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Aggregate functions

The document explains SQL aggregate functions, which perform calculations on multiple values and return a single value, while ignoring NULLs except for the COUNT function. It details various aggregate functions such as COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, and MAX, along with their syntax and examples using a sample table called PRODUCT_MAST. The document also illustrates how to use these functions with clauses like WHERE, GROUP BY, and HAVING.

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2 views

Aggregate functions

The document explains SQL aggregate functions, which perform calculations on multiple values and return a single value, while ignoring NULLs except for the COUNT function. It details various aggregate functions such as COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, and MAX, along with their syntax and examples using a sample table called PRODUCT_MAST. The document also illustrates how to use these functions with clauses like WHERE, GROUP BY, and HAVING.

Uploaded by

tvganesann
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aggregate functions:

 An aggregate function in SQL performs a calculation on multiple values and returns a


single value
 An aggregate function ignores NULL values when it performs the calculation, except
for the count function.
 We often use aggregate functions with the GROUP BY and HAVING clauses of the
SELECT statement.
Various types of SQL aggregate functions are:

1. Count()

2. Sum()

3. Avg()

4. Min()

5. Max()
COUNT() Function: The COUNT() function returns the number of rows in a database
table. COUNT function uses the COUNT(*) that returns the count of all the rows in a
specified table. COUNT(*) considers duplicate and Null.

Syntax:COUNT(*)

Sample table:

PRODUCT_MAST

PRODUCT COMPANY QTY RATE COST

Item1 Com1 2 10 20

Item2 Com2 3 25 75

Item3 Com1 2 30 60

Item4 Com3 5 10 50

Item5 Com2 2 20 40

Item6 Com1 3 25 75

Item7 Com1 5 30 150

Item8 Com1 3 10 30
Item9 Com2 2 25 50

Item10 Com3 4 30 120

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

Output:

10

Example: COUNT with WHERE

1. SELECT COUNT(*)
2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;
3. WHERE RATE>=20;

Output:

Example: COUNT() with DISTINCT

1. SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT COMPANY)


2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

Output:

Example: COUNT() with GROUP BY

1. SELECT COMPANY, COUNT(*)


2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST
3. GROUP BY COMPANY;

Output:

Com1 5
Com2 3
Com3 2

Example: COUNT() with HAVING

Example: COUNT with WHERE


1. SELECT COUNT(*)
2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;
3. WHERE RATE>=20;

Output:

Example: COUNT() with DISTINCT

1. SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT COMPANY)


2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

Output:

Example: COUNT() with GROUP BY

1. SELECT COMPANY, COUNT(*)


2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST
3. GROUP BY COMPANY;

Output:

Com1 5
Com2 3
Com3 2

Example: COUNT() with HAVING

670

Example: SUM() with WHERE

SELECT SUM(COST)

FROM PRODUCT_MAST

WHERE QTY>3;

Output:

320

Example: SUM() with GROUP BY


1. SELECT SUM(COST)
2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST
3. WHERE QTY>3
4. GROUP BY COMPANY;

Output:

Com1 150
Com2 170

Example: SUM() with HAVING

1. SELECT COMPANY, SUM(COST)


2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST
3. GROUP BY COMPANY
4. HAVING SUM(COST)>=170;

Output:

Com1 335
Com3 170

3. AVG function
The AVG function is used to calculate the average value of the numeric type. AVG function
returns the average of all non-Null values.

Syntax

1. AVG()
2. or
3. AVG( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

Example:

1. SELECT AVG(COST)
2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

Output:

67.00

4. MAX Function
MAX function is used to find the maximum value of a certain column. This function
determines the largest value of all selected values of a column.
Syntax

1. MAX()
2. or
3. MAX( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

Example:

1. SELECT MAX(RATE)
2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;
30

5. MIN Function
MIN function is used to find the minimum value of a certain column. This
function determines the smallest value of all selected values of a column.

Syntax

1. MIN()
2. or
3. MIN( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

Example:

1. SELECT MIN(RATE)
2. FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

Output:

10

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