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Computer Arithmetic
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1. A CPU has an arithmetic unit that adds bytes and then sets its (d) 1100 1010 1111 1111
V, C and Z flag bits as follows: the V-bit is set if arithmetic (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2014)
overflow occurs. The C-bit is set if a carry-out is generated from 9. Multiplication of 1112 by 1012 is
the most significant bit during an operation. The Z-bit is set if
the result is zero. What are the values of the V, C and Z flag bits (a) 1100112 (b) 1000112
respectively after the 8-bit bytes 1100 1100 and 1000 1111 are (c) 1111002 (d) 0001012
added? (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2014)
(a)0, 0, 0 (b)1, 1, 0 10. What is the 8 bit 2’s complement representation of the
(c)1, 1, 1 (d)0, 1, 0 negative integer -93?
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2008)
2. Floating point numbers in a computer are represented using a (a) 1010011 (b) 10100010
10-bit mantissa (including a sign bit) and a 7-bit exponent (c) 0XA2 (d) None of these
(including a sign bit). What is the approximate value of the (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2014)
maximum number, which can be represented? Assume that 11. The result of multiplication of the numbers (10101)2 and
the mantissa is stored in the normalised form, that is, without (11101)2 in hexadecimal form is
leading zeroes.
(a)2128 (b)2127 (c)264 (d)263 (a) 609 (b) 216
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2008) (c) 261 (d) 906
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2014)
3. Assuming all numbers are in 2’s complement represenatation,
which of the following numbers is divisible by 11111011 ? 12. When the value 37H is divided by 17H , the remainder is
(a)11100100 (b)11010111 (a) COH (b) 03H
(c)11011011 (d)00000110 (c) 07H (d) 09H
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2009) (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2015)
4. When two binary numbers are added, then an overflow 13. P is a 16- bit signed integer. The 2’s complement
will never occur, if representation of P is (𝐹87𝐵)18 . The 2’s complement
(a) both numbers of same sign representation of 8P is
(b) the carry into the sign bit position and out of sign bit (a)(C3D8)16 (b)(187𝐵)16
position are not equal (c)(188𝐵)16 (d)(987𝐵)16
(c) the carry into the sign bit position and out of sign bit (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2015)
position are equal
(d) the carry into the sign bit position is 1 14. The 2’s complement representation of the number
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2011) (−100)10 in an 8-bit computer is
(a)10011011 (b)01100100
5. The sum of 11010 + 01111 equals to (c)11100100 (d)10011100
(a) 101001 (b) 101010 (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2016)
(c) 110101 (d) 101000 15. Subtract (1010)2 from(1101)2 using first complement
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2011) (a)(1100)2 (b)(0101)2
(c)(1001)2 (d)(0011)2
6. Let x=11111010 and y=00001010 be two 8-bit 2’s (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2016)
complement numbers. Their product in 2’s complement
notation is 16. The representation of a floating point binary
(a) 11000100 number +1001.11 in 8-bit fraction and 6-bit exponent
(b) 10011100 format is
(c) 10100101 (a)fraction :01001110 exponent: 000100
(d) 11010101 (b)fraction :00001001 exponent: 000011
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2012) (c)fraction :10010000 exponent: 110000
7. The answer of the operation (10111)2 × (1110)2 in hex (d) fraction :00100100 exponent: 011000
equivalent is (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2017)
(a)150 (b)14 C 17. Which of the following is the representation of decimal
(c)142 (d)13 E number (-147) in 2’s complement notation on a12 bit
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2013) machine?
8. What is the 2’s complement of 00110101 1001 1100? (a)111101101100 (b)110001001101
(c)111101101101 (d)000001101101
(a) 1100 1010 1100 1011 (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2017)
(b) 1100 1010 0110 0011
(c) 1100 1010 0110 0100

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18. With 4-bit 2's complement arithmetic, which of the 27. Given that numbers A and B are two 8 bit 2’s complement
following addition will result in overflow? numbers with A = 11111111;, B = 11111111. Then sum A + B is
(a) 1111+1101 (b)0110+0110 ____
(c) 1101+0101 (d) 0101+1011
(a) 00000010 (b) 11111100
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2019)
(c) 11111110 (d) 00000000
19. If the 2's complement representation of a number is (Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2024)
(011010)2 , what is its equivalent hexadecimal 28. Let the given number 11001, 1001 and 111001 be correspond
representation? to the 2’s complement representation. Then with which one of
(a)(110)16 (b) (1A)16 the following decimal number, the given numbers match
(c) (16)16 (d)(26)16
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2019) (a) -6, -6 and -6, respectively
(b) -7, -7 and -7 respectively
20. If N is a 16-bit signed integer, then 2's complement
(c) -25, -9 and -57 respectively
representation of N is (F87B)16 . Then, 2's complement
(d) 25, 9 and 57, respectively
representation of 8*N is
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2024)
(a)(C3D8)16 (b)(187B)16
(c)(F878)16 (d)(987B)16
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2019) 1 b 2 d 3 a 4 d 5 a
21. In an 8 bit representation of computer system the decimal
6 a 7 c 8 c 9 b 10 d
number 47 has to be subtracted from 38 and the result in 11 c 12 d 13 a 14 d 15 d
binary 2's complement is ... 16 a 17 c 18 b 19 b 20 a
(a)11110111 (b)10001001 21 a 22 b 23 d 24 b 25 d
(c)11111001 (d)11110001 26 a 27 c 28 b
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2019)
22. The binary multiplication 00*11 will give Solution:
(a)11 (b)00 (c)01 1. (b)
(d)10 1  carry
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2021) 11001100
+ 10001111
23. The maximum and minimum value represented in signed
1 01011011
16- bit 2s compliment representation are V = 1, as there is an overflow
(a) 0 and 32767 (b) 0 and 65535 C = 1, as carry out is generated by most significant bits
(c)-16384 and 16383 (d)-32678 and 32767 Z = 0, as the result is not zero.
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2023) Hence, 1,1,0 is the bits obtained.
24. What is a potential problem of I’s complement 2. (d)
representation of numbers?
(a) Binary substructions are not possible
(b) There are two different representations of zero
Maximum number
(c) Multiplication of two numbers cannot carried out
= 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x 2(111111)2 = 263
(d) Binary additions are not possible
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2023) 3. (a) 1’s complement of 11111011 is
25. The quotient, if the binary numebr 11010111 is divided by 101, Now it’s 2’s complement = 00000100
is___ + 1
00000101
(a) 101101 (b) 101010 It’s Decimal equivalent
(c) 111001 (d) 101011 = 1 x 22 + 0 x 21 + 1 x 20 = 4 + 0 + 1 = 5
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2024) From option 0.
26. Consider the following 4- bit binary numbers represented in 1’s complement of 00000110 is = 11111001
the 2’s complement form : 1101 and 0100 Now, it’s 2’s complement = 111110011
+ 1
What would be the result when we add them? 11111010
(a) 0001 and no overflow
Its decimal equivalent
(b) 1001 and an overflow
= 1 x 27 + 1 x 26 + 1 x 25 + 1 x 24 + 1 x 23 + 0 x 22 + 1 x 21 + 0 x 20
(c) 0001 and an overflow
= 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 2 = 250
(d) 1001 and no overflow
Whih is divisible by 5.
(Computer Arithmetic NIMCET 2024)
4. (d) When two binary numbers are added, then an overflow will
never occur if, the carry into the sign bit position is 1.

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16 609
5. (a)
16 33 1
11010
+ 01111 2 6
101001 = (261)16
So, the output of the (10101)2 × (11101)2 in hexadecimal =
261
6. (a)
7. (c)
12. (d) 37H means (00110111)2
The multiplication of (10111)2  (1110)2 is
17H means (00010111)2
(10111)2  (1110)2 = (000101000010)2
Now, we convert 37H, 17H binary number into decimal number.
Now, the result is converted into hexadecimal as
(00110111)2 decimal number = (55)10
⏟
0001 ⏟
0100 ⏟
0010
1 4 2 (00010111)2 decimal number = (23)10
So, the answer of the operation (55)ℎ0 + (23)ℎ0 = 23)55(2 = (9)10
(10111)2  (1110)2 in hex equivalent is (142)16. 46 or
9 (1001)2
8. (c) The given number is 0011010110011100 . (1001)2 Hexadecimal = 09 , remainder = 09H On division of
Now, change this number into one's complement as, 37H by 17H the remainder is 09H.
13. (a)

Now add 1 to the one's complement to obtain two's

complement representation of the given number as
1100101001100011
+1
2's 1100101001100100

Value in decimal is (1925)10, Hence, 𝑃 = −1925

9. (b) Multiplication of two binary numbers, which are given as So, now doing 8∗ 𝑃 = (−15400)10
1112  1012 Since, a negative number we have to find the 2 's complement
111 of -15400 .
101 Binary of 15400 = 0011110000101000
111
000
111
100011 = (C3 D8)16

10. (d) 14. (d)

8 bit representation of 100  01100100
The given number is –93 Complement  10011011
The equivalent binary representation of 93 in byte is Add 1  00000001
01011001. –1  10011100
Now change it into 1’s complement.
Hence 2’s complement representation is 10011100.
15. (d)
(1101)2 – (1010)2
Therefore, the one’s complement representation of –93 is 1’s complement of 1010 is 0101.
10100110 Minued –1101
Now found 2’s complement. 1’s complement of subtrahead –0101
10100110 Carry over 10010
_______+1 1
10100111 0011
This value does not match with other options. So, the answer is The required difference is 0011.
none of these. 16. (a)
The binary number + 1001.11 is represented with an 8- bit
11. (c) The result of multiplication of the numbers (10101)2 and fraction and 6 – bit exponent as follows
(11101) 2 . Fraction Exponent
01001110 000100
(11101)2 The fraction has a 0 in the left most position to denote positive.
(10101)2 = (21)10 The binary point of the fraction follows the sign bit but is not
(11101)2 = (29)10 shown in the register. The exponent has the equivalent binary
Multiplication of (21)10 × (29)10 = (609)10 number +4. The floating point number is equivalent to
(609)10 is equivalent to hexadecimal m x 2e = + (.1001110)2 x 2+4

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17. (c) 8 bit representation of 38 = 00100110

(147)10 convert into (?)2 (47)10 – (38)10 = 00101111
2 147 –00100110
2 73 1 00001001
2 36 1 1’s complement =11110110
2 18 0 2’s complement =11110110
2 9 0 + 1
2 4 1 11110111
2 2 0 22. (b)
1 0 Binary multiplication for 00*11
(147)10 = (10010011)2 0 0
First bit (the left most) indicates the sign X 1 1
I = negative, 0 = Positive 0 0
Positive binary computer representation on 12 bit if needed, add 0 0 x
extra 0, in front of the base 2 member: 0 0 0
So, (147)10 = 000010010011 So, it will give output as 00.
For 1’s complement, replace all the bits on 0 with 1s and all the
bits set on 1 with 0s. 23. (d) In a signed 16-bit 2’s complement representation, the most
1’s complement of significant bit (MSB) is reserved for the sign of the number. The
(–147) = 111101101100 remaining 15 bits represent the magnitude of the number.
For 2’s complement, add 1 to the number of 1’s complement For a signed 16-bit representation, the range of values that an
2’s complement of (–147) be represented is from –2^(15) to 2^(15)–1.
111101101100 –2^ (15) = 32768
+ 1 2^(15)–1 = 32767
111101101101
Therefore, the maximum value represented is -32768 , and the
18. (b) minimum value represented is 32767 .
The rules for detecting overflow in a 2’s complement sum are:
(i) If the sum of two positive numbers, yields a negative result;
(+A) + (+B) = –C 24. (b) In 1's complement representation of numbers, the sign of a
(ii) If the sum of two negative numbers, yields a positive results number is determined by the leftmost bit (MSB), where 0
; (–A) + (–B) = + C represents a positive number and 1 represents a negative
(iii) otherwise, the sum has not overflowed. number. To obtain the 1 's complement of a number, each bit of
From the given options, only option (b) will produce the the original number is inverted. However, one potential problem
result in overflow.
with 1's complement representation is that there are two
19. (b)
different representations of zero. In regular binary
To convert the binary number into hexadecimal, making the
group of 4 bits each from right to left. If the left most group has representation, zero is represented as all zeros. However, in l's
less than 4 bits, put in the necessary numbers of leading O’s on complement representation, zero can be represented as either
the left. all zeros or all ones.
Now each group will be converted to decimal number
(011010)2  (?)16
(011010)2  (?)16 25. (d)
0001 1010
101011 .
1 10=𝐴
So, (011010)2 = (1A)16 101) 11010111(
20. (a) 101
N = (F87B)16 is 1111 1000 01111 1011 001 1 0
The most significant bit in the binary representation is 1. 101 .
Which implies that the number is negative. 00 1 1 1
To get the value of the number perform the 2’s. 0 1 0 1
Complement of the number. We get N as –1925 and 8*N as – 1 0 1
15400. 1 0 1
Since, 8*N is also negative, we need to find 2’s 0 0 0
Complement of it (–15400) 26. (a)
Binary of 15400 = 0011 1100 0010 1000 Consider the following 4- bit binary number represented in the 2’s
2’s complement = 1100 0011 1101 1000 = (C3D8)16
complement from ; 1101 and 0100
21. (a)
A = 1101  0011
Binary representation of 47 = 101111
= –3
8 bit representation of 47 = 00101111
B = 0100  4
Binary representation of 38 = 100110

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A+B= 4–3=1
1 = 0.001
No over flow.
Option (a) 0001 and no overflow.
27. (c)
A = 11111111 2’s com. 00000001 = –1
B = 11111111 2’s com. 00000001 = –1
–2 = 00000010
2’s = 11111110
28. (b)
2’s 11001 = 00111 = –7
2’s 1001 = 0111 = –7
2’s 111001 = 000111 = –7
Option (b) –7, –7 and –7 respectively.

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