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Chapter 1 Revison

The document contains a series of questions related to mesh analysis, spring-mass systems, and eigenvalue problems in mechanical vibrations. It includes deriving equations of motion, finding eigenvalues and natural frequencies, and using matrix methods to analyze a rocket's velocity. Each question is followed by specific tasks to solve for currents, eigenvalues, and coefficients in a polynomial function.

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5 views5 pages

Chapter 1 Revison

The document contains a series of questions related to mesh analysis, spring-mass systems, and eigenvalue problems in mechanical vibrations. It includes deriving equations of motion, finding eigenvalues and natural frequencies, and using matrix methods to analyze a rocket's velocity. Each question is followed by specific tasks to solve for currents, eigenvalues, and coefficients in a polynomial function.

Uploaded by

anushiyas-wg25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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REVISION 3

Q1

Mesh analysis is a systematic procedure which uses Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) to find all the
currents (I) in a circuit. Figure shows the circuit has two meshes, which are:

Mesh 1: KLV gives 12 = 6 𝐼1 + 4(𝐼1 − 𝐼2 )

Mesh 2: KLV gives 6 = 4(𝐼2 − 𝐼1 ) + 2𝐼2

Write the resulting system of equations in matrix form. Solve these equations using the elimination
method to obtain the mesh currents (𝐼1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼2).

Figure Circuit with two meshes.


Q2

Figure shows a three degree of freedom (DOF) spring-mass system. The mass of each block is m kg
and the stiffness of each spring is k N/m. The mass [M], and stiffness [K] matrices are given as:

1 0 0 2 −1 0
𝑀 = [0 1 0] 𝐾 = [−1 2 −1]
0 0 1 0 −1 2

The three DOF system has three eigenvalues and they are the roots of the following characteristic
equation:

|𝐾 − 𝜆𝑀| = 0

Determine the eigenvalues λ and hence the natural frequencies of this system.
Q3

Figure shows a three degree of freedom (DOF) spring-mass system under free vibration.

Figure

This system has three same masses (𝑚) connected by springs of the same stiffness(𝑘). Assumed 𝑚= 1
kg and 𝑘 = 1 𝑁/𝑚, the equations of motion (EOM) are as follow:

𝑥̈ = −2𝑥 + 𝑦
𝑦̈ = 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧
𝑧̈ = 𝑦 − 2𝑧

Prove that for normal modes of oscillation (𝑥 = 𝑋 cos 𝜔𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑌 cos 𝜔𝑡, 𝑧 = 𝑍 cos 𝜔𝑡) to exist, the
condition on Eigen value, 𝜆 = 𝜔2 is

𝜆−2 1 0
| 1 𝜆−2 1 |=0
0 1 𝜆−2

Find the three values of 𝜆 that satisfy this condition, and find the ratio of 𝑋: 𝑌: 𝑍 in each case.
Q4

a) Figure Q4 shows a two degrees-of-freedom system subjected to free vibration. Eigenvalue/


Eigenvector analysis is used to determine the dynamics characteristics (natural frequencies and
mode shapes) for this system. Given the mass matrix, M, and stiffness matrix, K as:

1 0 540 −300
M=[ ], K = [ ]
0 9 −300 300

The natural frequencies of this system can be determined using the equation, |K − 𝜔2 M| = 0. Using
the information given, determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the system. Then, use
a diagram to explain the relationship of eigenvectors with mode shapes, natural frequencies and
resonance.

Figure Q4: A two degrees of freedom (DOF) spring-mass system.


Q5

Table 1 shows the data for the velocity (upward) of a rocket measured at 3 different time. The velocity
function is expressed as 𝜈(𝑡) = 𝑎1 𝑡 2 + 𝑎2 𝑡 + 𝑎3 , for 5 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 12. Use matrix method to find the
variables of 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 .

Table 1: Data for the upward velocity


Time, 𝑡 (seconds) Velocity, 𝑣 (m/s)
5 106.8
8 177.2
12 279.2

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