UNIT 4:

DERIVATIVES
5th year
Prof. Dolores Bosch

1) Find the derivatives at the given points using the definition:

1) y = x3 – 2x + 3 at x0 = 1 2) y = 2x4 – x en x0 = –2 3) y = x at x0 = 4
1 1 1
4) y = at x0 = –1 5) y = at x0 =1 6) y = at x0 = 2
x x x2

2) Find the derivative functions using the definition of the derivative:

1
1) y = x3 + x 2) y = 2x2 + 3x – 4 3) y = 1 4) y = x 5) y =
x x

3) Find the derivative functions using the rules of differentiation:

3) y = 1+ 4 x3 . 1+ 2 x 2 
1
1) y = x5  3x3 + 8 2) y = x +3 x + 4) y = x.ln x
x
2x 4 x3
3) y = x.(3x+2).(2x+3) 6) y = 7) y=
4  x2 1+ x 2
x
sen x e
8) y = sen x. cos x 9) y = 10) y=
1+ cos x tg x

11) y = x 2 + 45 12) y = x2 + 9 13) y = 3 + x . 3 x

1+ x 1+ x
14) y = x3  x 15) y = 16) y = 3 x 2 + x +1 17) y = ln
1 x 1 x

y = e 4 x 1
2
18) 19) y = 7x +3 x+2
20) y=e x

21) y = sen 2 x 22) y = sen ln x 23) y = ln tg x 24) y = sen3 (2x) + tg ln x

x 1 2
25) y = cos 2 26) f (t) = (t. cotg t)2 27) y = tg x  ln cos x
x +1 2

28) 
y = x + 1  ln 1+ x + 1  29) y = ln sec x + tg x 
 3
4) Given y = x  x 2 + 2 , calculate:
3
1) The slope of the tangent line at x0 = 1.
2) The points where the tangent line is parallel to the 6x – 2y = 6.
3) The point where the tangent line is perpendicular to the line x – y = 3.

5) Indicate the points where the tangent line is horizontal if:

x 3
1) f (x) = x3 – 6x2+2 2) f (x) = 3) f (x) = x  2 x 2 + 3x + 5
9 x 3

6) At which points does the curve f (x) = x3 + 4x +1 have a normal line with a slope of –1/7?

7) At which points is the tangent line to the curve f (x) = x3 – 3 is:

1) parallel to the line 12x – y = 5? 2) perpendicular to the line x + 3y – 1 = 0?

8) Find the equations of the tangent and normal lines to the following curves and sketch a graph:

1) y = x2 + 1 at x0 = 1.. 2) y = x at x0 = 1.

3) y = – x2 + 4 x –3 at x0 = 0. 4) y = 3x 2 + 1 at x0 = –1 5) y = 1
at x0 = 1
x 2 x

kx  2
9) Find the value of k so that f (2) = f '(2) if f (x) =
3x  1

10) Find the value of 𝑎 so that the graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2 + (𝑥 + 3). 𝑒 𝑎.𝑥 has a tangent line at 𝑥 = 0
that is perpendicular to the line 𝑠 → 𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 11. Find the equations of the tangent and normal
lines.

1
11) Find at which point on the curve of 𝑓(𝑥) = the tangent line is parallel to the line of
2√ 1 − 2𝑥
equation 𝑟 → 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 5 = 0

12) Determine the intervals of increasing and decreasing for the following functions:

1) f (x) = x2 –4x –1 2) f (x) = x3 –x2 –x 3) f (x) = 2x3 –9x2 +2

kx  1
13) Find the value of k / f x   is an increasing function.
xk
14) Find the relative maximum and minimum of the following functions. Sketch a graph:

1) f (x) = x3 –3x + 2 2) f (x) = x3 –3x2 + 4 3) f(x) = –x3 + 3x2 –2

2 𝑥2 1
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = +
𝑥 2 −1 2 𝑥

15) Given the following functions: find the local maximum, minimum and intervals of increasing
and decreasing. Also, determine the points of inflection and intervals of concavity: upwards and
concave downwards:

1
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 2 +
𝑥
1
h(x)=
𝑥2 − 4

Optimization Problems

1) A rectangular lot of 800 m² has one side along a river. Find the dimensions of the lot that minimize
the length of the fence required.

2) A square sheet of cardboard with a side length of 72 cm is used to make an open rectangular
box with the maximum possible volume. Squares are cut from the corners of the sheet, and the
sheet is folded to form the box. What should be the side length of the squares cut out?
 3) A rectangular field bounded by a river is to be fenced. The total length of the fence is
1,500 meters. Determine the dimensions of the field that maximize the enclosed area.

4) For which number xxx does the product of xxx and the number before it achieve a
maximum?

5) Find a and b such that the function f (x) = x3 + ax2 + b has a relative extremum at the point (2, 3).

6) If the following graph corresponds to the derivative of the

function f :  , determine the points where there are relative
extrema."

7) If the following graph corresponds to the derivative of the function f : 

, determine the intervals of growth and the points of inflection

8) Find a, b and c so that f (x) = ax2 + bx + c has a máximo relative de 7 at x0=1

and the curve f (x) passese through the point (2;–2).

9) Given f (x) = ax3 + bx2 find a and b so that it has an IP at (1;2).

10) A manufacturer needs to fence a rectangular storage area of 10800 m². The land is
adjacent to a building, which can be used as one side of the rectangle, thus not
requiring fencing on that side. The fence running parallel to the building needs to be
reinforced as it faces a road, and therefore the reinforced wire costs $3 per meter, while
the common wire costs $2 per meter. Additionally, there is an installation cost of $4500.

Find the dimensions that should be given to the storage space to minimize the fencing cost. What
is the minimum cost? How many meters of reinforced wire and common wire should be purchased

11) An editorial is producing a book with the following conditions: on each page, the text area will
be contained within a rectangle of 300 cm². The top and bottom margins must each be 2 cm high,
and the side margins must each be 1.5 cm wide. Find the dimensions of the page that will minimize
the amount of paper used.