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Week 8 Python

The document provides a comprehensive guide on installing and using NumPy, Matplotlib, and SciPy for numerical operations, plotting, and scientific computing in Python. It includes examples of creating arrays, performing matrix operations, and implementing digital logic gates and adders. Additionally, it describes a simple GUI program using Tkinter for user input.

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3 views7 pages

Week 8 Python

The document provides a comprehensive guide on installing and using NumPy, Matplotlib, and SciPy for numerical operations, plotting, and scientific computing in Python. It includes examples of creating arrays, performing matrix operations, and implementing digital logic gates and adders. Additionally, it describes a simple GUI program using Tkinter for user input.

Uploaded by

lokeshisukala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Week-8

1. Install NumPy package with pip and explore.


Python NumPy is an open-source project that can be used freely. NumPy stands for Numerical
Python.
With NumPy, you can easily create arrays, which is a data structure that allows you to store
multiple values in a single variable.

>>>> pip install numpy


If the import is successful, then you will see the following output.
>>> import numpy
>>> numpy.__version__
Example:
Creating an Array:
import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(arr)
Output:
[1 2 3 4 5]
❖ We can also pass a tuple in the array function to create an array. 2
import numpy as np
arr = np.array((1, 2, 3, 4, 5))
print(arr)
Output:
[1 2 3 4 5]

2. Import numpy, Plotpy and Scipy and explore their functionalities.

a. Open IDLE.
b. In the Python shell, type:
import os
os.system('pip install matplotlib')
You can do the same for Scipy:
import os
os.system('pip install numpy scipy')

1. NumPy – Numerical Python

Use: Fast array operations, linear algebra, statistics, etc.

import numpy as np
# Create a 1D array
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print("Array:", arr)
# Mean and Standard Deviation
print("Mean:", np.mean(arr))
print("Standard Deviation:", np.std(arr))
# 2D array and matrix multiplication
A = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
B = np.array([[2, 0], [1, 2]])
print("Matrix multiplication:\n", np.dot(A, B))
OUTPUT:

2. Matplotlib (Plotpy) – Plotting Library

Use: For creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Simple Line Plot
x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y, label='sin(x)')
plt.title("Sine Wave")
plt.xlabel("x-axis")
plt.ylabel("y-axis")
plt.legend()
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()

OUTPUT:

3. SciPy – Scientific Computing

Use: Built on NumPy. Supports optimization, integration, interpolation, statistics, and more.

Example: Integration and Optimization

from scipy import integrate, optimize


# Define a simple function
def f(x):
return x ** 2
# Integrate f(x) from 0 to 2
result, error = integrate.quad(f, 0, 2)
print("Integral of x^2 from 0 to 2:", result)
# Find the minimum of a function
min_result = optimize.minimize(f, x0=2)
print("Minimum of x^2:", min_result.x)
OUTPUT:

3. Write a program to implement Digital Logic Gates – AND, OR, NOT, EX-OR
#Function for AND Gate
def AND(A, B):
return A & B
print("AND LOGIC OUTPUT")
print("Output of 0 AND 0 is:", AND(0, 0))
print("Output of 0 AND 1 is:", AND(0, 1))
print("Output of 1 AND 0 is:", AND(1, 0))
print("Output of 1 AND 1 is:", AND(1, 1))

# Function for OR Gate “ | “ this symbol is called bar or pipe.


def OR(A, B):
return A | B
print("OR LOGIC OUTPUT")
print("Output of 0 OR 0 is:", OR(0, 0))
print("Output of 0 OR 1 is:", OR(0, 1))
print("Output of 1 OR 0 is:", OR(1, 0))
print("Output of 1 OR 1 is:", OR(1, 1))

#Function for NOT Gate


def NOT(A):
return ~A+2
print("NOT LOGIC OUTPUT")
print("Output of NOT for 0 is: ", NOT(0))
print("Output of NOT for 1 is: ", NOT(1))

# Function for XOR Gate


def XOR(A, B):
return A ^ B
print("XOR LOGIC OUTPUT")
print("Output of 0 XOR 0 is:", XOR(0, 0))
print("Output of 0 XOR 1 is:", XOR(0, 1))
print("Output of 1 XOR 0 is:", XOR(1, 0))
print("Output of 1 XOR 1 is:", XOR(1, 1))
4. Write a program to implement Half Adder, Full Adder, and Parallel Adder.
# Function for Half Adder
#Half Adder which has 2 inputs (bit_a, bit_b) and gives two outputs the XOR for sum and
the AND for carry.
def half_adder(bit_a, bit_b):
return (xor(bit_a, bit_b), bit_a and bit_b)
# Program for Half adder
def xor(bit_a, bit_b):
A1 = bit_a and (not bit_b)
A2 = (not bit_a) and bit_b
return int(A1 or A2)
print("**************************************")
print(" XOR LOGIC OUTPUT")
print("Output of 0 XOR 0 is:", xor (0, 0))
print("Output of 0 XOR 1 is:", xor (0, 1))
print("Output of 1 XOR 0 is:", xor (1, 0))
print("Output of 1 XOR 1 is:", xor (1, 1))
######### Enter Input Binary data ###################
def half_adder(bit_a, bit_b):
return (xor(bit_a, bit_b), bit_a and bit_b)

print("**************************************")
print(" Half adder OUTPUT")
print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder(0, 0))
print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder (0, 1))
print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder (1, 0))
print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder (1, 1))
OUTPUT:

#function for full adder

def full_adder(bit_a, bit_b, carry=0):

sum1, carry1 = half_adder(bit_a, bit_b) # Half Adder 1

sum2, carry2 = half_adder(sum1, carry)# Half Adder 2

return (sum2, carry1 or carry2)

# Program: Full adder using two half adders

def xor(bit_a, bit_b):

A1 = bit_a and (not bit_b)

A2 = (not bit_a) and bit_b

return int(A1 or A2)

print("**************************************")
print(" XOR LOGIC OUTPUT")

print("Output of 0 XOR 0 is:", xor (0, 0))

print("Output of 0 XOR 1 is:", xor (0, 1))

print("Output of 1 XOR 0 is:", xor (1, 0))

print("Output of 1 XOR 1 is:", xor (1, 1))

######### Enter Input Binary data #####################

def half_adder(bit_a, bit_b):

return (xor(bit_a, bit_b), bit_a and bit_b)

print("**************************************")

print(" Half adder OUTPUT")

print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder(0, 0))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder (0, 1))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder (1, 0))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", half_adder (1, 1))

def full_adder(bit_a, bit_b, carry=0):

sum1, carry1 = half_adder(bit_a, bit_b) # Half Adder 1

sum2, carry2 = half_adder(sum1, carry)# Half Adder 2

return (sum2, carry1 or carry2)

print("**************************************")

print(" full adder OUTPUT")

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder(0, 0,0))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder (0,0, 1))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder (0,1,0))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder (0,1, 1))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder(1, 0,0))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder (1,0,1))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder (1,1,0))

print("Output of sum and carry is:", full_adder (1,1,1))

OUTPUT:
5. Write a GUI program to create a window wizard having two text labels, two text fields and
two buttons as Submit and Reset.

from tkinter import *


# Submit button action
def submit():
print("Name:", name_entry.get())
print("Email:", email_entry.get())
# Reset button action
def reset():
name_entry.delete(0, END)
email_entry.delete(0, END)
# Create main window
root = Tk()
root.title("Simple Form")
root.geometry("300x150") # Set window size
root.configure(bg='lightblue') # Set background color
# Name label and text field
Label(root, text="Name", bg='lightblue').grid(row=0, column=0)
name_entry = Entry(root)
name_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
# Email label and text field
Label(root, text="Email", bg='lightblue').grid(row=1, column=0)
email_entry = Entry(root)
email_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
# Submit and Reset buttons
Button(root, text="Submit", command=submit).grid(row=2, column=0)
Button(root, text="Reset", command=reset).grid(row=2, column=1)
# Run the window
root.mainloop()

OUTPUT:

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