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Database Management System (DBMS) 1

The document explains the concepts of data, information, databases, and Database Management Systems (DBMS). It highlights the differences between data and information, defining data as raw facts and information as processed data that is meaningful. Additionally, it describes the structure of databases, including fields, records, and tables, as well as common data types used in databases.

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Sundeep Baro
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6 views

Database Management System (DBMS) 1

The document explains the concepts of data, information, databases, and Database Management Systems (DBMS). It highlights the differences between data and information, defining data as raw facts and information as processed data that is meaningful. Additionally, it describes the structure of databases, including fields, records, and tables, as well as common data types used in databases.

Uploaded by

Sundeep Baro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Concept of Database

•Data
•Information
•Database
•Database Management
System(DBMS)
•Relational Database Management
System(RDBMS)
Database Management System (DBMS)
Data and Information:
Data : Facts or raw materials that can be recorded. These can be
stored in the form of text , numbers, symbols, speech, Videos,
audios, images etc.
or
Data is defined as the collection of facts and details like text,
figures, observations, symbols or simply description of things,
event or entity gathered with a view to drawing inferences. It is
the raw fact, which should be processed to gain information
The term data is derived from Latin term ‘datum’ which
refers to ‘something given’.
• There can be two types of data:
• Primary Data
• Secondary Data
Information :
When data are processed and converted into meaningful and useful
form, it is known as information. i.e information can be defined as
a set of organized and validated collection of data. For example
“John is 34 years old and he is a chef.”
The term information discovered from the Latin word ‘informare’,
which refers to ‘give form to’.
Differences Between Data and Information
• Raw facts gathered about a condition, event, idea, entity or anything else which is bare
and random, is called data. Information refers to facts concerning a particular event or
subject, which are refined by processing.
• Data are simple text and numbers, while information is processed and interpreted data.
• Data is in an unorganized form, i.e. it is randomly collected facts and figures which are
processed to draw conclusions. On the other hand, when the data is organised, it becomes
information, which presents data in a better way and gives meaning to it.
• Data is based on observations and records, which are stored in computers or simply
remembered by a person. As against this, information is considered more reliable than
data, as a proper analysis is conducted to convert data into information by the researcher
or investigator.
• The data collected by the researcher, may or may not be useful to him, as when the data
is gathered, it is not known what they are about or what they represent? Conversely,
information is valuable and useful to the researcher because it is presented in the given
context and so readily available to the researcher for use.
• Data is not always specific to the need of the researcher, but information is always
specific to his requirements and expectations, because all the irrelevant facts and figures
are eliminated, during the transformation of data into information.
• When it comes to dependency, data does not depend on information. However,
information cannot exist without data.
Database :
A database can be defined as a collection of related data in
an organized way. The organized information (i.e.
database) serves as a base from which the desired
information can be retrieved , conclusions can be drawn
and decisions can be made by further reorganizing or
processing this data. In fact, a database not only stores
information, but the information is integrated so that when
the database is incorporated, users can get something
useful from it. A data base can be anything from a simple
collection of roll nos. names, addresses, telephone
numbers of students.
• Age cost of computer list of s/w
• 25 60k o/s
entities/objects
Fields

COD DEPT NAME ADDRESS CITY PHONE


Row1 0101 RD01 Prince Park Way London 74134542
Row2 0102 RD01 Harry Pebble Street Lester 54847188
0103 RD02 Tom Rose Garden Liverpool 27565135
•. 0104 RD02 Susan Model Town Bristol 45218741
•. 0105 ED01 Mark Victor Crescent Everton 44775522
•.
•. 0106 AD01 Francis Chelmsford Park Paris 75412023
•. 0107 GR01 Robert Downtown Cross Berlin 71524123
Row8 0108 RD02 Philip Park Avenue Calgary 71548562

Table
• Field/Column : A field represents one related part of a
table and is the smallest logical structure of storage in a
database. It holds one piece of information about an item
or subject. E.g. in an employee database, the fields can
be Code, Dept., Name……
• Record/Row : A record is a collection of multiple related
fields that can be treated as a unit. E.g. fields Code,
Dept……. Phone for a particular employee form a
record. Each row is a record.
• Table : A table is a named collection of logically related
multiple records. E.g. a collection of all the employee
records of a company form employee table. Every record
in a table has a same set of fields. A table is also referred
to as a file.
Data Types: The most commonly used data types are -
Character, Numeric, and Date and Time.
• Character Data Type : It is used to store characters,
numbers, special characters or combinations of any of
these. If a value is stored in an alphanumeric field the
value is treated as a character, not a number.
• Numeric Data Types : It is used to store only numeric
values.
• Date and Time Type : It is used to store date and time
values. The values for this data type vary depending on
the database software being used.
• DBMS

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