SQL Practical Solutions
Definition (DDL) - 10 Marks
Create the Teachers table
CREATE TABLE Teachers (
teacher_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
full_name VARCHAR(100),
department VARCHAR(100)
);
Create the Courses table with teacher_id as a foreign key
CREATE TABLE Courses (
course_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
course_name VARCHAR(100),
teacher_id INT,
FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES Teachers(teacher_id)
);
Alter the Students table to add an email column
ALTER TABLE Students ADD COLUMN email VARCHAR(50);
Drop the email column from the Students table
ALTER TABLE Students DROP COLUMN email;
Manipulation (DML) - 10 Marks
Insert a new teacher named 'Mr. Kofi Ansah' in the Mathematics department
INSERT INTO Teachers (teacher_id, full_name, department)
VALUES (1, 'Mr. Kofi Ansah', 'Mathematics');
Insert a new course 'Algebra' taught by teacher_id = 3
INSERT INTO Courses (course_id, course_name, teacher_id)
VALUES (1, 'Algebra', 3);
Enroll student with student_id = 5 into course_id = 3 with grade = 75
INSERT INTO Enrollments (enrollment_id, student_id, course_id, grade)
VALUES (1, 5, 3, 75);
Update the age of the student with student_id = 5 to 20
UPDATE Students SET age = 20 WHERE student_id = 5;
Delete any course where teacher_id is NULL
DELETE FROM Courses WHERE teacher_id IS NULL;
Retrieval (SELECT) - 14 Marks
Retrieve full names and age of all male students
SELECT first_name, last_name, age FROM Students WHERE gender = 'Male';
List all courses and the teachers who teach them
SELECT Courses.course_name, Teachers.full_name
FROM Courses
JOIN Teachers ON Courses.teacher_id = Teachers.teacher_id;
Find the average grade for each course
SELECT course_id, AVG(grade) AS average_grade FROM Enrollments GROUP BY course_id;
List all students who are not enrolled in any course
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM Students
WHERE student_id NOT IN (SELECT student_id FROM Enrollments);
Retrieve names of students who scored less than 50 in any course
SELECT Students.first_name, Students.last_name
FROM Students
JOIN Enrollments ON Students.student_id = Enrollments.student_id
WHERE Enrollments.grade < 50;
List all departments and the total number of teachers in each department
SELECT department, COUNT(*) AS total_teachers FROM Teachers GROUP BY department;
Advanced Queries - 6 Marks
Retrieve the names of students and their respective grades in all courses, sorted by grade in
descending order
SELECT Students.first_name, Students.last_name, Enrollments.grade
FROM Students
JOIN Enrollments ON Students.student_id = Enrollments.student_id
ORDER BY Enrollments.grade DESC;
Retrieve the list of students who are enrolled in more than one course
SELECT Students.first_name, Students.last_name
FROM Students
JOIN Enrollments ON Students.student_id = Enrollments.student_id
GROUP BY Students.student_id
HAVING COUNT(Enrollments.course_id) > 1;
