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Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a popular supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression, aiming to create the best decision boundary, or hyperplane, to separate classes in n-dimensional space. There are two types of SVM: Linear SVM for linearly separable data and Non-linear SVM for non-linearly separable data. Support vectors are the data points closest to the hyperplane that influence its position, ensuring maximum margin between classes.

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2 views9 pages

Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a popular supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression, aiming to create the best decision boundary, or hyperplane, to separate classes in n-dimensional space. There are two types of SVM: Linear SVM for linearly separable data and Non-linear SVM for non-linearly separable data. Support vectors are the data points closest to the hyperplane that influence its position, ensuring maximum margin between classes.

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Support Vector Machine Algorithm

SVM

● Support Vector Machine or SVM is one of the most popular Supervised


Learning algorithms.
● It is used for Classification as well as Regression problems.
● The goal of the SVM algorithm is to create the best line or decision
boundary that can segregate n-dimensional space into classes so that
we can easily put the new data point in the correct category in the future.
● This best decision boundary is called a hyperplane.
● SVM chooses the extreme points/vectors that help in creating the
hyperplane. These extreme cases are called as support vectors, and
hence algorithm is termed as Support Vector Machine.
Example
SVM can be of two types:

● Linear SVM: Linear SVM is used for linearly separable data, which means if a
dataset can be classified into two classes by using a single straight line, then such
data is termed as linearly separable data, and classifier is used called as Linear
SVM classifier.
● Non-linear SVM: Non-Linear SVM is used for non-linearly separated data, which
means if a dataset cannot be classified by using a straight line, then such data is
termed as non-linear data and classifier used is called as Non-linear SVM classifier.
Hyperplane: There can be multiple lines/decision boundaries to segregate the classes in
n-dimensional space, but we need to find out the best decision boundary that helps to
classify the data points. This best boundary is known as the hyperplane of SVM.
The dimensions of the hyperplane depend on the features present in the dataset, which
means if there are 2 features , then hyperplane will be a straight line. And if there are 3
features, then hyperplane will be a 2-dimension plane.
We always create a hyperplane that has a maximum margin, which means the maximum
distance between the data points.
Support Vectors:
The data points or vectors that are the closest to the hyperplane and which affect the
position of the hyperplane are termed as Support Vector. Since these vectors support the
hyperplane, hence called a Support vector.
Working of Linear SVM
Working of Non-Linear SVM:
z=x2 +y2

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