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Class12 Maths Ch1 Notes

Maths notes class 12

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2 views2 pages

Class12 Maths Ch1 Notes

Maths notes class 12

Uploaded by

Ankita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 - Relations and Functions

1. Types of Relations

- Reflexive: (a, a) in R for all a in A

- Symmetric: (a, b) in R => (b, a) in R

- Transitive: (a, b) in R and (b, c) in R => (a, c) in R

- Equivalence Relation = Reflexive + Symmetric + Transitive

Example:

A = {1, 2, 3}, R = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (1,2), (2,1)}

Check each condition => R is an equivalence relation.

2. Function Types (One-One, Onto, Bijective)

- One-One: f(a) = f(b) => a = b

- Onto: Every element in codomain has a pre-image

- Bijective: Both One-One and Onto

Example: f(x) = 2x + 3 (R to R)

One-One: 2a + 3 = 2b + 3 => a = b

Onto: Solve y = 2x + 3 => x = (y - 3)/2 exists for all y

=> Bijective

3. Composition of Functions

f(x) = x^2, g(x) = x + 1

- (gof)(x) = g(f(x)) = g(x^2) = x^2 + 1

- (fog)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(x + 1) = (x + 1)^2 = x^2 + 2x + 1

4. Inverse of a Function
Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 - Relations and Functions

To find f^-1(x), let y = f(x) and solve for x.

Example: f(x) = 3x - 5

y = 3x - 5 => x = (y + 5)/3 => f^-1(x) = (x + 5)/3

5. Domain and Range

Example: f(x) = sqrt(x - 1)

- Domain: x - 1 >= 0 => x >= 1 => Domain = [1, infinity)

- Range: f(x) >= 0 => Range = [0, infinity)

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