scanf("%d%d,&x, &ey):

sum=x+y;
printf("the sumof the twO numbers is =% d".sum);
getch();

1.6.2 Conditional Control

Control):
(Selection Control or Decision
In conditional control,the
the condition-test. If the execution statements depends upon
of
condition evaluates to
statements is executed otherwise another set true, then a set of
of statements is
followed. This control is also called Decision
helps in making decision about which set of Control because it
executed. statements is to be
Decision control structure in Ccan be
implemented by using:
i If statement
ii. If-else statement
iii. Nested if else statement
iv. else-if ladder
V. case control structure/ Switch case statements
vi.
vii.
conditional
If
operator
statement The if statement controls
conditional
branching. The body of an if statement is executed if the
value of the expression is nonzero. The syntax for
the if statement has two forms. Example:
if (i> 0)
y=x/i;
else

X= i;
y=f(x );

. lI-else statement: This is a bi-directional control statement. This

slatement is used to test a condition and take one of the two possible
4cons. If the condition evaluates to true then one statement (or block
19
 20
21
largese"c); printf("%d
the is CODE CODE CODE CODE
c>b){ &&
c>a &&
if(c>d }else
largest",b); printf("%d
the is
b>d)! &&
b>a && if(b>c }else
largest"
a); printf(%d
the is eELSE Nested,Block EES Block IF
Hested
a>d){ && a>c &&
if(a>b
&d); &b,&c, &a, d%d" Scanf("%d
%d% False True J False True J
a,b,c,d:
"): values
ofprintf("Enter
the
a,b,c,d; int CONDITION-3 CONDITION-2
(){ main void
#include<stdio.h>
ladder. elifse called nesting
is type
of Block Block
This part. else last the except part else every statement in else
ifanthere
is which nesting False True
in type
of s
a isThiladder:- Else
if ix.
CONDITION-1
}
return
0;
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year"); printf("Not
leap a known
as this
1s then else, and if
both body
of the in or
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statement
within body
of.if-else thstatement
ehave or statement:
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if Vii.
year"):
printf("Leap
el{se J return
0;
year"); printf("Not
leap a printf("%d
number",number); odd is
else } else
year");
printf("Leap
0)
{ 400= (year
% if printt("%dis
even
400 divisible
by number",number): if(number%2=-0){
year
is check
if condition
to else /nested
if &number); scant("d",
{ 0)=100 (year% if number:"); rintt("entera
100 by umlber-0; int
divisible is
year check
if condition
to else//nested
if main(0! int
0) (year #includestdio.h>
4
&year); %d", scanf("if
year; int evecuted. statements)
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Modulus\n");
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Exit\n");Division\
printf("4.
printf("6.
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scanf("%d",
&choice);
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choice:"); n");printf("2.
Addition\n");
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printf("Select switchlexpression)generalThesubstandituteSwitch printf("%dJelsel
to to to a
be be be clearer is
executed syntax case the
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option
format long
stofatements: largest",d);
if switch than if
22 from all statements
cases follows:-case
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the
are
list laddermoreand
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statements
as

flexiblity
are

Iterations
controlled or 1.6.3similar
perform vi.
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Iteration default: case 6: case 5: case 4: case 3: case 2: 1:
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case(choice)
switch
printf("Enter b;
// int a,
to break; printf("%d
printf("Exiting...\n");
printf("Invalid break; printf("%d break;
break; printf("%d break; break;
printf("
of or simple printf("
%d-%d read
with if-else
statementsloops two
Control
the conditional
operator:-
statement.( %d %d",numbers
help are / * + two
% %d %d %d=
used % &a,
of
several Loops ( choice\n"); %d= = %d\n", a,
= numbers:
= &b);
a when It %d\n", %d\n", %d\n",
23 test operations.
discussed
already
earlier) is %d\n",
): a
condition.
times.The we ternary a,
");
a, a,
want a, b, b, b, b,
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execute b);
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in
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is
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becomesfalselo.op
num++;
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return0;d\n",num);
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statements;while Syntax:
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condition While
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initialization
for(initial Syntax: (after For Syntax:
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("%d\n",2*num);
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num=1;
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Do 2nd being Do

value; loop is while time while

like This In in
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25 and
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new the the
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passed 1.7.1Formal A 1.7
main(). is AsFunction: The
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constructs. Break three
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oop for(number-1;number<-5;number++)
variables we
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to
Parameters :The :The
it a a
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yXfunction
and while there is loop
we goto Break
of referred continue
created
calling and statements statement
control
to in always statement
obtain main()
Actual to
statement
the as statements
26
needs at
the
function. or unconditional
Parameters:
least
one that is is
sum anywhere a used
parameters, can is
jump are
not
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else jump
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1.7.3 There 1.7.2 andthe

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printf("x-y
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x=10,y=7;
=int int int main() C However, from actualparameters
res the header two can using
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Functions: the
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arguments
arguments main a a are
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of
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27
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program rewriting
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x=10.56,y=7.22; int
printf("Sum nt
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int %d",c):sum); function printf("x
%f"z);
ty= sum(x,y); float void
m()//function z
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without atb; a,float sum(float,float):
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no // a,int
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28
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int int
components names
of of printf("Sum x=15,y-35,z=5;
%d"sum); =
of with sumn
x=10,y=20,z=5;
of
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Programmers with
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29 in Arrays simplify be arguments and
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Strings
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31 example,using code time of
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32 languages. allows various up
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34
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situations.
adaptable to different

38