Python Beginner Notes
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yuktishree11Python Beginner Notes
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yuktishree11PYTHON BEGINNER NOTES
1. PRINTING OUTPUT
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print("Hello, world!")
Used to display text or data on the screen.
2. VARIABLES AND DATA TYPES
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name = "Alice" # string
age = 25 # integer
height = 5.8 # float
is_student = True # boolean
Variables store data. Python automatically detects the type.
3. BASIC DATA TYPES
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int -> Whole numbers (10, -3)
float -> Decimal numbers (3.14, 0.5)
str -> Text ("Hello")
bool -> True or False
4. OPERATORS
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Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %, ** (power), // (floor division)
Comparison: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
Logical: and, or, not
5. INPUT FROM USER
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name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello", name)
All input is read as a string by default.
6. IF-ELSE CONDITIONS
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if age >= 18:
print("Adult")
else:
print("Minor")
elif is used for multiple conditions.
Indentation matters in Python.
7. LOOPS
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While loop:
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1
For loop:
for i in range(5):
print(i)
8. LISTS
--------
fruits = ["apple", "banana"]
print(fruits[0])
fruits.append("cherry")
len(fruits), fruits.remove("banana")
9. FUNCTIONS
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def greet(name):
print("Hello", name)
greet("Alice")
Use return to send back values from a function.
10. COMMENTS
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# This is a single-line comment
'''This is a
multi-line comment'''
11. STRING METHODS
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s = "hello"
s.upper(), s.lower(), s.title()
s.strip(), s.replace("h", "H")
12. DICTIONARIES
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person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}
print(person["name"])
person["age"] = 26
13. TUPLES & SETS
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Tuples: immutable list -> t = (1, 2)
Sets: unique items -> s = {1, 2, 3}
14. ERROR HANDLING
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try:
x = int("abc")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input")
15. IMPORTING MODULES
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import math
print(math.sqrt(16))
import random
print(random.randint(1, 10))
