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Javascript Essentials Notes

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3 views

Javascript Essentials Notes

Uploaded by

odhiambojoseph281
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complete JavaScript Beginner Notes (The Crucial 20% + More)

1. Variables

• Use let and const to store values.


• let can be updated; const cannot be changed once assigned.

let name = "Alice";


const age = 25;

Classwork: Create variables for your name, age, and school. Homework: Create variables for your 3
favorite foods and log them.

2. Data Types

• String: Text inside quotes


• Number: 5, 3.14, -10
• Boolean: true or false
• Array: List of items
• Object: Grouped data with keys

let isHappy = true;


let fruits = ["apple", "banana"];
let student = { name: "Sam", age: 10 };

Classwork: Create a variable for each data type. Homework: Create an object with your name, age, and
favorite color.

3. Operators

• Arithmetic: + , - , * , / , %
• Assignment: = , += , -=

let total = 5 + 3;
total += 2;

Homework: Write code to divide 100 by 5, then add 20 to the result.

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4. Comparison Operators

• == : equal value
• === : equal value and type
• != , !== , > , < , >= , <=

let a = 5;
console.log(a == "5"); // true
console.log(a === "5"); // false

Homework: Compare your age to 18 using > , === .

5. Logical Operators

• && : AND
• || : OR
• ! : NOT

let isAdult = true;


let hasID = true;
console.log(isAdult && hasID); // true

Homework: Check if a student passed and has completed homework.

6. Type Conversion

• Convert strings to numbers and vice versa.

let numStr = "10";


let num = Number(numStr);

Homework: Convert "50" to a number, add 25.

7. String Methods

• .length , .toUpperCase() , .includes() , .slice()

let word = "JavaScript";


console.log(word.length);
console.log(word.toLowerCase());

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Homework: Print the length of your name and convert it to uppercase.

8. Array Basics & Methods

• Arrays use square brackets []


• Methods: .push() , .pop() , .length

let colors = ["red", "blue"];


colors.push("green");

Homework: Create an array of 5 animals. Add and remove one.

9. Functions

• A block of reusable code

function greet(name) {
console.log("Hello, " + name);
}
greet("Sam");

Homework: Write a function that takes 2 numbers and adds them.

10. If/Else Statements

• Run different code based on conditions

let age = 17;


if (age >= 18) {
console.log("Adult");
} else {
console.log("Minor");
}

Homework: Create a program that checks if a number is even or odd.

11. Loops

• for , while , for...of

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for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
console.log(i);
}

let fruits = ["apple", "banana"];


for (let fruit of fruits) {
console.log(fruit);
}

Homework: List 10 numbers using a for loop.

12. Comments

• // for single line


• /* */ for multiple lines

// This is a comment
/* This
is multi-line */

Homework: Comment each line in one of your homework programs.

13. Basic Error Handling

• try...catch catches runtime errors

try {
let result = 10 / 0;
console.log(result);
} catch (e) {
console.log("Error happened!");
}

Homework: Try dividing by a string and catch the error.

14. Scope and var , let , const

• let and const are block-scoped


• var is function-scoped

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let x = 10;
if (true) {
let x = 5;
console.log(x); // 5
}
console.log(x); // 10

Homework: Test scope by declaring variables in and outside a block.

FINAL PROJECT CHALLENGE

• Ask user for their name and age


• If age >= 18, print: "You can drive."
• Else, print: "Come back later."
• Use function , if , prompt , and console.log()

Ready to Learn More? Next topics: DOM Manipulation, Events, ES6 Features, Objects & Prototypes.

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