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Cplusplus

The document explains pointers to member functions in C++, highlighting their association with non-static members and the necessity of an object instance for invocation. It also covers class specifications, constructors, and destructors, detailing their roles in object creation and destruction. Key features of constructors, including types such as default, parameterized, and copy constructors, are outlined along with the definition of destructors.

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2 views4 pages

Cplusplus

The document explains pointers to member functions in C++, highlighting their association with non-static members and the necessity of an object instance for invocation. It also covers class specifications, constructors, and destructors, detailing their roles in object creation and destruction. Key features of constructors, including types such as default, parameterized, and copy constructors, are outlined along with the definition of destructors.

Uploaded by

tleojais
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Pointers to member functions in C++ are a unique type of pointer that allows

you to store the address of a non-static member function of a class. Unlike


regular function pointers, they require an object instance to be invoked. Here's
a breakdown:
Key Concepts
 Non-Static Members:
Pointers to member functions can only point to non-static member functions. Static
member functions don't belong to a specific object, so they can be handled with
regular function pointers.
 Object Association:
Member function pointers are associated with a particular class. They don't directly
point to a specific memory address like regular function pointers. Instead, they point to
the offset of the member function within the class's structure.
 this Pointer:
When a non-static member function is called, it receives an implicit this pointer, which
refers to the object instance it was called on. Member function pointers rely on this
mechanism.
 Invocation:
To call a member function through a pointer, you need an object instance or a pointer
to an object. The syntax involves the .* operator for objects and the ->* operator for
object pointers.
In C++, a class specification defines a user-defined data type that
encapsulates data (member variables) and functions (member methods) that
operate on that data. It acts as a blueprint for creating objects.
Here's a breakdown of the key components:
1. Class Declaration:
 Begins with the keyword class followed by the class name.
 The class body is enclosed in curly braces {} and terminated by a semicolon ;.
In C++, a constructor is a special member function of a class that is
automatically called when an object of that class is created. Its primary
purpose is to initialize the data members of the object. Constructors have the
same name as the class and do not have a return type.
Key Features of Constructors:
 Automatic Invocation: Constructors are automatically called when an object is
created.
 Initialization: They are used to initialize the data members of the object.
 Same Name as Class: Constructors have the same name as the class.
 No Return Type: They do not have a return type, not even void.
 Public or Private: Constructors can be declared in either the public or private section of
the class.
Types of Constructors:
 Default Constructor:
 A constructor with no parameters or with all parameters having default values.
 If no user-defined constructor exists, the compiler implicitly declares a default constructor.
 Parameterized Constructor:
 A constructor that accepts parameters to initialize object members with specific values.
 Copy Constructor:
 A constructor that creates a new object as a copy of an existing object.
 Used for deep copying to avoid issues with pointers.
What is the destructor function in C++?
A destructor is a member function that is invoked automatically when the object goes
out of scope or is explicitly destroyed by a call to delete or delete[] . A destructor has the
same name as the class and is preceded by a tilde ( ~ ). For example, the destructor for
class String is declared: ~String()

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