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Classification - Data Mining

The document discusses Naive Bayesian Classification, a statistical method used for classifying data based on Bayes' theorem. It explains how to determine the probability of a data tuple belonging to a specific class by considering conditional independence among attributes. The document also highlights the efficiency and accuracy of Naive Bayesian classifiers in comparison to other classification methods.

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Kiran
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5 views6 pages

Classification - Data Mining

The document discusses Naive Bayesian Classification, a statistical method used for classifying data based on Bayes' theorem. It explains how to determine the probability of a data tuple belonging to a specific class by considering conditional independence among attributes. The document also highlights the efficiency and accuracy of Naive Bayesian classifiers in comparison to other classification methods.

Uploaded by

Kiran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9Bayer Classkica'on etiads

* Bayesion Cassifens) are stakstical clasiies


probabiite Such
4Can pacduct cas membeship partiear
qiven tuple belonq
belong: to a
Ahe poob. dhat a gren
clas
Based on Baye's hovem
Cla:fier i a imple 8.C. to
^ Naive Bayesian decision byees &
with
Comparable in pétormonte classikevs.a
selecked neuval octuwovk
hiqh aceuvacy & speed when
* D.c also eahilited
databases.
applied to Corge
aClavs-Conditional ndependente:
Naive Baueian ClasstFres s
An asumpbion of value
of
oPlect
an attribute AOn a given clay
Ahat Ahe
other alttbutet value.
is tndependent of Athe
Baye'1 Theore m
Let X be data tuple
ayesian krms, x - considered as "evidence"
desusbed by meassemen ts made on a set of n
attibutes.

Let H be SOme
hypoheei) such tht Hhe dota uple
belong to a cpecike clas C.
4Pos
fo casifeation poblems,
Ce wan t to delemine PCu)
probabibtyy hat dce hypotheis HH holdr qiren tthe
hypotheit
-
obsesved data tuple X.
-POH/1) postesex(e0 posteori prbabi lity,of
H Condiioned on X.

Example'acig lncome
Custoymer aage
X $40,000
Suppose H i the hypolhesi1 that ouy Cutomer
hypothesi Ahat
wtll by3 a computer ,hen
P(HI) he po babi l: by that cwtomer X loill by
Co mputer gien by bng that oe ktoco Customer
age s fncome.
Con tra_ts, P) i pior probahi lity or pioni prob,
af H
Example:pls
Hhat is pro babil;ty that any given cuit
Co mputes, reqardles of aqe i income.
+Similary enplain,
postenio psor

estimated Foon
* PCH), P) i p IH) can be
He give n data.
Boyes' theoveon i wsehul tor calalating posteiov
pobabilthy
P(#/) PA)P4)
PCx)
Naive Bayeiao Cantieaton
Sollos
)Let D be tvoining set of tuplei a anociated clai
(abel.
O-dmesional atile
-each tupk vepeiented 3
an

meaurements made oh tuple from


atpicting
h-attibutes, A,Ae---t
respectively

Juppose thee ae o-casel ,C,cCm


Givea a
the clasifer oill predict that x belong to the
onditionel
claus haing the highet portetor probabilhy
on X
clas,
ic, NBC prcdict thot the tuple 1 belong to, Ci if
ie-,
and onlyif
P(c:Is) >rc; I)
lx) for 12jsm, j#i
max[mige rlcalx),
which pCcilx) is maximised')
Theclas Ct foY
des
is called maximum posteriov hype the si
Accovding He bayes Heore m
PCC:/x) Plc) Pla)

to be maimi zed.
pob.is not Kao con,then
-T! clas piox
-all clases are cqualy Chely,
Hhe
ie, Pa): PCC) rCcm)
marimige P(x / c ) o h
othentse P*/c)rc)
probalil'he ybe extimated by
-Clan priov
P(C): |c,ol / i p b
Lino. ot taining tuple pt dan Gin D
9)Tt cwould be comre xpenive to Compute Pt)
toheA foY the with many
datosets many attibute,6
das
-to reduce this he nafve asumpHon
Condt ianal tndependente i made.Cie, there are nO
dependence relatonships among
among the attrbute:)

the probabitkes palc:)


d
Pact),... , p(xotC)
esti mated from training tuple.
-Here x, yerefers
fevs to Hhe value of ottibute Ay for
tuple X.
-for each
atthbute; he we check hetther the atthibute
Cate gorical OY
Conhinuo-valued.
Exomple: To Campute PXlc) , we corider t
P.lc)no.ot tuple of clas G in O having the
ualue kk for AK
no. of eto tuples of clas C; in D.

(6) Tf A, s continusus valucd,


he cal culation i shaightfersasd
-A Con tinuous valued atibute s ypcally Qsured
to have Gaustao dttrbuko n ith
ctandad devia Hon dekned by
Jen
So that

Aivst com puk e £ ei


Erenges x-(s,s40,0oo)
wherr A, A are attibter

apectuely
lel late' cla labet attibute be buys- CompukeY
asociated clan lalel fox X:yes
Cbuy-com puler =ye)
has noB been diCvekged .& Hereore
eist ay Conhoow -valued attibute

Fom training set,he Cautomers in D who bgi


Compukex av S8+ 12 yearn
tuple X
Hhe
the clas
claus (abel
label X,
X, Pic)PCC) 3
)6 prdict
aluatrd foy each clas Ci if only i,
P(XIC;) P(CG)
are Kayetan caniFew ?
How effeot ve
bayesian clasiien havey mìn e r date
Tatheoy,
to othey classifes.
when Compared to
aluan the case
pracally,t not
But

ogfeCop foshut)Shaopespo):0

-a)pny

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