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Genetics Revision Notes

biology

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suryapratp369
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7 views2 pages

Genetics Revision Notes

biology

Uploaded by

suryapratp369
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENETICS

DEFINUT IONSl a
CHARACTER: He ntable featuse
Hei gnt Vavies among individoals
VARIAION: Smal difeexences in
chosactesistics shown by individuals)
Dua amePecgs
TRAT: Vayiont Co character Ceg
ple colou foz f1owess)
Lehitepuple
PHENOTYPE: Physical expressiono chaactex de to
9enetie constitohon
aENOTYPE Genetic consHtution of o s n i s m o a n y char
o uhich it expreesses itself
due MONOHYBRIDCROSSCbSS bet"]
2 purebreedng individuals wl i
FactoS contolling gene paiz of contaasting tsaits.
Leads to genesa tion whch
similav
HoMOZYGo0S/ PUREBREEDT. ttrs hybrid fos that chas.
DoMINANT GENE
Dissimn lax
Tt ExpresSes itselF phenotypically Tt
HETERDZY60US/HYBRID BECESsIVE GENE
Remain9 unexPresse t
TT tt OLocus: CÁLLELE :
Nariant of
GENERATiON: Hy tion
bidocaafion o+ samne gene
in same,place
Tt TE (F
Fozmed on
TITt Tt t+ F GENERATION: selfing F1 9en)
MuTATION: Spontaneous change in genetie constitu hon of an oxgns)
may may not be inhesited)
a Muta tion of RBCs
SICKLE CELL Disc-shaped cre scent-shaped
ANAEM(A Gets toapped in blood vess els, blocking
blood Prom reaching body
Caus eS Pain, tissue olamage
4 THALASSEMIA nherited blood disoder
avses anaemia
MENDEL'S FXPFR IMENTI(Reasons fos choosing pea plants:
Larg e, bisexual flowexs
(.
Plant 2.. Annual plants
uséd: garden pea 3.Exhiloit many Contrasting tajts
pisUm sativum 4. Can carY out astificial pollinahon
SCoNTRASTING CHARACTERS SEX DETERMINATION
CHARACTER Oom. BEC. SLiNKAGe Tendeneyof a genes pTesent5
Flower coloux Puvple white Son chTomosone to pass pron paz ent
Tall
Dwayf ospring
Plant height HEMIZyoUS Condifio seen in nales
Seed colous yelLow Gree where chazacter contolled by
Seed shape Round WrinkLed (9ene in absence of ollele mania
HoLAN DRIC GENES: Present only o
Pod colous Green yellow (chvomosome (father Son)
Pod shape Intlated Constrictea(HAEMoPHILIA: Person los eea
blood even in a small cut
SFATHER reg HoERT RICHOSIS CVai
mOTHER Lpzesent on coY pinroS

yh
(MENDEL'S LAWS OF INHERITANCE
uNT CHARACTER parent plant Female la
Evesy chazactex in individugl
Male
phenotype .. Tail Dwar
Contsolled by pai of genes, tt
one o which shared by fem. genotype... TI
pazent and other by mole
gametogenesis. ..
Paxent
F1 gen: tall-.TE

1st LAW OF INHERITANCE (hale Fendle T


Fa Ctovslenes contoolling
TT
charactes segegate /separate Tt
w/oAfluencing each othe
Such that each garnete g ets selfing TETa1O
1 genefox hat chaz. F1gen,
duzing gametogenesis t
t|Tt tt
PR: 3cTall) : 1 CO waf)
GR: 1( TT): 2 (Tt): 1(tt) Tall Duarf

2nd LAW oF INHERIT ANCE Male Female AR|%yR y


Factoss/genes contolling diff.chars 9ello Greon
qssoat themselves independenty Round wrinkled YR yYRR y2s Yy RRYy Ro
yellowyeltnYetloyelo
PoundRund ound Roynd
w/o ineluencing each other YYRR gy8
YYRYYoyRYy
during gametogenesis oyetto Yetl velloo yello
PR: q (Yellow Round: 3(Yell ow YR y Round wYinRoundWzin.
wrinkled) : 3( areen selfng,R7yks yRRYy Ro yyRyyR
Fgeñ. yekow yelloy GreenGreen
yR RoundRoundRound
Bound): 1(G seen Pound
Woinkl ed) sellowyellow5reon Green
GR: Vaxiable YR Yo yR y Rond wyin.RoundWin.

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