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Spring Annotations

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Java annotations essential for modern development, particularly within the Spring framework. It covers various annotations related to component scanning, dependency injection, configuration, scheduling, AOP, Spring Boot, MVC, exception handling, microservices, messaging, caching, security, data management, testing, transactions, and validation. Each section details specific annotations and their purposes, emphasizing their importance in building scalable and efficient applications.

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20A144 TIWARI NIRAJ RAVISHANKER
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16 views12 pages

Spring Annotations

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Java annotations essential for modern development, particularly within the Spring framework. It covers various annotations related to component scanning, dependency injection, configuration, scheduling, AOP, Spring Boot, MVC, exception handling, microservices, messaging, caching, security, data management, testing, transactions, and validation. Each section details specific annotations and their purposes, emphasizing their importance in building scalable and efficient applications.

Uploaded by

20A144 TIWARI NIRAJ RAVISHANKER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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📘 Why Java Annotations Are Essential

for Modern Development

🔹Clean, Fast, Scalable


🌿 A Practical Guide from
@Component to @SpringBootTest

🧑‍💻 Aman Kalabay


📌 Component Scanning & Dependency Injection
@Component: Marks a Java class as a Spring-
managed component.
@Service: Specialized @Component for
service layer.
@Repository: Specialized @Component for
persistence layer with exception translation.
@Controller: Specialized @Component for
MVC controller.
@RestController: Combines @Controller and
@ResponseBody.
@ComponentScan: Enables component
scanning in specified packages.
@Autowired: Injects dependencies
automatically.
@Qualifier: Specifies which bean to inject
when multiple candidates exist.
@Primary: Indicates the default bean to
inject when multiple candidates are present.
📌 Configuration & Bean Management
@Configuration: Indicates that the class contains Spring
bean definitions.
@Bean: Declares a bean to be managed by Spring.
@Lazy: Creates the bean only when it's first requested.
@DependsOn: Specifies dependent beans that must be
initialized first.
@Scope: Defines the scope of a bean (singleton,
prototype, etc.).

📌 Scheduling & Async Execution


@EnableScheduling: Enables Spring’s scheduled task
execution capability.
@Scheduled: Declares a method to be scheduled (e.g.,
cron or fixedDelay).
@EnableAsync: Enables asynchronous method
execution.
@Async: Marks a method to run asynchronously in a
separate thread.
📌 Spring AOP (Aspect-Oriented
Programming)

@EnableAspectJAutoProxy: Enables support


for handling components marked with
@Aspect.
@Aspect: Marks a class as an aspect.
@Before: Executes before a matched method.
@After: Executes after a matched method.
@AfterReturning: Executes after a method
returns successfully.
@AfterThrowing: Executes if a matched method
throws an exception.
@Around: Wraps method execution (before and
after).
📌 Spring Boot Annotations
@SpringBootApplication: Combines
@Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration,
and @ComponentScan.
@EnableAutoConfiguration: Tells Spring Boot
to start adding beans based on classpath
settings.
@ConfigurationProperties: Binds external
config to a Java object.
@Value: Injects values from properties files.
@Profile: Activates beans only for specific
profiles.
@ConditionalOnProperty: Loads a bean only
if a specific property exists.
📌 Spring MVC & REST
@RequestMapping: Maps HTTP requests to
handler methods.
@GetMapping,@PostMapping, @PutMapping,
@DeleteMapping: Shorthand for
@RequestMapping with HTTP methods.
@RequestParam: Binds HTTP query
parameters to method arguments.
@PathVariable: Binds URI template variables
to method parameters.
@RequestBody: Binds HTTP request body to a
method parameter.
@ResponseBody: Indicates the return value
should be serialized to the HTTP response
body.
📌 Exception Handling
@ControllerAdvice: Handles exceptions
across multiple controllers.
@ExceptionHandler: Defines method to
handle specific exceptions.
@ResponseStatus: Sets the HTTP status for a
method or exception.
📌 Spring Cloud & Microservices
@EnableDiscoveryClient: Enables service
registration and discovery.
@FeignClient: Declarative REST client for
calling other services.
@LoadBalanced: Adds client-side load
balancing to RestTemplate.
@RefreshScope: Refreshes bean values on
config changes.
@EnableConfigServer: Starts a Spring Cloud
Config server.

📌 Spring Kafka
@EnableKafka: Enables Kafka-related
annotations.
@KafkaListener: Listens for Kafka messages.
@KafkaHandler: Used with class-level
@KafkaListener for multiple methods.
📌 Messaging & WebSockets
@EnableWebSocket: Enables WebSocket
configuration.
@MessageMapping: Maps incoming messages
to methods (used in STOMP).
@SendTo: Sends response message to a
specific topic.
@SubscribeMapping: Handles subscription
requests.
@JmsListener: Listens to JMS messages.
@RabbitListener: Listens to RabbitMQ
messages.

📌 Caching
@EnableCaching: Enables Spring's annotation-
driven cache management.
@Cacheable: Caches the result of a method.
@CachePut: Updates the cache with the
method result.
@CacheEvict: Removes an entry from the
cache.
📌 Spring Security
@EnableWebSecurity: Enables Spring
Security configuration.
@PreAuthorize: Method-level
security using expressions.
@Secured: Defines security
constraints on methods.
@WithMockUser: Mocks a user for
testing purposes.

📌 Spring Data MongoDB


@Document: Marks a class as a
MongoDB document.
@Field: Maps a field to a specific
MongoDB field name.
@Id: Marks the primary key of the
document.
@DBRef: References another
document.
📌 Spring Data Cassandra
@Table: Marks a class as a Cassandra table.
@PrimaryKey: Marks the primary key field.
@Column: Maps a field to a Cassandra column.
@CassandraType: Defines the Cassandra-
specific data type.

📌 Spring Testing
@SpringBootTest: Loads a full application
context for integration testing.
@DataJpaTest: Configures an in-memory
database and tests only JPA components.
@WebMvcTest: Loads only web layer
(controllers) for testing.
@MockBean: Adds Mockito mock into the
Spring ApplicationContext.
@TestConfiguration: Provides test-specific
bean configurations.
📌 JPA & Transactions
@Entity: Marks a class as a JPA entity.
@Table: Maps the entity to a database table.
@Column: Maps a field to a database
column.
@Id: Marks a field as a primary key.
@GeneratedValue: Defines primary key
generation strategy.
@OneToMany, @ManyToOne: Defines
relationships between entities.
@Transactional: Declares a method or class
as transactional.
@EnableTransactionManagement: Enables
annotation-driven transaction
management.
📌 Spring Repository & Query
@Repository: Indicates a data access
component.
@EnableJpaRepositories: Enables JPA
repository scanning.
@Query: Defines a custom JPQL/SQL
query.
@Modifying: Marks a modifying query
(update/delete).

📌 Validation
@Valid: Triggers validation on method
arguments.
@NotNull: Validates that a value is not
null.
@Size: Validates size constraints (length or
collection size).
@Email: Validates that a field contains a
valid email address.
@Pattern: Validates a string against a
regex.
@Min, @Max: Validates numeric
boundaries.

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