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Algorithm

An algorithm is a structured method for solving problems, characterized by attributes such as input, output, definiteness, finiteness, and effectiveness. It utilizes constructs like sequential execution, selection, iteration, and invocation to guide computations. The document also illustrates the components of algorithms through examples of input, output, decision making, and looping.

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10 views2 pages

Algorithm

An algorithm is a structured method for solving problems, characterized by attributes such as input, output, definiteness, finiteness, and effectiveness. It utilizes constructs like sequential execution, selection, iteration, and invocation to guide computations. The document also illustrates the components of algorithms through examples of input, output, decision making, and looping.

Uploaded by

neethujayaram
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem.

It involves various
constructs and statements to guide the process of computation. Here’s a breakdown of the key
components involved in an algorithm:

1. Attributes and Constructs of an Algorithm

 Attributes:

o Input: The data that the algorithm takes in to process.

o Output: The result produced by the algorithm.

o Definiteness: Each step of the algorithm is precisely defined.

o Finiteness: The algorithm terminates after a finite number of steps.

o Effectiveness: Each step must be basic enough to be carried out with a pencil and
paper.

 Constructs:

o Sequential: Instructions are executed one after another.

o Selection: Making decisions (if-then-else statements).

o Iteration: Looping (for, while loops).

o Invocation: Invoking other algorithms or procedures.

2. Statements in an Algorithm

a. Input

An algorithm starts by receiving inputs, which are necessary data to process.

Input: Read the values of a, b, and c.

b. Output

An algorithm produces outputs as a result of its computations.

Output: Print the result.

c. Decision Making (Selection)

Decision making involves branching logic based on conditions.

If (a > b)

Print "a is greater than b"

Else

Print "a is not greater than b"

d. Looping (Iteration)

Looping involves repeating a set of instructions until a condition is met.

For i from 1 to 10
Print i

Algorithm: Sum of first n natural numbers

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Copy code

1. Start

2. Input: Read the value of n

3. Initialize sum = 0

4. For i from 1 to n

sum = sum + i

5. Output: Print the value of sum

6. Stop

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