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Extended CPP Concepts and Examples

The document provides an overview of key C++ concepts including polymorphism, object-oriented programming, overloading, and file processing systems. It explains the differences between static and dynamic binding, and includes example programs demonstrating function overloading, switch statements, loops, inline functions, friend classes, and conditional statements. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of file processing systems in terms of data persistence and efficient handling of large data.

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rajeev1969sharma01
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3 views3 pages

Extended CPP Concepts and Examples

The document provides an overview of key C++ concepts including polymorphism, object-oriented programming, overloading, and file processing systems. It explains the differences between static and dynamic binding, and includes example programs demonstrating function overloading, switch statements, loops, inline functions, friend classes, and conditional statements. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of file processing systems in terms of data persistence and efficient handling of large data.

Uploaded by

rajeev1969sharma01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comprehensive C++ Concepts and Examples

1. What is Polymorphism & Types of Polymorphism?

Polymorphism is an object-oriented programming concept that allows a single function or method to behave

differently based on the object it is acting upon. It promotes flexibility, maintainability, and reusability in code.

Types of Polymorphism:

1. Compile-time Polymorphism (Static): Resolved at compile time, achieved through function and operator

overloading.

2. Run-time Polymorphism (Dynamic): Resolved at runtime, achieved through virtual functions and

inheritance.

2. What is Understood by Object-Oriented?

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a paradigm that structures software around objects that contain data

and methods. OOP concepts include Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. It models

real-world entities and makes programs modular and easier to debug and maintain.

3. What Do You Understand by Overloading?

Overloading means having multiple definitions for the same function name or operator with different

parameter types or counts.

Function Overloading: Same function name with different parameter types.

Operator Overloading: Redefining operators for user-defined classes.

4. What is File Processing System in C++ and Advantage of File Processing System?

File processing refers to reading from and writing data to files using streams like ifstream, ofstream, and

fstream.

Advantages:

- Data persistence

- Data sharing

- Efficient large data handling

- Helps in logs, configs, and data backups.


Comprehensive C++ Concepts and Examples

5. Difference between Static Binding & Dynamic Binding

Static Binding:

- Resolved at compile time

- Uses normal or overloaded functions

- Faster

Dynamic Binding:

- Resolved at runtime

- Uses virtual functions and inheritance

- More flexible for polymorphic behavior.

6. Write a Program Which Demonstrates Function Overloading

class Calculator {

public:

int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }

double add(double a, double b) { return a + b; }

string add(string a, string b) { return a + b; }

};

7. Write a Program Which Demonstrates Switch Statement

switch (option) {

case 1: cout << 'Start'; break;

case 2: cout << 'Pause'; break;

case 3: cout << 'Exit'; break;

default: cout << 'Invalid';

8. Write a Program Which Demonstrates for/while & do-while Loop

FOR loop: for(int i=0;i<5;i++)


Comprehensive C++ Concepts and Examples

WHILE loop: while(i<5)

DO-WHILE loop: do { ... } while(i<5);

9. What Do You Understand by File Processing System & Advantages of File System?

A file processing system allows you to store, access, and manipulate data on the disk. C++ provides streams

like ifstream and ofstream.

Advantages:

- Data storage beyond program runtime

- Handling large records

- Useful for logs, backups, and persistent state.

10. Define Inline Function

An inline function is a function defined with the 'inline' keyword, which suggests the compiler to insert the

function's code directly at the call site to reduce function call overhead.

11. Write a Program Which Demonstrates Friend Class

class Box { friend class Display; private: int length; };

class Display { void show(Box b) { cout << b.length; } };

12. Write a Program Which Demonstrates If-Else Statement

if (marks >= 90) cout << 'A';

else if (marks >= 75) cout << 'B';

else cout << 'F';

13. Write a Program Which Demonstrates One Statement

int main() { cout << 'Hello'; return 0; }

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