make clear
the term being defined.
Example:
classification
-groups items into categories to establish a clear
distinction between related or similar ideas.

Similar items are grouped into categories


for the readers to better understand and analyze the
material at hand.

Classification paragraph you tell readers how a


collection of items can be sorted into categories. It is an
activity of sorting items (people, things , ideas ) into
categories.
Example:
compare and contrast
-A comparison tells how two things are similar.
-A contrast tells how they are different.

A comparison and contrast paragraph must be balanced in such a way that


there is an equal amount of information for each subject to avoid bias.
Example:
cause and effect
-A cause is what makes a particular thing happen.
-An effect is what results from a particular situation,
activity, or behavior.

A paragraph developed by causal analysis must not only


raise the question why, but also give answers to the
satisfaction of the reader.
cause and effect
Cause and Effect paragraphs are written for the
following purposes:

to discuss why a certain phenomenon occurs


to discuss the results of a phenomenon, event,
feeling or action
to understand a situation
to solve a problem
to predict an outcome
to entertain
to persuade
Example:
problem-solution
-is a method for analyzing and writing about a topic by identifying a problem and proposing
one or more solutions.

Problem-solution paragraphs as the term implies, presents and identifies a problem and
proposes possible solution/s.
problem-solution
Structure of paragraphs in a problem-solution essay:

1. Introduction -must serve to capture the reader’s attention. This may contain the thesis
statement wherein the problem or topic at hand is presented. This is where the problem is
defined, and the reason why it is significant to a specific group of people .
2. Problem Paragraph -will dwell on the elaboration of the problem, effectively conveying
the importance of a solution. You may present reliable sources and evidence to support your
stand.
3. Solution Paragraph -present and describe a concrete solution to the problem. Explain
how this solution is better than other probable solutions.
4. Conclusion -conclude the essay with connection between the problem and its proposed
solution.
Example:
persuasion
A persuasive paragraph intends to convince readers to do or believe in
something.

It wants you to consider both sides of an issue, but it reveals a bias in favor of one
side over another.
Example:
Thank you for
listening!

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