Assignment for “Mathematics for Economics &

Managements ” 2025-HKD
Class: 25D1MAT50802802

Instructor: Hồ Ngọc Kỳ

1 Requirements:
Students must carefully read the requirements before submitting their work:

- The work must be handwritten clearly and neatly (it is strongly recommended to use
A4 paper) and include your full name, your signature and student ID (Mã số sinh
viên).

- Use an app (e.g., CamScanner) or a scanner to scan the completed work into one PDF
file (only PDF files are accepted).

- Name the file according to the following format: studentID_fullname.

Example: If the name is Trần Văn Nam and the student ID is 31241020788, then the
file is named: 31241020788_tranvannam.

2 Problems:
Important Note: In all the problems below, Γ is the last digit of your Student ID.
For example, if your name is Trần Văn Nam and your Student ID is 31241020788,
then Γ = 8.

Problem 1. Let A, B, and C be 4x4 square matrices with |A| = 3, |B| = 1+Γ, and |C| = 4.

−1
Find the determinant of the matrix 2A3 B T 41 C PA , where AT and PA are the transpose
and adjoint matrix of A, respectively.

Problem 2. Let  
−2 2 3 1
 
 
2 0 1 2
A=



2 0 1 0
 
m 0 Γ+1 0
Determine m such that

1
 (a) rank(A) < 4.

(b) (A + I)3 is singular .

Problem 3. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 and PA be the adjoint matrix of A. Suppose
that det(PA ) = det(2A) + Γ, find det(A).

Problem 4. Let A be a square matrix satisfying A2+Γ + (1 + Γ)A − I = 0. Prove that A is

invertible and find A−1 in terms of A.

Hint: If AB = I, then A is invertible and A−1 = B.

 
m 3 1 Γ
 
 
 3 1 1 1
Problem 5. Given A =   with m ∈ R, determine rank(A) in terms of m.
 
 4 4 2 2
 
1 3 1 Γ

Hint: The rank of a matrix remains unchanged after performing elementary row or column
operations. Use a combination of row and column operations to move m to the position a44
before reducing A to row-echelon form.
 
  1 −1 1
1 Γ  
Problem 6. Find a matrix X such that AXB = C, where A =  , B = 0 −1 1,

0 −1  
0 1 1
 
5 −1 1
and C =  .
3 −1 1
   
5 −1 1 1 1
   
 3 −1 1 2 
   
 2 
Problem 7. Let A =   and B =  , where m ∈ R is a parameter.
   
1 1 1 3   3 
   
−1 1 1 m m+Γ

(a) Find m such that the homogeneous system AX = O has a nontrivial solution and
determine its general solutions in this case.

(b) Find m such that the linear system AX = B is a Cramer system and determine its
solutions in this case.

(c) Solve the linear system AX = B in terms of the parameter m.

2
Problem 8. Solve the following system in terms of the parameter m:




 2x1 − x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 = 1



3x1 − 2x2 + 2x3 + x4 + x5 = 1

.
5x1 − 3x2 + 4x3 + x4 + x5 = 1







10x − 6x + 7x + 3x + mx = Γ

1 2 3 4 5

Hint: You should use the operation ri → αri − βrj rather than ri → ri − αβ rj when β
α
∈
/ Z.

Problem 9. Consider an input-output model of three sectors with the Leontief matrix
 
0.1 m 0.2
 
A = 0.3 0.2 0.1
 
 
0.2 0.1 0.3

Suppose that

ˆ The output of three sectors are 210, 200, 180, respectively.

ˆ The total value of inputs required from three sectors for sector 2 is 140.

If the final demand of the 3 sectors changes by 10, 20, and Γ respectively, how much will the
output of the three sectors change?

Problem 10. Consider an input-output model of three sectors with the Leontief matrix
 
0.1 0.3 0.2
 
A = 0.6 0.2 0.1 .
 
 
0.2 0.3 0.3

Find the output of the 3 sectors, given that the final demand for the three sectors is 75,
1
90, and 80+Γ, respectively. If, due to technological improvements, sector 1 saves 3
of the
materials from sector 2, determine the output of the three sectors in this case.

Problem 11. Consider an input-output model of three sectors with the Leontief matrix
 
0, 1 0, 3 0, 2
 
A =  0, 4 0, 2
 
0, 1 
 
0, 2 0, 3 0, 3

If sector 1 requires 200 + Γ units from sector 2, how many units does sector 1 require from
sector 3?

3
 ∂z ∂z
Problem 12. Evaluate ∂x
(0, 1), ∂y (0, 1), where z = z(x, y) is given by

x3 + y 3 + z 3 + 3xyz = Γ + 2.
 
Problem 13. Let f (x, y) = ln 1 + sin xy . Find df, d2 f and df (π, 1), d2 f (π, 1).

Problem 14. Find all relative extrema and saddle points of the function
y2
(a) z = x + 4x
+ y1 .

(b) z = x4 + y 4 + 4xy.

Problem 15. Let f (x, y) = −x2 − xy − y 2 + Γx + my + 2m, where m ∈ R is a parameter.

Find m such that f attains a global maximum at a point that belongs to the line x − y = 0.

Problem 16. The savings S of a city depend on its income I by the equation:
1
S 2 + I 2 = SI + I.
4
It is known that savings do not exceed 30% of the income. Using marginal quantity and
elasticity, at the income level I = 16:

(a) Calculate the marginal savings.

(b) How many % does savings approximately increase when income increases by 1.5%?

Problem 17. Suppose that the cost function of a product is C(Q), where Q is the level of
C(Q)
output. Let C(Q) = Q
denote the average cost function. Given that when Q = 10, the
elasticity of cost with respect to Q is 1 + Γ and the average cost is 40, calculate the marginal
cost with respect to Q when Q = 10.

Problem 18. A firm has a production function Q(x, y) = (1 + Γ)x1/2 y 1/3 , where x and
y represent the quantities of the first and second inputs, respectively. Let εx Q(x0 , y0 ) and
εy Q(x0 , y0 ) denote the elasticities of Q with respect to x and y at the point (x0 , y0 ), respec-
tively. Calculate εx Q(27, 4), εy Q(27, 4), and explain the meaning of these values.
√
Problem 19. A firm has the production function is Q(L, K) = LK. Assume the firm
must produce Q0 = 1000 units of output. Using the Lagrange multiplier method,
determine the amount of labor L and capital K that minimize the cost function:

C(L, K) = wL + rK,

where w = 400 is the wage per unit of labor, and r = 0.01 is the interest rate on borrowed
capital.

4
Problem 20. A factory produces a type of product using a single input material A. Let ℓ
represent the number of labor hours and k represent the number of units of material A used.
The estimated output is given by:

Q(ℓ, k) = 12ℓ + 20k − ℓ2 − 2k 2 .

The cost per labor hour is 4, and the cost per unit of material A is 8. Given a total budget
of 88, determine the values of ℓ and k that maximize the output.

Problem 21. Solve the following differential equations

y
(a) y ′ = x ln x
+ x ln x with the initial condition y(e) = Γ.
p
(b) x 3 1 + Γ − y 3 dx + e2x y 2 dy = 0.

(c) y ′ = x sin 2x
y ln y
.

y x2
(d) y ′ = x
+ y2
with the initial condition y(1) = Γ.

dy
Problem 22. Solve dx
+ xy = cos x
x
. Find all particular solutions y such that limx→0 y exists.

Problem 23. Solve the following differential equations

(a) y ′′ + (1 + Γ)y ′ = cos 2x with the initial condition y(0) = y ′ (0) = 1.

(b) y ′′ − 2y ′ + y = ex (x + Γ).

(c) y ′′ + y = (x + Γ) sin x.