Following practicals di practice in CISCO Packet Tracer software

1. Two PCs direct connection

2. More than two PCs connect with switch or hub
3. Using more than one switches and PCs, developed a larger network with one master switch
4. Using switches and PCs, developed different types of network topology
5. Using switches and PCs, developed VLAN
6. Using switches, PCs and routers, developed LANs with different types of IP addresses.
7. Using switch PTs and devices, developed networks.

1. Two PCs Direct Connection

Objective: Connect two PCs directly using a crossover cable.

Steps:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Add Devices:
Drag and drop 2 PCs from the device list onto the workspace.
Connect the PCs:
Click on the Connections tool (lightning bolt icon).
Select Crossover Cable.
Click on PC0, select FastEthernet0.
Click on PC1, select FastEthernet0.
Assign IP Addresses:
Click on PC0:
Go to the Desktop tab.
Click on IP Configuration.
Set IP Address to 192.168.1.1 and Subnet Mask to 255.255.255.0.
Click on PC1:
Go to the Desktop tab.
Click on IP Configuration.
Set IP Address to 192.168.1.2 and Subnet Mask to 255.255.255.0.
Test Connectivity:
Open the Command Prompt on PC0.
Type ping 192.168.1.2 and press Enter.
You should see replies from PC1.

2. More than Two PCs Connect with Switch or Hub

Objective: Connect multiple PCs to a switch.

Steps:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Add Devices:
Drag and drop 1 Switch and 3 PCs onto the workspace.
Connect PCs to Switch:
Click on the Connections tool.
Select Straight-Through Cable.
Connect PC0 to Switch (FastEthernet0/1).
Connect PC1 to Switch (FastEthernet0/2).
Connect PC2 to Switch (FastEthernet0/3).
Assign IP Addresses:
For PC0: 192.168.1.10, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
For PC1: 192.168.1.11, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
For PC2: 192.168.1.12, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
Test Connectivity:
Open the Command Prompt on each PC.
Ping the other PCs (e.g., from PC0, type ping 192.168.1.11 and ping 192.168.1.12).
3. Larger Network with One Master Switch
Objective: Create a larger network with multiple switches and PCs.

Steps:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Add Devices:
Drag and drop 1 Master Switch and 2 Additional Switches onto the workspace.
Add 6 PCs (3 for each switch).
Connect Switches:
Use Straight-Through Cable to connect:
Master Switch (FastEthernet0/1) to Switch 1 (FastEthernet0/1).
Master Switch (FastEthernet0/2) to Switch 2 (FastEthernet0/1).
Connect PCs to Switches:
Connect 3 PCs to Switch 1:
PC0 to FastEthernet0/2
PC1 to FastEthernet0/3
PC2 to FastEthernet0/4
Connect 3 PCs to Switch 2:
PC3 to FastEthernet0/2
PC4 to FastEthernet0/3
PC5 to FastEthernet0/4
Assign IP Addresses:
For PC0: 192.168.1.10
For PC1: 192.168.1.11
For PC2: 192.168.1.12
For PC3: 192.168.1.20
For PC4: 192.168.1.21
For PC5: 192.168.1.22
All with Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
Test Connectivity:
Open the Command Prompt on each PC.
Ping other PCs across both switches (e.g., from PC0, type ping 192.168.1.20 to test connectivity to
PC3).

4. Different Types of Network Topology

Objective: Create different topologies (Star, Ring, Bus).

Steps:
Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Star Topology:
Drag and drop 1 Switch and 5 PCs onto the workspace.
Connect each PC to the switch using Straight-Through Cables.
Assign IP addresses in the same subnet (e.g., 192.168.1.10 to 192.168.1.14).

Ring Topology:
Drag and drop 5 PCs onto the workspace.
Connect them in a circular manner using Straight-Through Cables.
Assign IP addresses in the same subnet (e.g., 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.14).

Bus Topology:
Use a Hub and connect 5 PCs in a line using Straight-Through Cables.
Assign IP addresses in the same subnet (e.g., 192.168.3.10 to 192.168.3.14).

Test Connectivity:
Use the ping command to test connectivity within each topology.
5. Developed VLAN
Objective: Create VLANs on a switch.

Steps:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Add Devices:
Drag and drop 1 Switch and 6 PCs onto the workspace.
Connect PCs to Switch:
Use Straight-Through Cables to connect PCs to the switch.
Access Switch CLI:
Click on the switch, go to the CLI tab.
Create VLANs:
Run
Copy code
Switch> enable
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)# name Sales
Switch(config-vlan)# exit
Switch(config)# vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)# name HR
Switch(config-vlan)# exit
Assign Ports to VLANs:
Run
Copy code
Switch(config)# interface range fa0/1 - 3
Switch(config-if-range)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 10
Switch(config-if-range)# exit
Switch(config)# interface range fa0/4 - 6
Switch(config-if-range)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 20
Assign IP Addresses:
For VLAN 10 (Sales): 192.168.10.10 to 192.168.10.12.
For VLAN 20 (HR): 192.168.20.10 to 192.168.20.12.
Test Connectivity:
Test connectivity within VLANs using the ping command.

6. Developed LANs with Different Types of IP Addresses

Objective: Create LANs with different IP address schemes.

Steps:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Add Devices:
Drag and drop 1 Router, 2 Switches, and 6 PCs onto the workspace.
Connect Devices:
Connect the router to both switches using Straight-Through Cables.
Assign Subnets:
LAN1: 192.168.1.0/24
LAN2: 192.168.2.0/24
Configure Router Interfaces:
Run
Copy code
Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# interface g0/0
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Router(config-if)# exit
Router(config)# interface g0/1
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Router(config-if)# exit
Assign IP Addresses to PCs:
For LAN1: 192.168.1.10 to 192.168.1.15.
For LAN2: 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.15.
Test Connectivity:
Use the ping command to test connectivity between PCs in different LANs.

7. Developed Networks with Switch PTs and Devices

Objective: Create a network using Packet Tracer devices.

Steps:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Add Devices:
Drag and drop 1 Router, 1 Switch, and 4 PCs onto the workspace.
Connect Devices:
Use Straight-Through Cables to connect:
Router (GigabitEthernet0/0) to Switch (FastEthernet0/1).
Connect each PC to the switch (PC0 to FastEthernet0/2, PC1 to FastEthernet0/3, PC2 to
FastEthernet0/4, PC3 to FastEthernet0/5).
Assign IP Addresses:
For the Router interface:
Run
Copy code
Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# interface g0/0
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Router(config-if)# exit
For PCs:
PC0: 192.168.1.10, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
PC1: 192.168.1.11, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
PC2: 192.168.1.12, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
PC3: 192.168.1.13, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
Test Connectivity:
Open the Command Prompt on each PC.
Use the ping command to test connectivity to the router (e.g., from PC0, type ping 192.168.1.1).