Unit-1

1. Explain the term kinematic link. Give the classification of kinematic link.
2. Explain different kinds of kinematic pairs giving example for each one of them.
3. Explain the terms: 1. Lower pair, 2. Higher pair, 3. Kinematic chain, and 4. Inversion.
4. What is the significance of degrees of freedom of a kinematic chain when it functions
as a mechanism?
5. Sketch and explain the various inversions of a slider crank chain.
6. Sketch and describe the working of two different types of quick return mechanisms.
Give examples of their applications. Derive an expression for the ratio of times taken
in forward and return stroke for one of these mechanisms.
7. Define rubbing velocity at a pin joint. What will be the rubbing velocity at pin joint
when the two links move in the same and opposite directions?
8. What is the difference between ideal mechanical advantage and actual mechanical
advantage?
9. In a slider crank mechanism, the length of crank OB and connecting rod AB are 125
mm and 500 mm respectively. The centre of gravity G of the connecting rod is 275
mm from the slider A. The crank speed is 600 r.p.m. clockwise. When the crank has
turned 45° from the inner dead centre position, determine: 1. velocity of the slider A,
2. velocity of the point G, and 3. angular velocity of the connecting rod AB.
10. In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 150 mm long. The crank AB is 40 mm
long and rotates at 120 r.p.m. clockwise, while the link CD = 80 mm oscillates about
D. BC and AD are of equal length. Find the angular velocity of link CD when angle
BAD = 60°.
11. The crank and connecting rod of a theoretical steam engine are 0.5 m and 2 m long
respectively. The crank makes 180 r.p.m. in the clockwise direction. When it has
turned 45° from the inner dead centre position, determine : 1. velocity of piston, 2.
angular velocity of connecting rod, 3. velocity of point E on the connecting rod 1.5 m
from the gudgeon pin, 4. velocities of rubbing at the pins of the crank shaft, crank and
crosshead when the diameters of their pins are 50 mm, 60 mm and 30 mm
respectively, 5. position and linear velocity of any point G on the connecting rod
which has the least velocity relative to crank shaft.
12. In a mechanism as shown in below, the various dimensions are: OC = 125 mm ; CP = 500
mm ; PA = 125 mm ; AQ = 250 mm and QE = 125 mm.
The slider P translates along an axis which is 25 mm vertically below point O. The crank OC
rotates uniformly at 120 r.p.m. in the anti-clockwise direction. The bell crank lever AQE
rocks about fixed centre Q. Draw the velocity diagram and calculate the absolute velocity of
point E of the lever.

Unit-2

1. Discuss briefly the various types of belts used for the transmission of power.
2. Obtain an expression for the length of a belt in 1. an open belt drive ; and 2. a cross
belt drive.
3. Explain the term ‘slip’, ‘creep’, ‘centrifugal tension’, and initial tension’ in a belt
drive.
4. For a flat belt, prove that T1/T2=eμθ
5. It is stated that the speed at which a belt or rope should be run to transmit maximum
power is that at which the maximum allowable tension is three times the centrifugal
tension in the belt or rope at that speed. Prove the statement.
6. Discuss relative merits and demerits of belt (flat and V-Belt), rope and chain drive for
transmission of power and their material used.
7. Find the power transmitted by a belt running over a pulley of 600 mm diameter at 200
r.p.m. The coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley is 0.25, angle of lap
160° and maximum tension in the belt is 2500 N.
8. A casting weighing 9 kN hangs freely from a rope which makes 2.5 turns round a
drum of 300 mm diameter revolving at 20 r.p.m. The other end of the rope is pulled
by a man. The coefficient of friction is 0.25. Determine 1. The force required by the
man, and 2. The power to raise the casting.
9. Two pulleys, one 450 mm diameter and the other 200 mm diameter are on parallel
shafts 1.95 m apart and are connected by a crossed belt. Find the length of the belt
required and the angle of contact between the belt and each pulley. What power can
be transmitted by the belt when the larger pulley rotates at 200 rev/min, if the
maximum permissible tension in the belt is 1 kN, and the coefficient of friction
between the belt and pulley is 0.25?
10. A shaft rotating at 200 r.p.m. drives another shaft at 300 r.p.m. and transmits 6 kW
through a belt. The belt is 100 mm wide and 10 mm thick. The distance between the
shafts is 4m. The smaller pulley is 0.5 m in diameter. Calculate the stress in the belt, if
it is 1. an open belt drive, and 2. a cross belt drive. Take μ = 0.3.
11. Explain with sketches the different types of cams and followers.
12. Why a roller follower is preferred to that of a knife-edged follower?
13. Define the following terms as applied to cam with a neat sketch (a) Base circle, (b)
Pitch circle, (c) Pressure angle, and (d) Stroke of the follower.
14. Explain the functions of clutch.
15. A cam is to be designed for a knife edge follower with the following data : 1. Cam lift
= 40 mm during 90° of cam rotation with simple harmonic motion. 2. Dwell for the
next 30°. 3. During the next 60° of cam rotation, the follower returns to its original
position with simple harmonic motion. 4. Dwell during the remaining 180°. Draw the
 profile of the cam when the line of stroke of the follower passes through the axis of
the cam shaft. The radius of the base circle of the cam is 40 mm. Draw the CAM
profile for the desired motion.
16. A cam, with a minimum radius of 25 mm, rotating clockwise at a uniform speed is to
be designed to give a roller follower, at the end of a valve rod, motion described as :
1. To raise the valve through 50 mm during 120° rotation of the cam ; 2. To keep the
valve fully raised through next 30°; 3. To lower the valve during next 60°; and 4. To
keep the valve closed during rest of the revolution i.e. 150° ; The diameter of the
roller is 20 mm and the diameter of the cam shaft is 25 mm. The displacement of the
valve, while being raised and lowered, is to take place with simple harmonic motion.
Draw the profile of the cam when (a) the line of stroke of the valve rod passes through
the axis of the cam shaft, and (b) the line of the stroke is offset 15 mm from the axis
of the cam shaft.

Unit-3

1. Explain precisely the uses of turning moment diagram of reciprocating engines.

2. Explain the turning moment diagram of a four stroke cycle internal combustion
engine.
3. What is the function of a flywheel? How does it differ from that of a governor?
4. Explain the terms ‘fluctuation of energy’, ‘fluctuation of speed’, ‘coefficient of
fluctuation of energy’ and ‘coefficient of fluctuation of speed.
5. The turning moment diagram for a multi cylinder engine has been drawn to a scale of
1 mm = 4500 N-m vertically and 1 mm = 2.4° horizontally. The intercepted areas
between output torque curve and mean resistance line taken in order from one end are
342, 23, 245, 303, 115, 232, 227, 164 mm2, when the engine is running at 150 r.p.m.
If the mass of the flywheel is 1000 kg and the total fluctuation of speed does not
exceed 3% of the mean speed, find the minimum value of the radius of gyration.
6. The turning moment diagram for a petrol engine is drawn to the following scales:
Turning moment, 1 mm = 5 N-m; crank angle, 1 mm = 1°. The turning moment
diagram repeats itself at every half revolution of the engine and the areas above and
below the mean turning moment line taken in order are 295, 685, 40, 340, 960, 270
mm2. The rotating parts are equivalent to a mass of 36 kg at a radius of gyration of
150 mm. Determine the coefficient of fluctuation of speed when the engine runs at
1800 r.p.m.
7. A shaft fitted with a flywheel rotates at 250 r.p.m. and drives a machine. The torque
of machine varies in a cyclic manner over a period of 3 revolutions. The torque rises
from 750 N-m to 3000 N-m uniformly during 1/2 revolution and remains constant for
the following revolution. It then falls uniformly to 750 N-m during the next 1/2
revolution and remains constant for one revolution, the cycle being repeated
thereafter. Determine the power required to drive the machine and percentage
fluctuation in speed, if the driving torque applied to the shaft is constant and the mass
of the flywheel is 500 kg with radius of gyration of 600 mm.
8. Explain working of following governor: Watt, Porter, Proell, Hartnell and Willson-
Hartnell spring loaded governors.
9. Explain following terms related to governors: Sensitivity, stability, isochronisms and
hunting of governors, Governor effort and power, controlling force curve, effect of
sleeve friction.

Unit-4

1. Explain the terms using neat sketch: Module, Pressure angle, Addendum, Dedendum,
pitch circle, path and arc of contact, circular pitch, tooth space and tooth thickness.
2. State and prove the law of gearing.
3. Derive an expression for the length of the arc of contact in a pair of meshed spur
gears.
4. What do you understand by the term ‘interference’ as applied to gears?
5. The number of teeth on each of the two equal spur gears in mesh are 40. The teeth
have 20° involute profile and the module is 6 mm. If the arc of contact is 1.75 times
the circular pitch, Compute the addendum.
6. A pinion having 30 teeth drives a gear having 80 teeth. The profile of the gears is
involute with 20° pressure angle, 12 mm module and 10 mm addendum. Compute the
length of path of contact, arc of contact and the contact ratio.
7. What are different types of gear teeth.
8. How to avoid interference on involute gear.
9. Two involute gears of 20° pressure angle are in mesh. The number of teeth on pinion
is 20 and the gear ratio is 2. If the pitch expressed in module is 5 mm and the pitch
line speed is 1.2 m/s, assuming addendum as standard and equal to one module, find :
1. The angle turned through by pinion when one pair of teeth is in mesh ; and 2. The
maximum velocity of sliding.
10. Explain briefly the differences between simple, compound, and epicyclic gear trains.
What are the special advantages of epicyclic gear trains?
11. In an epicyclic gear train as shown in figure below, an arm carries two gears A and B
having 36 and 45 teeth respectively. If the arm rotates at 150 r.p.m. in the
anticlockwise direction about the centre of the gear A which is fixed, Compute the
speed of gear B.

12. Explain with a neat sketch the ‘sun and planet wheel’.