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Radar

The document outlines a project on radar sensing using Arduino Uno, incorporating components like an ultrasonic sensor and a servo motor to create a radar system. It details the circuit connections, Arduino code for distance measurement, and Processing IDE code for data visualization. Applications include security systems, smart parking, robotics, and potential future enhancements such as using Doppler radar and AI-based classification.

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3 views7 pages

Radar

The document outlines a project on radar sensing using Arduino Uno, incorporating components like an ultrasonic sensor and a servo motor to create a radar system. It details the circuit connections, Arduino code for distance measurement, and Processing IDE code for data visualization. Applications include security systems, smart parking, robotics, and potential future enhancements such as using Doppler radar and AI-based classification.

Uploaded by

nvxyz123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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S.S.T.R.C, GOVT.

ITOT,
ALIGANJ, LUCKNOW
TRADE- ELECTRONICS MECHANIC
SYNOPSIS: RADAR SENSING USING ARDUINO
UNO

Trainee’s Name: Training Officer

Gyanendra Pal Singh Mr. Rajesh Pratap Singh SHRI. D.K SINGH
Anil Kumar Maurya Mr. Tarun Verma sir (DIRECTOR TECHNICAL)
Arvind Kumar Yadav
Arvind Kumar
Anurag
Introduc on:
Radar sensing technology is widely used for object detec on, mo on sensing, and distance
measurement. This project uses an Arduino Uno, an ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) or
microwave radar sensor (RCWL-0516), and a servo motor to simulate a radar system. The
detected data is visualized on a Processing IDE-based Radar Display.

Components Required:
Components Quan ty Purpose
Aurdino uno 1 Main MCU for processing
signals
Ultrasonic sensor(HC- 1 Measures distance of objects
SR04)
Servo Motor (SG90) 1 Rotates the sensor for
scanning
LCD Display(Screen) 1 Displays distance readings
LED 1 Indicates detec on visually
Jumper Wires As need Connec ons between
components
Breadboard 1 For easy connec ons
Circuit Connec ons:
(A) Connec ng the Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
 VCC → 5V on Arduino
 GND → GND on Arduino
 Trigger Pin (Trig) →
Digital Pin 9
 Echo Pin (Echo) →
Digital Pin 10
(B) Connec ng the Servo
Motor (SG90)
 VCC (Red wire) → 5V on
Arduino
 GND (Black wire) → GND on Arduino
 PWM Signal (Yellow/Orange wire) → Digital Pin 6
(C) Connec ng the Buzzer (Op onal)
 Posi ve (VCC) → Digital Pin 3
 Nega ve (GND) → GND on Arduino
(D) Connec ng the LCD Display (Op onal)
 Connect using an I2C module for easy wiring:
o SDA → A4
o SCL → A5
o VCC → 5V
o GND → GND

Arduino Code (Radar Sensing & Visualiza on):


#include <Servo.h>

#define TRIG_PIN 9
#define ECHO_PIN 10
#define SERVO_PIN 6
#define BUZZER_PIN 3
Servo myServo;

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(TRIG_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ECHO_PIN, INPUT);
pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
myServo.a ach(SERVO_PIN);
}

void loop() {
for (int angle = 0; angle <= 180; angle += 2) {
myServo.write(angle);
delay(50);
int distance = getDistance();
Serial.print(angle);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.println(distance);
if (distance > 0 && distance < 15) { // Alert if object is close
digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
}
}

for (int angle = 180; angle >= 0; angle -= 2) {


myServo.write(angle);
delay(50);
int distance = getDistance();
Serial.print(angle);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.println(distance);
if (distance > 0 && distance < 15) {
digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
}
}}
int getDistance() {
digitalWrite(TRIG_PIN, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(TRIG_PIN, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(TRIG_PIN, LOW);
long dura on = pulseIn(ECHO_PIN, HIGH);
int distance = dura on * 0.034 / 2;
return (distance > 0 && distance < 400) ? distance : -1;
}

Processing IDE Code for Radar Visualiza on:


To display radar visualiza on on your PC, install Processing IDE, then run this code:
import processing.serial.*;

Serial myPort;
int angle, distance;

void setup() {
size(600, 600);
myPort = new Serial(this, "COM5", 9600); // Change COM port as per your setup
}
void draw() {
background(0);
translate(width/2, height-50);
stroke(0, 255, 0);
line(0, 0, 0, -200);

while (myPort.available() > 0) {


String data = myPort.readStringUn l('\n');
if (data != null) {
String[] values = data.split(",");
if (values.length == 2) {
angle = int(values[0]);
distance = int(values[1]);
}
}
}

int x = int(distance * cos(radians(angle)));


int y = int(-distance * sin(radians(angle)));

fill(255, 0, 0);
ellipse(x, y, 10, 10);
}

How It Works:
1. Scanning: The servo motor moves the sensor from 0° to 180° and back.
2. Distance Calcula on: The ultrasonic sensor calculates the distance of objects.
3. Data Processing: The data is sent to the Processing IDE for visualiza on.
4. Alert System: If an object is detected within 15 cm, the buzzer beeps.

Applica ons:
01.Security Systems – Mo on detec on for intruder alerts.
02.Smart Parking – Object detec on for parking assistance.
03.Robo cs – Obstacle detec on in autonomous robots.
04.Industrial Use – Object coun ng and monitoring.

Future Enhancements:
Replace HC-SR04 with a Doppler Radar Sensor (e.g., RCWL-0516 or HB100) for more
accuracy.
Implement wireless monitoring using ESP8266 Wi-Fi module.
Use AI-based object classifica on to differen ate between moving and sta c objects.

Conclusion:
This project demonstrates a simple yet effec ve radar sensing system using Arduino Uno.
With further upgrades, it can be used in real-world security and automa on applica ons.

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